NET about cars, to be brought up a taxi? -Web about cars, taxi-IT information

NET is released about interim measures for the administration of "full moon", but the slow pace of development of local rules. Recently, there have been about car places available network management rules draft, sets strict limits on the entry, operation, and controversial. Public concerns, net about onto the old taxi management car management.

Local network rules about car development and taxi reforms are affecting the livelihood of hundreds of millions of people, nerve key reforms, is to observe the local reform execution, decentralization effect and people get a sense of the wind vane. How to avoid some local network management "old wine in a new bottle", or even reform "landing bias", is placed in front of the local government at all levels of the new exam.

About car network "pipes" into a taxi?

Ministry and other departments jointly issued the interim measures for the administration of network booking taxi business service (hereinafter referred to as the interim measures) and further reform of China's State Council issued the Declaration on promoting healthy development of taxi industry guidelines (hereinafter referred to as guidelines), after the applause. Net volume and price rules about vehicle access standards, operating, according to the regulation are decided by local governments.

Therefore, the network about the ground rules of the policy into focus. Lanzhou, Jinan and other places now have social group nets about a car or taxi drivers implementing rules for public comment, from an already disclosed place for comments, may have different characteristics, but on the net about the number, operating standards with strict threshold.

NET about vehicle positioned above the parade car. Lanzhou City Transportation Department official said that the net about whether models, quality, configuration is better than ordinary cruising taxis, price is also higher than the parade cars. According to Jinan Transportation Management Center, Jinan and the deepening of the taxi Association taxi company issued 11 answer taxi reform hot topics, Jinan network about cars and parade positioning is different, "nets about vehicle grades should be significantly higher than that of the local parade taxi, differentiate high-quality travel services to the public. ”

NET about the implementation of quantitative restrictions. Lanzhou City Transportation Department official said that the scale about development of Lanzhou city will strictly control network, according to the market needs rational about car put on the number of network, the access port on the network about the implementation of reasonable control. According to estimates, operational vehicle saturation should be around 15,000 vehicles in Lanzhou city, and Lanzhou city taxi population is 10,000 unit, together with the Government for the next two-year spending on taxi, should reach 12,000 units. According to this calculation, leaving net about the number of cars was only about 3,000 vehicles.

NET about car operations have more stringent requirements. According to Jinan for advice programmes, Web about cars are limited in the b-class or above, and sprayed with exclusive identity. According to the provisional rules, the net force scrap car mileage reaches about 600,000 kilometers, mileage falls short of 600,000 km life span up to 8 years, quit the network about the car business.

Wang, an associate professor at the University of politics and law, China believes that once the number of local Government on the net about strict controls and price controls, network about it no different from traditional taxi, just by moving the Internet taxi booking only.

Reform of "ownership" interest "umbrella"?

Network policy for comments about car version of the disclosure led many people, drivers and experts expressed concern, some people think that these rules did not reflect in the brewing, traffic, and public documents, as well as sharing characteristics of economic, we're back to the old control for taxi.

Company Vice President Wang Xin said to the last drop, Lanzhou, Jinan comment version rules of some specific provisions inconsistent with the interim measures. For example, a request about the nets logo, taxi invoices, with taxi 6 years out, this evidence could not be found in the interim measures. Restrictions on the net about the number, which requires models and prices must be higher than the taxi, priced by the Government, but followed the number of the taxi industry, price controls, and market-leading spirit, taking the people's interests as the starting point of the policy .

Some local network owners also worry that some networks about quantitative restrictions raised "fries" and rent-seeking activities . Nanjing car company official Yin Hao said that most concern network in place rules about car models, price and quantity restrictions. Yin Hao believes that current disclosure of some draft to provide differentiated services as an excuse to overstating net about vehicle operational model requirements, can cause actual operating cost. And local authorities want to net about cars, strict price controls, is a Government "offside" behavior on the net about the car market to promote development.

"Now, the Lanzhou net about has to have exceeded 10,000 units, if you want to control the size of 3,000 vehicles, on the one hand about truck drivers would end up most of the network's ' rice bowl ', on the other hand will make the scarce resources of the net about vehicle license plate becomes hot. This will create the conditions for rent seeking, corruption? "Maryland citizens, Chen voiced his concerns to reporters.

