Campus loan mess is more than: female college student debt-net loan of 70,000 yuan to buy clothes, school loans, college students-IT information
Since 2016, committed suicide by jumping from students unable to repay loans, "naked" lending, campus lending, especially campus credit spurred concern.
In April, the General Office of the Ministry of education, the Joint Office of the CBRC issued "on campus bad lending risk prevention and education work of the network." At the local level, recently, the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, the municipal finance Office of the CBRC, Chongqing jointly issued for financial institutions and universities 8 negative inventory, standard campus credits. Including not only with student ID card, student card-Lite loans; without the second payment source, such as a written consent of parents, guardians, shall not be issued to the student loan no fees, late fees and other name issue of usury, and so on.
From "naked" borrowing "video" lending and borrowing endlessly. Recently, this reporter learned that, in College, there were "ious manner deduction of deposit" lending practices.
? Network with map
After several rounds of "old and new", owes nearly 70,000 yuan
In early June, a Guangzhou college student package (a pseudonym), and students in street fancy dress, but closer to the holiday cash-strapped but was forced to abandon the purchase. After returning to school, packets accidentally saw in the micro-circle of friends about "borrowing treasure" information. Give it a try, small bags and immediately download and install the "lending treasures" App.
Contact "borrowing treasure" before, through Alipay packet once had "borrowed" (has now been changed to "net credits") loan experience.
By "borrowing treasure" platform loan, borrowers borrow friends spontaneous, the platform does not in itself provide lending services. Loans people can release their own mark, set by loan amount, interest rate and time, lenders can rely on knowledge of the credit status of the borrower to evaluate whether or not to lend money to each other.
According to materials provided by the package, reporters learned that on June 9, the packet through the "lending treasures" contacted one of the lenders, and himself over the chat tool QQ ID photos, student ID photo and other information to each other after successfully "borrow treasure" platform has a 1000 Yuan loan contracts, commonly known as ious. According to this IOU , small package with effect from today to a lender borrowed 1000 Yuan, interest calculated in accordance with annual interest rate 18%, borrowing time for a week .
If the IOU's content, then a week later packets total repayment of principal and interest totalling approximately 1004. But a week later, packets to repay a total of 1507, and she actually lend money got only 800 Yuan .
Chat in a small package with the lender before borrowing record reporter saw lenders have stated that the parcel is still in school, itself do not have earning capacity, the small package in addition to information such as passport photos, additional 500 Yuan deposit. This is 500 Yuan deposit means you need packet "borrowing treasure" platform for another 500 worth of IOU. Moreover, in addition to the two sides in the treasure platform agreed on rates of borrowing to pay interest, small packages also need private lender paid 20% interest on the borrowed amount. Both sides agreed, lenders will lend 1500 packets. Packets later through other channels (Alipay, micro-credit, such as QQ), 500 Yuan and 200 Yuan deposit interest to the lender. Under the agreement, if unable to pay 1000 Yuan loan within a week, 500 Yuan deposit will not be returned to the packet. Meanwhile, lending this 500 worth of IOU on the Po will be processed in accordance with late penalties.
Small package, told reporters he also thought it was this way of borrowing a bit harsh, but eager to spend money they do not have too much to consider. A week later, packets are still unable to pay the 1500 Yuan loan, but because I'm sorry to the parents ask, she adopted "borrowing treasure" to apply for a second loan in the same way. In other words, to pay off the first debt, small bags once again by signing 4000 worth of ious borrowed 1600 Yuan. In this way, in less than a month's time, after several rounds of "old and new", small package by "borrowing treasure" platform borrowing accumulated debt reached nearly 70,000 yuan, of which nearly 50,000 worth of ious are in the form of deposits "loaned", deposit amounts range from 50% to 200% of the loan. While packets real borrowing money was less than 10,000 yuan .
Someone to do the mediation and introduce borrowing against debt
Reporter learned that, in addition to the above amount, part of the money also additional payment to a third person a small package called "agency fee" payments. This amount accounted for most of the amount of money borrowed by 10%. And act as "intermediaries" third party's main task is to help small successful package and no credit history borrowing from the lender to hand.
Packet told reporters that because of the information they can provide is limited, and aren't willing to promise to "naked" (naked pictures of handheld ID card as collateral) requirements, some lenders are not willing to lend money to their own. Introduced in the same dormitory students she met through QQ groups and micro-groups a group of self-proclaimed "intermediary" person. These "intermediary" that could help introduce some unwanted credit verification and any mortgage loan company gives students like a packet to address the urgent moment, provided that all borrowing by "lending treasures" platform, but also to charge a certain amount of "agency fee".
Packets, these "intermediaries" are not all people who do not know, and some of them are, and her school, class, and even a dormitory students, and even small bags used as "intermediaries", introduces her classmates to meet lenders, and he earned 100 Yuan fee.
