Nanjing victory of 71 years
On August 15, the Nanjing held a rally to commemorate the victory of 71 years. The same day, Beijing Youth daily reporter learned from the Li Ji, site of the comfort women of Nanjing Museum, the Museum is in the process of Nanjing city comfort stations more than more than 50 Japanese invading army mapping, surveys, site visits, collect relevant information, the curatorial and publishing comfort stations survey record.
Fixed through the comfort stations survey record historical facts, determine the place, witnesses, evidence, on the one hand is to record history, recovery of evidence, reminding people not to forget the war now tragedy; the other hand, Japan has been denial, refusal to reflect on the right wing of "comfort women" system is the Japan war crimes, will also be strong evidence. Japanese invading troops killed in the Nanjing massacre Memorial Hall curator Zhang Jianjun introduced comfort stations has started its investigation, will be the topic of the future planned thematic exhibitions, and plans next year to survey and record for publication.
August 15 is the Japan surrender anniversary recently, Li Ji, site of the comfort women of Nanjing Museum started in Nanjing city comfort stations more than more than 50 Japanese invading army mapping, surveys, site visits, and plans next year to commemorate the 80 anniversary of the war record of exhibition and publication of the comfort women surveyed.
According to the Chinese "comfort women" issue Research Center Director, Nanjing, Li Ji, site of the comfort women Gallery Su Zhiliang, the Director introduced in May this year, from China, Korea, and Indonesia, 8 countries and regions of the civil organizations to apply to UNESCO for the Japanese army during the second world war forced "comfort women" of historical facts included in the memory of the World Register. Japan facts submitted to the "comfort women system is a commercial activity" related files. Therefore, said Su Zhiliang, want to comfort stations record of investigation to fix the historical facts, determine the place, witnesses, evidence, record history, recovery of evidence on the one hand, reminding people not to forget the war now tragedy; the other hand, Japan has been denial, refusal to reflect on the right wing of "comfort women" system is the Japan war crimes, provide strong evidence.
Nanjing as the capital of the nationalist government period, is Japan introduced "comfort women" system where Chinese comfort women is one of the central cities. Gallery research personnel introduced, comfort by survey work from this year early has began to for, main including three part, a is collected all comfort by, including still in, and has alterations, and has demolished, various building of related history planning figure, and photos, and video information; II is search, and records the comfort by witnesses of testimony and first-hand historical; three is collected finishing comfort by near masses of related testimony. Now, after a period of collecting and field visits had been found about 40 comfort women by the Japanese history of aggression against China, new clues emerge, estimated the final total comfort stations will be 50 to 60.
Dialog
Chinese "comfort woman" Director, Centre for research on Li Ji, site of the comfort women of Nanjing Museum curator Su Zhiliang
Comfort women surveyed for the elderly for more than 20 years the grievances is the driving force
Japan during their invasion of China in China a lot of comfort women, forced recruitment of comfort women, caused great harm to the Chinese women's physical and mental. To leave historical evidence, Li Ji, site of the comfort women of Nanjing Museum to the city's more than 50 more than by the invading Japanese military comfort women mapping, surveys, site visits, collect relevant information, the curatorial and publishing comfort stations survey record. China Beijing Youth daily reporter an exclusive dialogue "comfort women" issue Research Center Director, Nanjing Su Zhiliang, Li Ji, site of the comfort women, Gallery curator, understand the status of Nanjing, comfort women and to investigate the situation.
Over more than 50 sites of comfort stations one by one visit
North Green: what is the purpose of these investigations?
Su Zhiliang: this is a historic study, Japan established comfort stations to have a historical basis in China, the survey begins in the past, but this time we want to system for Nanjing comfort stations studied one by one, so that historical evidence more fully.
North Green: are investigations into what was?
Su Zhiliang: still further next year, I hope in 80 years when the war broke out, to have an authority results published.
Bei Qing: this authority refers to the comfort stations survey record?
Su Zhiliang: Yes, a comfort women by the Japanese in Shanghai before the record, this record will be 80 next year anniversary of Nanjing.
North Green: similar studies, in addition to Nanjing and other cities in it?
Su Zhiliang, Shanghai is the first city we do to investigate more fully and finally found more than more than 160 comfort stations, can be said to be comfort stations than any other city in the world.
In addition, we also in Wuhan, Hainan Island, site of the comfort women survey was conducted.
North Green: investigate how?
Su Zhiliang: according to all the clues in the past, such as historical sources, archives, press record and so many aspects and field visits confirmed one by one.
Recorded from a historical perspective
Not all buildings are to be retained
Bei Qing: comfort stations in Nanjing now what?
Su Zhiliang due to reasons such as urban renewal, many of the old buildings are gone, but it still has a lot of historical information left to dig, such as some written evidence. There are a few sites remaining comfort women houses, most now is houses, some even retained the furniture, all we need to have a good record, and well maintained.