Many people also "taxi" will concern on the deterioration. A network about truck drivers said to reporters in Jinan, Jinan would like to set the net about grades as "should be significantly higher than that of the local parade taxi". But from the current situation, and brewing conditions possible for Jinan network about "routed".

Hefei, car-citizens have been using net Chen Mengyang said: "whether a limit on the number or the model grade higher than a taxi, will inevitably lead to net about reducing the number of cars that can be available. In addition, once the request about the nets the prices significantly higher than the cab of the vehicle, people will have to pay higher costs. ”

Top design floor how uncompromising the reform?

Why reflect net about interim measures of deepening the commitment to reform was launched, the netizens won unanimous applause, but places for comments rules leave many netizens call "reform French taste"?

Surveyed experts believe, the key is to adopt local rules set, make about cars and taxis through the innovation of technology and management, more efficient and effective services in a fair competition, better able to meet the demand of the masses. Places to take administrative measures to enforce "misplaced operation" does not conform to the spirit of reform.

Wang, an associate professor at the University of politics and law, China said in the net about the car before the taxi industry there is discord. While "money" taxi driver dissatisfaction with the other hand, some local taxi right after layers of subcontracting or transfer, formation of entrenched interests, the Government issued a new licence or recover the old raised when the licence of a licence holder to resist. Therefore, restricting the network about car development does not mean that we can solve the problems the taxi.

Latest statistical report on the Internet development in China showed that first half of 2016, Internet booking taxi users to reach 159 million people, Internet booking car user size of 122 million people. Drops according to the data provided, currently on the drop platform including car, ride a total of 15 million registered drivers, which from the production industry groups over millions of drivers in this part, about 15% from workers laid off from full-time driving, more than 80% of the driver driving part-time in the platform.

"Judging from survey to the last drop, productivity drivers choose to join with drops of motivation is on top of the job to earn extra money to support your family. For them, open net about a car is a kind of access to new employment opportunities and living options. "Wang Xin believes that once the rules fall implementation similar to the Lanzhou, Jinan, some drivers will lose the flexibility of employment opportunities, steady income will also be affected.

"To protect the interests of taxi operators, ensuring smooth transition for new execution States, and common development, the key to change traditional taxi management system, redefine the responsibilities of enterprises and drivers, taxi front-line practitioners ' lightening ' and gradually make the supervision modes of taxi move closer to the nets about a car. "Wang believes that excessive control on the net about cars, not only fail to solve the old problem of execution state, but also would bind the new format development, local governments must be carefully considered.

" Under the environment of market economy, city travel to innovate, to have a differentiated service. But how to achieve differentiation, which is not stipulated by the Government . "The center of China's national development and Reform Commission, the city comprehensive traffic planning Institute's Director, Zhang said that the urban transport plan should follow the laws of the market, what kind of price is the most reasonable, who can provide travel services, how many cars the most suitable, these provisions should not use administrative commands, stakeholders should be allowed on the market in the full game, to reach a dynamic equilibrium .

School of management, Lanzhou University Professor He Wencheng said that in "Internet +" era, both for taxi, also is on the Web about cars, you should let go of control, for its development, "relax". Local NET about car rules are formulated, should encourage fair competition, balance the interests of all parties, should not be "safe" to limit the development of new formats.

网约车，要被调教成出租车？ - 网约车,出租车 - IT资讯

网约车管理暂行办法公布即将“满月”，但地方细则的制定却步伐缓慢。最近，有地方陆续公布网约车管理细则的征求意见稿，在准入门槛、运营方式上做出严格限制，引发争议。公众担忧，网约车管理会驶上出租车管理的老路。

地方网约车细则制定和出租车改革是牵动数亿百姓神经的民生领域重点改革，更是观察地方改革执行力、简政放权成效和百姓获得感的风向标。如何避免地方网约车管理“新瓶装旧酒”，甚至出现改革“落地偏差”，是摆在各级地方政府面前的新考题。

有地方要把网约车“管”成出租车？

交通部等部门联合出台的《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》（以下简称暂行办法）和中国国务院办公厅印发的《关于深化改革推进出租汽车行业健康发展的指导意见》（以下简称指导意见），出台后叫好声一片。但网约车准入标准、运营数量和价格细则，根据规定则由地方政府决定。

因此，网约车政策的落地细则成为关注焦点。目前兰州、济南等地相继向社会或出租车司机群体就网约车实施细则征询意见，从已经披露的地方征求意见版看，虽各有特点，但对网约车数量、运营标准等均设有严格的门槛。

