Chinese scientists recover the submarine thousands of meters below the sea 13 breakthroughs | expedition | sea _ news
On August 23, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, held press conferences, announced China's first comprehensive m deep scientific action a success, and made a series of important achievements. This marked the first time China's deep sea expedition into the "era of million meters."
China's first million meter diving expedition 13 breakthroughs
The Chinese Academy of Sciences "research first" ship from June 22 to August 12 this year, in the Mariana Trench, Challenger deep in Wan meters deep, was China's first comprehensive scientific expedition activities carried out 84 research tasks, in the field of international and domestic deep-sea won a total of 13 break.
The Chinese Academy of Sciences "research first" ship (photo courtesy of Chinese Academy of Sciences) 3 international deep sea areas a breakthrough
① million meters in depth, "in-situ experiment" lifts carrying experimental equipment on the sea floor of the abyss successfully conducted the cultivation experiment of nitrogen cycle in the bottom of the abyss, "end of" abyss Lander single Gets a lot of sea water (greater than 100), which has no precedent in the international equivalent or similar equipment.
"In-situ experiment," vehicle
II the use of Chinese-made ocean bottom seismograph for the first time in the Challenger deep active source seismic exploration in the West managed to get a complete seismic profiles. Seismographs recorded data integrity, collected a third occurs in the Mariana Trench since 1900 is greater than the magnitude 7.7 earthquake signals.
Use the winch system and sediment sampling equipment, gained 9150 meters depth of box-type sediment samples, created a deepwater equipment operation of depth with the new record of the same type.
10 deep domestic field breakthrough
China independently developed the "Sea-Doo" unmanned submersibles, successfully conducted a 8-kilometer class, two classes 9-kilometer and liangciwan m dive, 10767 metres maximum diving depth. "Sea-Doo" became China's first dive to depths greater than million meters and the scientific application of unmanned autonomous underwater vehicles, unmanned submersibles, China created the maximum dive depth records, made China the following day, third after the United States has developed universal meter unmanned submersibles capable States.
"Sea-Doo" million meter autonomous remotely operated vehicle② China autonomous underwater glider depth 5751 meters, close to the current international underwater glider maximum dive depth (6000 meters), setting a maximum dive depth of China's underwater glider record.
China-made ocean bottom seismograph working depth for the first time above 7000 meters. This voyage spent a total of 9 sets of seismographs, instrument recoveries 100%, 7731 metres maximum operating depth, refresh the Chinese seismograph working depth of the new record.
Ocean bottom seismographsAbout China's independently developed the "Cape" and "horizon" number Lander of the abyss, "in-situ experiment", abyss regulator carried 17 times a deep dive, in which "end" and "in-situ experiment" triple million meters of depth, maximum depth of 10935 m, stay in deep water operations for more than 12 hours.
"The Cape" Lander
"The horizon" Lander⑤ "research first" ship as 4500 meters and meters in China's manned/unmanned submersibles mother ship and comprehensive expedition Sea Doo abyss platform, with a conventional detection at the 6500 meters deep ocean operations and support thousands of meters deep diving expedition to their ability to work.
⑥ "Sea-Doo" successful unmanned submersibles, 2 9-kilometer and 2tiaowan meters of water temperature and salinity data. This is China's first million meters of temperature and salinity profile data.
⑦ abyss by Lander and regulator conducted a total of 13 potential trapping experiment, get over more than 2000 biological samples, including hook lionfish and unknown species of shrimp, exclusive of the abyss. This is China's first exclusive characteristic of the abyss of lionfish and thousands of meters deep biological samples.
⑧ using ship-borne sediment sampling equipment and the abyss Lander successfully gained the deep seabed sediment samples complete the sequence.
Krispy Kreme using ship-borne water sampler, abyss Lander, lift, complete sequences of the Mariana Trench depth of successful water, maximum depth of 10900 m.
⑩ abyss through a lander equipped with independent research and development of in-situ fixtures completed ten stations of water in situ microbial collection, 7850 metres maximum depth of sampling experiments, single volume up to 150 litres of filtered water.
Across thousands of meters deep area to shorten gap with pioneer countries
President Bai chunli, CAs said that results of this voyage, shows that thousands of meters deep ocean technology sector, China is no longer off-limits, the depth of the voyage obtained complete sequence of in-situ data and samples of water, sediment and biological, fill the deep especially on China for a long time unable to get super million metres of data and the sample blank. The voyage successfully shortened the China and the United States, Japan, Britain and other deep sea Doo scientific pioneer countries in million meters gaps in research capacity, marks China's deep research into meter times.