Bei Qing: the comfort stations are located where?
Su Zhiliang: from downtown to the suburbs, such as Li Ji, in the Center, and Tangshan, Shimonoseki.
Bei Qing: compared with other cities, Nanjing, comfort all of what?
Su Zhiliang: is the Japanese comfort women are more concentrated in Nanjing city. But as Chinese by the Japanese army headquarters is located, Nanjing, comfort women is therefore often of military-oriented, which can also be obtained from the records of European officers confirmed.
North Green: how these comfort stations after the site plan?
Su Zhiliang: mainly from the viewpoint of historical record, and not all the buildings were to be retained, and it costs too much, such as Li Ji, preserved in Nanjing is a representative, but the history you want to clear.
North Green: in the Li Ji, site of the comfort women galleries, heritage exhibits on show include what?
Su Zhiliang: various, there are some survivors living things, such as comfort women use cosmetics, documents, clothing and so on. There are some survivors what they write and record.
Bei Qing: now to visit the Gallery of people about how many?
Su Zhiliang: visits are limited, because the Museum is a building of the Republic of, which itself has a long history, so it's not the more people the better. Visit required prior to booking on the Internet, will be limited to 200 people a day.
This item is very heavy
National aggression history
North Green: When did you start taking comfort-related data?
Su Zhiliang: since 1993, and now has more than 20 years.
North Green: about how many people will do related research? These are full time doing some volunteer?
Su Zhiliang: there are dozens of people back and forth, a group of about four or five people in Nanjing. Now some members of the public, including cadres also joined us.
North Green: what are the difficulties in the course of your investigation and search for?
Su Zhiliang: first of all, Japan later in the war has destroyed a lot of information, from a data perspective is difficult to reproduce the entire history would be difficult. Second, for such a long time has passed, many of the survivors had died, such as Lei Guiying found in Nanjing before him, including many who had eighty or ninety years old, belongs to the rescue of our work.
North Green by doing these surveys in 20 years, with material gathered more and more, your state of mind is not a change?
Su Zhiliang: this item is very heavy, are victims of their ethnic aggression history and information is scattered, Japan has always been an undeniable attitude of the Government, so the Chinese Government has the responsibility to figure out. We also see that these have been very difficult for the elderly, leaving more than 20 people. For these grievances, and we adhere to today's power.