Packets in the same schools with Miao Wang (not his real name), told reporters that himself and a few friends around you have to serve as "intermediaries" experience. Miao Wang once in small packages and similar way owed nearly 30,000 yuan, after expressed their inability to repay, lenders give Miao Wang "intermediary" approach. According to Miao Wang introduced, lender commitments themselves each a 1000 Yuan loan, you can offset the debt of nearly 200 Yuan. In addition, collecting 100 Yuan Miao Wang, a student fee. But Miao Wang also said that such things don't continue after several times I'm doing, because see students struggling to repay sums in a hurry look "guilty". In addition to such as Miao Wang as an "intermediary" offset than those arrears, some students were "Shanghaied," want this way to make some extra money. Miao Wang, unclear whether students how many people do the work, but still feel "pretty people".
Attorney: lender loan irregularities
Since starting in mid-June, packets borrowed most of the money has already started late. According to the loan agreement signed at the platform, the borrower fails to repay the loan principal and interest, all arrears will be calculated on the annual interest rate 24% penalty interest lenders, and began to calculate overdue fees. A sudden, packet phone start to receive reminder calls and text messages. Lending treasures, as well as money lenders started calling her. Packet for the press text as shown in the screenshot, part of the tone of the lender and you're welcome, and threatened her not to hide just fine, no more money will be "horrible things".
But small bag is forced to turn to their parents for help, then parents with small bag report to a local police station. Police said due to collection letters currently does not have any actual behavior, so it's hard to text messages or phone calls based on the identified threats. Police told a small package, she only needs to pay the arrears can be identified, the so-called "deposit" arrears resulting from alleged fraud she has reason to refuse to pay.
Beijing Dacheng Law firm partner Xiao SA told reporters at small events in the borrowing process exists in the situation of violation of, mainly reflected in the lender interest in small packets of money privately. Xiao SA said, according to the contract law article No. 200: "loan interest shall be deducted from the principal in advance. Deduction for interest on the principal in advance shall be calculated according to the actual amount borrowed and repays the loan interest. "In addition, the" deposit "in arrears, saying that if Shaw from the conclusion of the contract, to consider small package does not have intention to borrow, not set up by that part of the loan contract.
In addition, SA, said Xiao, Bao as lending intermediary platform shall have an obligation to review the qualifications of borrowers, including the information of lenders, anti-fraud measures taken. However, due to the current specification of intermediary services have not been officially promulgated, borrow is unable to determine whether treasures should be held legally responsible. She suggests information packet Bao provides lenders, borrowers, and prosecute lenders of collection actions against their personal interests. She said that as far as the loan contract, despite the two sides agree on lending treasures of interest does not exceed the annual rate of 24%, but both sides in private loan contract if the contract rate exceeds the annual rate of 36%, the portion of interest agreement null and void. So packets may require the lender return excess borrowing.
Borrowing Po response cannot unilaterally terminate the contract
Subsequent packets of the China economic weekly event with the "lending treasures" made contact. "Borrowing Bao" said some lenders to "deposit" in the form of small packets signed "IOU" thing did not know, "borrowing treasure" is itself a available to the person who has a friend conducts lending platform, the platform does not in itself provide lending services, does not recommend users "borrowing treasure" lending transactions with people you don't know.
"Borrowing treasure" told reporters that the current platform has global risk lines adjustment, reduce risks of irrational lending space especially for special quotas to protect 18~22sui college student groups, borrowing ceiling 8000 Yuan per capita to meet the temporary demand for microfinance.
Packet's parents told reporters, his daughter owed money will be returned, but they only admit that the actual loan, with regard to "deposit" amounts owed, packets of parents don't need to take, in order to "lending treasures" platforms may be exempted from these amounts. In response to this demand, "borrowing Bao" said Bao platform has been produced on taking out a loan jointly signed the loan agreements, trading platform for users to bypass the normal repayment process, lending treasures as the third party of the creditor and the debtor cannot unilaterally terminate the contract.
For small packages, taking into consideration the "lending treasures" recommends that the packets remain about with the lender "deposit" chat and transfer records, legal ways to address the problem, "borrowing treasure" will also provide the lender's legal information to help package. Platform now have online self-help criminal reporting function, users can self within the client to download the relevant documentary evidence containing the treasure in lending transactions data, report template Guide, and indictment of criminal, to the police, to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. If justice can finally take her to provide evidence of borrowing treasure would be deducted and she should not take part.
For packet, however, it is difficult to give evidence has become her biggest problem now. Due to their cell phone information to lenders, packages of iPhone has been locked by lenders remote cannot be used, packets cannot log on "lending treasures" check your borrowing record, also could not provide any evidence by chat software.
