Rio Olympic closing United Kingdom gold | | Olympics gold medals _ why catch up with China News
Original title: Rio Olympic closing tomorrow, United Kingdom gold why catch up with China?
Rio Olympic Games today (August 21, 2016) entered its 15th day. Chinese athletes do well, reap the good grades of 4 gold and 1 bronze.
Especially this morning, the women's volleyball final, the Chinese team 3:1 win over Serbia, and again after 12 years the highest podium at the Olympics! I believe that everyone has to be crowding the screen all day, but still wish to say a few words, it's women's girls are good! But in the medal rankings, China's medal count is still behind United Kingdom one.
To say United Kingdom yesterday that gold medals with China, but the penultimate match day mad gold, equestrian, hockey, running, rowing and boxing won 5 gold medals 5 projects. Tomorrow to the closing of the Olympics, Chinese athletes have 3 projects to participation: men's mountain bike cross country and wrestling, Marathon.
They are in these three projects is not gold. So there is no big surprise, China Olympic gold medals to overtake United Kingdom has basically hopeless, is nearly 4 games fell out of top two gold medals for the first time.
Ever since the 1984 Olympics for the first time, China has been a gold medal on the large, and the United Kingdom had never beyond China in the medal.
In July, United Kingdom Sports Association (UK Sports) medal targets announced Rio: 47 to 49 medals. Current United Kingdom medal total is 66, far exceeding the predetermined goals. United Kingdom how do it?
We first look at the next 9 since the 1984 Olympics medal count.
Can see from the above two pictures, United Kingdom after sunk to a low ebb in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics and gold medals overall are on the rise, reaching a peak in 2012. Team gold medals overall was also gradually increased, reaching a peak in 2008. Two countries one of the largest number of gold medals at home.
To analyse the reasons for this trend, you have to refer to what is known as "host dividend" phenomenon.
Olympic Games, occupy home court advantage hosts typically have a high level of performance, and in the next Olympic Games, they tend to continue to punch.
In order to illustrate the "host dividend" this phenomenon, in addition to the above mentioned China and the United Kingdom, outside (app ID:xjb-waishier) make the list a few examples.
The 1988 Seoul Olympic Games, Korea won an unprecedented 12 gold medals, 4 years after the Barcelona Olympic Games, Korea also Hao taking 12 gold medals, but in 1996 the drop directly to 5 gold medals.
At the 2000 Sydney Olympics, Australia won 16 gold medals in 2004, went further, winning 17 gold medals in Athens.
But there are exceptions. Spain won 13 gold medals at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, 1996 "Cliff" has dropped to only 5 gold.
"Host dividend" is the most important reason to hold the Olympic Games countries tends to increase investment in sport, brings national Olympic development spurt, this trend will continue into the next Olympic Games.
Contrary, the Chinese side has been slowly walked out of the Beijing Olympics in the dividend. Under this, but not long United Kingdom team gold over China is not surprising.
System media United Kingdom gold medals than China at times as one of the important reasons.
"The whole nation system" and "host dividend" essence is the same: invest more money higher probability of a gold medal.
For some time after the start of the Olympic Games in Rio, seen outside an Athens Olympic Games before and after the old text--circulated again in the Olympic trap networks, said that China invested nearly 20 billion yuan for the preparation for the Athens Olympic Games, each gold medal cost up to 700 million Yuan.
No problem said the 20 billion figure is accurate, even if true it took so much money, nor simple total investment divided by the number of gold medals, and that cost 700 million Yuan for each gold medal.
Actually this question a little Pat on the head can think clearly, how could the 20 billion yuan spent on Olympic athletes is concerned?
Media reports, the United Kingdom throughout the Rio Olympic cycle, sports investment said up to ￡ 387 million. As of February 5, 2015, the Olympic Games was voted ￡ 274 million, surpassing the Olympic cycle.
In simple terms, no input, no output, high input and high output, this applies economic principle to the Olympics, too.
In addition to the above mentioned "host dividend" and the whole nation system, outer (app ID:xjb-waishier) said that the United Kingdom gold medals than China for a reason: China's advantage is too concentrated.
Chinese Olympic delegation of six dream teams, including shooting, gymnastics, diving, table tennis, badminton and weightlifting. Once a dream team to unexpected, medal count will certainly be affected.
So far appear normal even usual only diving, took a total of 7 Gold 2 silver and 1 bronze historical record. Lift weights despite some unpleasant episodes, overall performance is also very good, harvested 5 gold and 2 bronze.
But shooting, gymnastics and badminton across three dream team lost added up to only 3 gold medals, including badminton 2 shot, 1 gymnastics is rare "odd".
In contrast, United Kingdom, in a total of 17 events at the Olympics, in addition to badminton and judo, United Kingdom in the other 15 major items accounted for all gold medals!
Bike with 6 gold, 4 silver and 2 bronze continues dominance in this project, realized the men's diving, women's field hockey gold medal "zero breakthrough".
Regardless of the final outcome, the 16-day of the Rio games is coming to a close tomorrow. Although views on the number of gold medals and some controversy, however, as summed up in the General Administration of sport Liu Peng:
I think "the only gold medal on" is wrong, how much gold does not matter, that it is wrong.
After all, every time I saw our national flag rose, every time I hear the national anthem played, I believe many people outside (app ID:xjb-waishier), always inexplicable moved and proud!
Thank you, Rio Olympics Chinese athletes! After 4 years we Tokyo, goodbye!