Responsible editor: Zheng Hanxing
Article keywords:Expedition sea
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中国科学家取回海底万米以下海水 取得13项突破|科考|海水_新闻资讯
8月23日，中科院举行发布会，宣布中国第一次综合性万米深渊科考行动圆满成功，并取得了一系列重要成果。这标志着中国深海科考首次进入“万米时代”。
中国首次万米深潜科考取得13项突破
中科院“探索一号”船于今年6月22日至8月12日期间，在马里亚纳海沟挑战者深渊开展了中国第一次综合性万米深渊科考活动，执行了84项科考任务，在国际和国内深海领域共取得13项突破。
△中国科学院“探索一号”船（中科院供图） 3项国际深海领域突破
①在万米深度，“原位实验”号深渊升降器搭载实验装置在海底成功进行了深渊底部氮循环的原位培养实验、“天涯”号深渊着陆器单次获取大量海底水样（大于100升），这在国际同等或类似装备上都无先例。
△“原位实验号”运载器 ②使用中国国产海底地震仪首次在挑战者深渊西部开展主动源人工地震勘探，成功获得一条完整地震剖面。地震仪记录数据完整，采集到了自1900年以来第三次发生在马里亚纳海沟大于7.7级的天然地震信号。
③利用船载绞车系统和沉积物采样设备，获得了9150米水深的箱式沉积物样品，创造了同类型深海装备作业深度的新记录。
10项国内深海领域突破
①中国自主研制的“海斗”号无人潜水器成功进行了一次八千米级、两次九千米级和两次万米级下潜应用，最大潜深达10767米。“海斗”号成为中国首台下潜深度超过万米并进行科考应用的无人自主潜水器，创造了中国无人潜水器的最大下潜及作业深度记录，使中国成为继日、美两国之后第三个拥有研制万米级无人潜水器能力的国家。
△“海斗”号万米级自主遥控潜水器 ②中国自主研制的水下滑翔机下潜深度达到5751米，接近目前国际上水下滑翔机最大下潜深度（6000米），创下了中国水下滑翔机的最大下潜深度记录。
③中国国产海底地震仪工作深度首次突破7000米。本航次共投放了9台地震仪，仪器回收率100%，最大工作深度达7731米，刷新了中国国产地震仪工作水深的新记录。
△海底地震仪 ④中国自主研制的“海角”号和“天涯”号深渊着陆器、“原位实验”号深渊升降器共进行17次大深度下潜，其中“天涯”和“原位实验”号三次突破万米深度，最大深度达10935米，在海底停留作业皆超过12小时。
△“海角”号着陆器△“天涯”号着陆器 ⑤“探索一号”船作为中国4500米和万米载人/无人潜水器母船以及综合性海斗深渊科考作业平台，具备了6500米以深海洋的常规探测作业以及支撑万米深潜科考作业的能力。
⑥利用“海斗”号无人潜水器成功获得了2条九千米级和2条万米级水柱的温盐深数据。这是中国获得的第一批万米温盐深剖面数据。
⑦通过深渊着陆器和升降器共进行了13个潜次的大生物诱捕实验，获取两千余个大生物样品，其中包括钩虾、深渊专属的狮子鱼以及未知物种。这是中国首次获得具有深渊专属特性的狮子鱼以及万米水深的大生物样品。
⑧利用船载沉积物采集装备和深渊着陆器，成功获得了深度序列完整的海底沉积物样本。
⑨利用船载采水器、深渊着陆器、升降器，成功获得了深度序列完整的马里亚纳海沟水样，最大采样深度达10900米。
⑩通过深渊着陆器搭载自主研发的原位固定装置完成了近十个站位的原位水体微生物收集工作，采样实验的最大深度达7850米，单次过滤水样体积达150升。
跨越万米深海禁区 缩短与先驱国家差距
中国科学院院长白春礼表示，本航次取得的成果，表明了万米深海已不再是中国海洋科技界的禁区，此次航次所获得的深度序列完整的原位探测数据及水体、沉积物和大生物样本，填补了中国长期以来无法获得超大深度特别是万米海底数据和样品的空白。本航次的成功缩短了中国与美、日、英等世界海斗深渊科考先驱国家在万米科考能力上的差距，标志了中国的深潜科考开始进入万米时代。
责任编辑：郑汉星
文章关键词： 科考 海水
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