校园借贷乱象不止：女大学生为买衣服欠7万元债务 - 网贷,校园贷,大学生 - IT资讯
2016年以来，从大学生因无力偿还贷款而跳楼自杀，到“裸条”借贷，校园借贷，特别是校园网贷持续引发外界关注。
今年4月，教育部办公厅联合银监会办公厅印发“关于加强校园不良网络借贷风险防范和教育引导工作的通知”。在地方层面，近日，重庆市教委、市金融办、重庆银监局联合发文，为金融机构和高校列出8项负面清单，规范校园网贷行为。其中包括不得仅凭学生身份证、学生证等低门槛方式发放贷款；未取得家长、监护人等第二还款来源方书面同意，不得向学生发放贷款；不得以手续费、滞纳金等各种名义变相发放高利贷等内容。
从“裸条”借贷到“视频”放贷，各种借贷方式层出不穷。记者日前得知，在高校内，出现了“以打借条的方式扣取押金”的借贷方式。
▲网络配图
经过几轮“借新还旧”，欠下近7万元
6月初，广州一所高校的学生小包（化名）和同学在逛街时看中了一件衣服，无奈于临近放假囊中羞涩而被迫放弃购买。回到学校后，小包无意中在微信朋友圈里看到了有关“借贷宝”的信息。出于试一试的心理，小包当即下载并安装了“借贷宝”App。
在接触“借贷宝”之前，小包曾经有过通过支付宝“借呗”（现已改为“网商贷”）借款的经历。
通过“借贷宝”平台借款，借贷双方基于好友关系自发进行借贷，平台本身并不提供放贷服务。借款人可以自行发布借款标，自行设定借款钱数、利率和时间等，出借人可以凭借对借款人的信用情况的了解自行评估是否借钱给对方。
根据小包提供的材料，记者了解到，6月9日，小包通过“借贷宝”联系上一名出借人，并通过聊天工具QQ将自己的身份证照片、学生证照片和其他信息发送给对方后，成功地在“借贷宝”平台上完成了一份1000元的借贷合同，即俗称的借条。这份借条显示，小包自即日起向出借人借款1000元，利息按照年利率18%进行计算，借款时间为一个星期。
如果按照这张借条的内容，那么一周之后小包一共需要还款本息总计约1004元。但是事实上一周之后，小包一共偿还了1507元，而她实际借到手的款项只有800元。
在小包借款前与出借人的聊天记录中记者看到，出借人表示由于小包仍然是在校学生，本身并不具备收入能力，要求小包除提供证件照片等信息以外，另外提供500元的押金。这500元押金的收取方式则是需要小包在“借贷宝”平台上再打一张500元的借条。此外，除了以双方在借贷宝平台上约定的利率支付利息外，小包还需要私下向出借人一次性支付借款额20%的利息。双方达成一致后，出借人将1500元出借给小包。小包随后通过其他渠道（支付宝、微信、QQ等），将500元押金和200元利息转给出借人。根据双方的约定，如果小包一周之内无法偿还1000元借款，那么500元押金将不再退还给小包。与此同时，借贷宝上的这张500元的借条也会按照逾期做罚息处理。
小包告诉记者，自己一开始也认为这样的借款方式有些苛刻，但是急于用钱便没有过多考虑。一周以后，小包仍然无力偿还这1500元的借款，但是由于不好意思向父母开口，她便通过“借贷宝”以同样的方式申请了第二笔借款。也就是说，为了偿还第一笔债务，小包又一次通过签署4000元的借条借到了1600元。就这样，在不到一个月的时间里，经过几轮“借新还旧”，小包通过“借贷宝”平台借款所累积的债务就达到了近7万元，其中有近5万元的借条是以押金的形式“借出”的，押金金额由所借款项的50%到200%不等。而此时小包真正借到手的款项还不到1万元。
同学做中介，介绍借款抵债务
记者了解到，除了以上的款项外，部分借款中小包还额外向第三人支付了一种名为“中介费”的款项。这笔款项的金额大多占所借款项的10%。而充当“中介”的第三人主要任务就是帮助并没有信用记录的小包成功从出借人手中拿到借款。
小包告诉记者，由于自己所能提供的信息有限，而且不愿意答应“裸持”（以手持身份证的裸照为抵押）的要求，一些出借人一开始并不愿意将钱借给自己。在同宿舍同学的介绍下，她通过QQ群及微信群认识了一帮自称“中介”的人。这些“中介”表示，可以帮忙介绍一些不需要信用核实和任何抵押的借款公司给像小包一样的大学生来解决一时之急，前提是所有借款必须通过“借贷宝”平台，而且要收取一定数额的“中介费”。
小包介绍，这些“中介”并不都是不认识的人，其中有些人就是和她一个学校、一个班级甚至一个宿舍的同学，甚至就连小包自己都充当过“中介”，介绍同班同学给出借人认识，并从中赚取了100元中介费。