Responsible editor: Gao Yuying
Article keywords:Olympics medal count
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The Beijing News
里约奥运闭幕 英国金牌为啥能赶超中国|
奥运会|金牌数_新闻资讯
原标题：里约奥运明天闭幕，英国金牌为啥能赶超中国？
里约奥运会今天（指2016年08月21日）进入第15个比赛日。中国运动健儿们表现出色，收获4金1铜的好成绩。
尤其是今天上午进行的女排决赛，中国队3比1力克塞尔维亚队，时隔12年后再度站在奥运赛场的最高领奖台！相信大家已经被刷屏一天了，但外事儿还是想说一句，女排姑娘们好样的！不过在奖牌排行榜上，中国金牌数目前还落后英国一枚。
要说英国昨天金牌数还跟中国持平，但倒数第二个比赛日里同样疯狂夺金，在马术、曲棍球、长跑、皮划艇和拳击5个项目上夺得5枚金牌。奥运会明天就要闭幕了，中国运动员还有3个项目要参加：男子摔跤、马拉松和山地自行车越野赛。
中国队在这三个项目上都没有夺金点。因此不出大的意外的话，中国本届奥运金牌数超越英国已基本无望，也是近4届奥运首次跌出金牌榜前二。
自从1984年首次参加奥运会以来，中国一直就是金牌、奖牌榜上的大户，而英国此前从没在奖牌榜上超越过中国。
今年7月，英国体育协会（UK Sports）公布了里约夺牌目标：47至49枚奖牌。目前英国奖牌总数是66枚，远超过预定的目标。英国是如何做到的？
我们先来看下1984年以来的9届奥运会上两国的奖牌数。
从上面两张图可以看出，英国在1996年亚特兰大奥运会上跌入低谷后，金牌数总体呈上升趋势，2012年达到顶峰。中国队的金牌数总体上也是逐渐增加，到2008年达到顶峰。两个国家拿金牌数最多的一次都是在主场。
要分析出现这种趋势的原因，就不得不提到一种被称为“东道主红利”的现象。
奥运会上，占据主场优势的东道主一般都有出色的表现，而在接下来的一届奥运会上，这些国家往往会继续发力。
为了说明“东道主红利”这个现象，除了上面提到的中国和英国，外事儿（微信ID：xjb-waishier）再列几个例子。
1988年汉城奥运会上，韩国拿下史无前例的12枚金牌，4年后的巴塞罗那奥运会上，韩国同样豪取12枚金牌，不过1996年则直接滑落到5枚金牌。
2000年悉尼奥运会上，澳大利亚夺得16枚金牌，2004年雅典则更进一步拿下17枚金牌。
不过凡事都有例外。西班牙在1992年的巴塞罗那奥运会上获得13枚金牌，1996年则“断崖式”下滑到只有5金了。
“东道主红利”现象的最重要原因是，承办奥运会的国家往往会加大体育投入，带来本国奥运成绩的井喷式发展，这种态势会延续到下一届奥运会上。
反观中国队这边，已经慢慢走出了北京奥运的红利期。此消彼长之下英国队金牌数超过中国也就不意外了。
举国体制也是媒体分析英国金牌超过中国时常提到的一个重要原因。
“举国体制”和“东道主红利”其实本质是相同的：即投入越多的金钱获得金牌的概率也越高。
就在里约奥运开始后一段时间，外事儿看到一篇雅典奥运前后的旧文——《奥运会的陷阱》再次流传网络，称中国为备战雅典奥运投入近200亿元，每块金牌成本高达7亿元。
先不说200亿这个数字的准确性问题，即便是真花了这么多钱，也不能简单把总投入除以金牌数，然后得出每个金牌的成本是7亿元吧。
其实这个问题稍微拍拍脑袋就能想清楚，这200亿元怎么可能只花在奥运选手身上呢？
有媒体报道，英国在整个里约奥运周期，体育投入据称高达3.87亿英镑。其中截至2015年2月5日，奥运会项目就已经投了2.74亿英镑，超过了伦敦奥运周期。
简单来说，没有投入就没有产出，高投入则有高产出，这个经济学原理应用到奥运赛场也一样。
除了上面讲到的“东道主红利”和举国体制，外事儿（微信ID：xjb-waishier）认为，英国金牌数超中国还有一个原因：中国队的优势项目过于集中。
中国奥运代表团有六大梦之队，包括射击、体操、乒乓球、羽毛球、跳水和举重。一旦某个梦之队出现意外，金牌总数必然受到影响。
迄今为止，表现正常甚至说超常发挥的也只有跳水了，一共拿了7金2银1铜的历史最好成绩。举重尽管出现了一些不愉快的小插曲，总体表现也非常不错，收获了5金2铜。
但射击、体操和羽毛球三大梦之队则全线落败，加起来只有3枚金牌，其中羽毛球2枚射击1枚，体操则是罕见的“挂零”。
反观英国这边，奥运会一共17个大项目中，除了羽毛球和柔道，英国队在其它15个大项全都有金牌入账！
自行车以6金4银2铜继续保持着在这个项目上的绝对优势，还在男子跳水、女子曲棍球等项目上实现了金牌“零的突破”。
不管最终的结果如何，为期16天的里约奥运明天就要闭幕了。尽管关于金牌数量的看法还有一些争议，但正如国家体育总局局长刘鹏所总结的：
我认为“唯金牌论”是错误的，金牌多少无所谓，也是错误的。
毕竟每一次看见五星红旗升起，每一次听到国歌奏响，相信很多人跟外事儿（微信ID：xjb-waishier）一样，总会莫名的感动和自豪！
谢谢你们，里约奥运的中国健儿们！4年后我们东京再见！
责任编辑：高玉营
文章关键词： 奥运会 金牌数
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