Wen Kong Linghan/student journalists in this group Mr Larry Kwok Lam photo/Dongfang IC
(Editors: Liu Cheng UN649)
2016-08-16 02:20:48
Northern green network
南京纪念抗战胜利71周年
8月15日，南京举行集会纪念抗战胜利71周年。当天，北京青年报记者从南京利济巷慰安所旧址陈列馆获悉，该馆正着手对南京全市50余处侵华日军慰安所进行摸底、调查、实地探访，搜集整理相关资料后，将策展并出版慰安所调查实录。
通过慰安所调查实录来固定史实，确定地点、证人、证据，一方面是为了记录历史、复原罪证，提醒当下的人们不要忘记战争悲剧；另一方面，针对日本右翼一直以来否认、拒绝反省“慰安妇”制度是日本战争罪行，也将是强有力的证据。侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆馆长张建军介绍，慰安所调查工作已经启动，未来将以此为主题策划主题展览，并计划在明年将调查实录结集出版。
8月15日是日本投降纪念日，近日，南京利济巷慰安所旧址陈列馆开始着手对南京全市50余处侵华日军慰安所进行摸底、调查、实地探访，计划将于明年纪念抗日战争爆发80周年之际举办展览并出版慰安所调查实录。
据中国“慰安妇”问题研究中心主任、南京利济巷慰安所旧址陈列馆馆长苏智良介绍，今年5月，来自中国、韩国、印度尼西亚等8个国家和地区的民间组织共同向联合国教科文组织申请将日军二战期间强征“慰安妇”的历史事实列入世界记忆名录。而日本方面则颠倒黑白地提交了“慰安妇制度是商业行为”的相关档案。因此，苏智良表示，希望通过慰安所调查实录来固定史实，确定地点、证人、证据，一方面记录历史、复原罪证，提醒当下的人们不要忘记战争悲剧；另一方面，针对日本右翼一直以来否认、拒绝反省“慰安妇”制度是日本战争罪行，提供强有力的证据。
南京作为国民政府时期的首都，是日本推行“慰安妇”制度主要地方，也是中国慰安所较为集中的城市之一。陈列馆研究人员介绍，慰安所调查工作从今年年初已经开始着手进行，主要包括三部分，一是搜集所有慰安所，包括仍在、已改建、已拆毁等各类建筑的相关历史规划图、照片、视频资料；二是寻访、记录各慰安所见证人的证言和第一手史料；三是搜集整理慰安所附近群众的相关证言。目前，经过一段时间的搜集整理和实地走访，已找到约40所侵华日军慰安所的历史记录，新的线索也不断涌现，估计最终慰安所总数会有50至60所。
对话
中国“慰安妇”问题研究中心主任、南京利济巷慰安所旧址陈列馆馆长苏智良
慰安所调查逾20年 为老人申冤是动力
日本侵华期间在中国建立了大量的慰安所，强征慰安妇，给中国妇女身心造成了极大伤害。为给历史留下证据，南京利济巷慰安所旧址陈列馆着手对全市50余处侵华日军慰安所进行摸底、调查、实地探访，搜集整理相关资料后，将策展并出版慰安所调查实录。北京青年报记者独家对话中国“慰安妇”问题研究中心主任、南京利济巷慰安所旧址陈列馆馆长苏智良，了解南京慰安所现状以及调查情况。
50余处慰安所 一个个地考察
北青报：做这些调查的初衷是什么？
苏智良：这是一个历史性的实证研究，日本在中国建立慰安所要有历史依据，这个调查过去就开始了，只不过我们这次想系统对南京的慰安所一个个地考察，这样历史证据才更充分。
北青报：现在调查进行到哪一步了？
苏智良：现在还在不断深入，希望明年在抗战爆发80年的时候，能有一个权威的成果发布。
北青报：这个权威成果是指慰安所调查实录？
苏智良：对，之前出过一部上海日军慰安所实录，南京这个实录会在明年80周年时出。
北青报：类似的研究，除了南京还有其他城市也在进行吗？
苏智良：上海是我们做的第一个城市，调查得比较充分，最后找到160多个慰安所，可以说是世界上慰安所最多的城市。
除此以外，我们也在武汉、海南全岛等地进行了慰安所旧址调查。
北青报：具体怎么进行调查？
苏智良：根据以往所有的线索，比如历史的知情人、历史档案，当时报刊记载等等很多方面，然后一个个地实地走访确认。
从历史学角度记录下来
不是所有建筑都要保留
北青报：现在南京慰安所的状况是怎样的？
苏智良：由于城市改造等原因，很多旧址的建筑都已经没有了，但是仍有很多历史资料留待挖掘，譬如一些书面证据等。也有少数慰安所遗址保留了当时的房子，大部分现在都是民居，有些甚至留存了当时的家具，这些都需要我们好好记录，好好保存。
北青报：这些慰安所都分布在哪里？
苏智良：从中心城区到郊外都有，比如中心城区的利济巷，还有汤山、下关都有。
北青报：和其他城市相比，南京的慰安所有什么特点？
苏智良：南京是日军慰安所比较集中的城市。而且作为日军中国派遣军司令部所在地，南京慰安所有很多是面向军官的，这一点也可以从当时欧洲一些军官的记录中得到印证。
北青报：这些慰安所遗址以后怎样规划？
苏智良：主要是从历史学的角度记录下来，而并不是所有建筑都要保留，而且这个成本太大，比如南京利济巷保留下来就是一个很好的代表了，但是历史要搞清楚。
北青报：在利济巷慰安所旧址陈列馆里，展出的文物展品都包括哪些？
苏智良：各种各样，有一些幸存者生前使用的东西，比如慰安妇使用的化妆品、证件、衣服等。还有一些幸存者自己写的东西和记述。
北青报：现在来陈列馆里参观的人大概有多少？
苏智良：参观是限定的，因为陈列馆是一个民国建筑，本身历史悠久，所以并不是人越多越好。参观前需要在网上预约，每天会限制在200人以下。
这个项目是很沉重的
是民族被侵略的历史
北青报：您是从什么时候开始做慰安所相关资料调查的？
苏智良：从1993年开始，到现在已经20多年了。
北青报：大概有多少人做相关的调查？这些人是专职在做还是有一些志愿者？
苏智良：前前后后有好几十个人，在南京一个小组大概有四五个人。现在还有一些市民，包括干部也都加入了我们。
北青报：在你们调查和寻访过程中有哪些难点？
苏智良：首先，日本在战争后期销毁了很多资料，从资料角度来说比较困难，要再现整个历史恐怕很难。第二，这么长时间过去了，很多幸存者已经去世，比如之前在南京找到的雷桂英老人，包括很多人已经八九十岁了，我们的工作属于抢救型的。
北青报：做这些调查20年来，随着搜集到的材料越来越多，您的心理状态是不是有一些变化？
苏智良：这个项目是很沉重的，是自己民族受害被侵略的历史，而且资料比较零散，日本政府又一直是一个否认的态度，所以中国政府更有责任搞清楚。我们也看到，这些老人过得很艰辛，只剩下20多个人。为这些老人申冤，也是我们坚持到今天的动力。
本组文/见习记者 孔令晗 郭琳琳 供图/东方IC
(责任编辑：刘盛钱 UN649)
2016-08-16 02:20:48
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