与小包在同一所高校就读的王淼（化名）告诉记者，自己和自己身边的几个朋友都有过充当“中介”的经历。王淼曾经和以小包相似的方式欠下近3万元，在表示自己无力偿还后，出借人教给王淼做“中介”的方法。据王淼介绍，出借人承诺，自己每成功介绍一笔1000元的借款，就可以抵消近200元的债务。除此之外，王淼还可以从同学那里收取100元的中介费。但王淼同样表示，这样的事情自己在做过几次以后就不再继续了，因为看到同学难以偿还款项着急的样子“特别愧疚”。除了像王淼这样靠做“中介”抵消欠款的人以外，还有一些同学是被“忽悠”而想依靠这种方式赚些外快。王淼表示，不清楚同学里到底有多少人在做这件事，但是感觉还是“蛮多人的”。
律师：出借人借款中存在违规操作
自6月中旬开始，小包所借的款项大部分已经开始逾期。根据当初在平台签订的借款协议，借款人逾期未偿还借款本金和利息，所有欠款将按年利率24%计算罚息给予出借人，并且开始计算逾期费用。一时之间，小包的手机上开始不停地接到各种催款电话和短信。借贷宝方面，以及出借人开始催她还钱。小包提供给记者的短信截图所示，部分出借人的语气并不客气，并且威胁她不要以为躲起来就没事了，再不还钱就会有“恐怖的事情发生”。
无奈的小包只好向父母求助，随后父母带着小包向当地的派出所报警。派出所表示，由于催款人目前并没有任何实际行为，所以很难以短信或者电话为依据认定造成威胁。派出所同时告诉小包，她只需要偿还自己认定的欠款即可，所谓的“押金”导致的欠款涉嫌欺诈行为，她有理由拒绝还款。
北京大成律师事务所合伙人肖飒告诉记者，在小包的事件中，借贷过程中确实存在违规的情况，主要体现在出借人在给小包借款时私下扣除利息。肖飒表示，根据中国《合同法》第二百条规定：“借款的利息不得预先在本金中扣除。利息预先在本金中扣除的，应当按照实际借款数额返还借款并计算利息。”此外，针对“押金”产生的欠款，肖飒认为如果从合同订立的目的考虑，小包不具有借款的意思表示，该部分借款合同存在不成立的可能。
此外，肖飒表示，借贷宝作为中介平台，应当有义务审查借贷双方的资质，包括审查出借人的信息，采取反欺诈措施。但是，由于目前中介业务规范尚未正式颁布，无法认定借贷宝是否应当承担法律责任。因此她建议小包要求借贷宝提供出借人的信息，并起诉出借人的催收行为侵害其人身权益。她表示，就借款合同而言，尽管双方在借贷宝上约定的利率未超过年利率24%，但是双方私下的借贷合同中如果出现约定利率超过年利率36%，超过部分的利息约定无效。所以小包可以要求出借人返还超额借款。
借贷宝回应，无法单方面解除借款合同
《中国经济周刊》随后就小包的事件与“借贷宝”取得了联系。“借贷宝”方面表示，对于部分出借人以“押金”的形式使小包签下“借条”的事情并不知情，“借贷宝”本身是一个提供给有好友关系的人自发进行借贷的平台，平台本身并不提供放贷服务，也不建议用户通过“借贷宝”与不认识的人进行借贷交易。
“借贷宝”方面告诉记者，目前平台已进行全局风控额度调整，降低用户不理性借贷的风险空间；尤其对于18~22岁在校大学生群体进行特别限额保护，人均借款额度上限8000元，满足临时小额借贷需求。
小包的父母向记者表示，自己女儿所欠的款项一定会归还，但是他们仅承认实际借款，至于以“押金”形式欠下的款项，小包的父母认为自己并不需要承担，希望“借贷宝”平台可以免除这些欠款。针对这一诉求，“借贷宝”方面表示，借贷宝平台上已经产生了双方共同签署的借贷协议，用户绕过平台正常还款程序进行交易，借贷宝作为债权人和债务人之外的第三方无法单方面解除合同。
出于小包的情况考虑，“借贷宝”方面建议小包保留自己与出借人之间有关“押金”的聊天记录和转账记录，走法律途径解决问题，“借贷宝”方面也会合法提供出借人的信息来帮助小包。目前平台已经上线自助刑事报案功能，用户可在客户端内自助下载相关证据材料，包含用户在借贷宝的交易数据、刑事报案指南、控告书模板等，主动向公安机关报案，维护自身合法权益。如果司法最终能采纳她提供的证据，借贷宝也将扣减她不应承担的部分。
但是对于小包来说，难以提供证据已经成为她现在最大的难题。由于将自己手机信息提供给出借人，小包的iPhone已经被出借人远程锁定无法使用，小包不仅无法登录“借贷宝”查看自己的借贷记录，也无法通过聊天软件提供任何证据。