Chinese scientists have made a breakthrough cure for AIDS, hepatitis b infection | virus infection | Hepatitis b _ HIV| news

Original title: Chinese scientists made a breakthrough cure for chronic viral infections such as HIV

Xinhua News Agency, Zhongqing, August 6 (reporter Li Hualing)-internationally renowned scientific magazine nature (Nature) was recently published by leading original research results, third military medical University, reveals the CD8+T of a new cell class, explains its mechanism to inhibit viral replication. This discovery will help you understand the key link of immune response to chronic viral infection, as a cure for chronic viral infections such as HIV, hepatitis b provides new possibilities.

In the international academic community, Nature and Science, Cell and called three top technology magazine (called CNS). Third military medical University led the study in early 2013, 973 project, the organisation Department of the Ministry of science and technology in thousands planned and funded by national natural science Fund projects, after researchers tireless research, after 4 years of a major breakthrough.

The corresponding author of the research, Professor of third military medical University, Ye Lilin introduction, previous research has found that in acute viral infections and specificity CD8+T cells by killing of virus-infected cells, secrete antiviral cytokines in order to effectively clear the virus. But in the course of chronic viral infection, virus-specific CD8+T cells showed the medical profession called "depletion of function" phenomenon. "Not recognized by the CD8+T cells are not viruses, and not how to reduce in the number, like the police encountered a group of gangsters, was supposed to pull out a gun to shoot weapons could not be started. "He said.

Generally agreed that CD8+T cells are almost completely lost the function of cleaning. But the study found that in the course of chronic viral infection, although CD8+T cells "function depletion", but still remain at relatively low levels of the virus, there is no outbreak in a short time. Therefore, CD8+T cells have loss of function arguments were persuasive.

Research Group found that "functional depletion" still has some antiviral functions of CD8+T cells, and to a large extent control the replication of the virus. Originally, a new group of CD8+T cell subtypes played a key role, task group known as CXCR5 CD8+T cells. In the study, the task force also identified a Id2/E2A signal generated axis is an important regulator of the cell subsets.

It is reported that the treatment of HIV, hepatitis, cancer and other chronic diseases caused by viral infection, only to a certain extent inhibited viral replication of the chemical, it cannot be eradicated. Ye Lilin points out that: "by some means, and increased stability for a class of CD8+T cells can enhance their cleaning function. This is fundamentally a cure for these diseases offers new possibilities. ”

Professor Ye Lilin said, the next step, they will follow the new research strategy, applied to HIV research and cancer immunotherapy research, exploring two possible solutions to world class medical challenges and paths.

It is understood that researchers at Tsinghua University, Fudan University and other institutions were also involved in the study, Wu yuzhang, third military medical University Professor with Tsinghua University Professor Qi Hai is the co-author of the treatise, author of third military medical University doctoral student He Ran, the eight-year student Liu Cheng, Tsinghua University doctoral student Hou Shi玥.

Responsible editor: Kun Qu SN117

Article keywords:
Virus HIV the hepatitis b

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中国科学家在根治艾滋、乙肝感染上取得突破|病毒感染|HIV|乙肝_新闻资讯

　　原标题：中国科学家在根治HIV等慢性病毒感染上取得突破

　　新华社重庆8月6日电（记者黎华玲）国际知名科学周刊《自然》（Nature）于近日发表由第三军医大学主导的原创性研究成果，揭示了一群新的CD8+T细胞亚类，阐明了其抑制病毒复制的机制。这一发现有助于理解慢性病毒感染免疫的关键环节，为根治HIV、乙肝等慢性病毒感染提供了新的可能。

　　在国际学术界，Nature与Science、Cell并称为三大顶尖科技杂志（简称CNS）。第三军医大学主导的这项研究自2013年初启动，在科技部973计划、中组部千人计划及国家自然基金项目资助下，经过科研工作者不懈攻关，历经近4年时间取得重大突破。

　　该研究论著的通讯作者、第三军医大学叶丽林教授介绍，此前的研究发现，在急性病毒感染中，特异性CD8+T细胞通过杀伤病毒感染的细胞，分泌抗病毒细胞因子从而有效清除病毒。但在慢性病毒感染过程中，病毒特异性的CD8+T细胞却显出医学界称为“功能耗竭”的现象。“此时CD8+T细胞并非不能识别病毒，数量也并没怎么减少，就像警察遇到一群歹徒，本该拔枪射击却无法启动杀伤武器。”他说。

　　普遍认为，此时CD8+T细胞几乎彻底丧失了清除病毒的功能。但是研究发现，在慢性病毒感染过程中，虽然CD8+T细胞显得“功能耗竭”，病毒却依然维持在相对较低的水平上，没有在短时间内爆发。因此，CD8+T细胞已经丧失功能的观点缺乏说服力。

　　课题组最终发现，“功能耗竭”的CD8+T细胞仍然具有一定的抗病毒功能，并在很大程度上控制病毒的复制。原来，一群新的CD8+T细胞亚类发挥着关键作用，课题组称之为CXCR5阳性CD8+T细胞。在该项研究中，课题组还确定了Id2/E2A信号轴是生成这一细胞亚群的一个重要调控因子。

　　据悉，目前治疗HIV、乙肝、肿瘤等慢性病毒感染导致的疾病，化学药物只能在一定程度上抑制病毒复制，尚不能彻底根除。而叶丽林教授指出：“通过一定的手段，增加和稳定这一类CD8+T细胞可以增强其清除病毒的功能。这为从根本上治愈这些疾病提供了新的可能。”

　　叶丽林教授透露，下一步，他们将沿着这一新的研究策略，把研究成果运用到HIV和肿瘤的免疫治疗研究中，探寻这两种世界级医学难题的可能解决方法和路径。

　　据了解，清华大学、复旦大学等机构的研究人员也参与了这项研究，第三军医大学吴玉章教授和清华大学的祁海教授同是该论著的共同通讯作者，第一作者则为第三军医大学博士生何然、八年制学员刘诚以及清华大学博士生侯诗玥。

责任编辑：瞿崑 SN117

文章关键词：
病毒感染 HIV 乙肝

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