网约车的定位高于巡游车。兰州市城运处负责人表示，网约车无论是车型、质量、配置都要明显优于普通巡游出租车，价格也高于巡游车。根据济南运管中心和济南市出租汽车协会联合给出租车公司下发的《深化出租汽车改革热点问题11问答》，济南网约车和巡游车定位不同，“网约车车辆档次应明显高于当地主流巡游出租汽车，为市民提供高品质差异化出行服务。”

网约车实行数量限制。兰州市城运处负责人表示，兰州市将严格控制网约车发展规模，根据市场需求合理制定网约车投放数量，在准入端对网约车实行合理管控。根据估算，兰州市运营车辆饱和状态应该在1.5万辆左右，而目前兰州市出租车的保有量为1万辆，加上政府未来两年在出租车方面的投入，应该达到1.2万辆。照此计算，留给网约车的数量仅为3000辆左右。

网约车运营有更严格要求。根据济南征求意见的方案，网约车或被限定在B级车以上，而且要喷上专有标识。根据暂行办法规定，网约车行驶里程达到60万公里时强制报废，行驶里程未达到60万公里但使用年限达到8年时，退出网约车经营。

中国政法大学副教授王军认为，一旦地方政府部门对网约车采取严格数量管控和运价管制，网约车就与传统出租车无异，只不过是通过移动互联网预约的出租车而已。

改革“自主权”会成利益“保护伞”？

网约车政策地方征求意见版的披露令不少市民、司机和专家学者表示担忧，有人认为这些酝酿中的细则没有体现交通部和国办文件精神以及分享经济的特点，又要回到出租车的管控老路。

滴滴公司副总裁王欣表示，兰州、济南征求意见版本细则的有些具体规定与暂行办法相违背。例如，要求网约车进行统一标识、提供出租车发票、与出租车一样6年退出等，这在暂行办法中均找不到相关依据。而限制网约车数量、要求车型和价格必须高于出租车、由政府定价等，更是沿袭了出租车行业数量、价格管制的思路，与以市场为主导、以人民群众利益为出发点的政策精神不符。

一些地方网约车主还担心网约车数量限制引发“炒牌”和寻租行为。南京一家专车公司负责人殷浩表示，最关心网约车地方细则中对车型、价格和数量等的限制。殷浩认为，目前披露的一些征求意见稿一味地以提供差异化服务为借口，拔高网约车运营的车型要求，会造成实际运营中的成本浪费。而地方部门想要对网约车数量、价格进行严格管控，是一种政府“越位”的行为，对网约车运营市场的促进发展不利。

“现在，兰州市的网约车已经超过1万辆，如果非要控制在3000辆的规模，一方面会端掉多数网约车司机的‘饭碗’，另一方面又会使网约车牌照变成炙手可热的稀缺资源。这是否会为权力寻租、腐败创造条件？”兰州市民陈先生对记者说出了自己的担忧。

不少市民还对“打车难”会不会恶化提出担忧。济南一位网约车司机对记者说，济南想将网约车档次设定为“应明显高于当地主流巡游出租汽车”。但从现状来看，酝酿中的细则有可能让济南网约车“全军覆没”。

一直使用网约车出行的合肥市民陈梦阳说：“不管是对数量进行限制，还是车型档次要高于出租车，必然会导致可供市民选择的网约车数量减少。另外，一旦要求网约车的价格明显高于出租车，老百姓出行将付出更高成本。”

改革顶层设计落地如何不打折扣？

为何体现深化改革决心的网约车暂行办法出台后，赢得网民一致叫好，但地方征求意见版细则却让不少网民大呼“改革精神落地变味”？

受访专家认为，关键是要通过地方细则的制定，使网约车和出租车通过技术和管理创新，在公平竞争中提升效率和服务，更好地满足群众的出行需求。如果地方采取行政手段强制实行“错位经营”，并不符合改革精神。

中国政法大学副教授王军说，在网约车出现之前，出租车行业也存在不和谐因素。一方面“份子钱”令出租车司机不满；另一方面，一些地方的出租车经营权层层转包或者转让之后，形成盘根错节的利益关系，政府发放新牌照或者收回旧牌照时会引发牌照持有人抵制。因此，限制网约车发展并不意味着就能解决出租车存在的种种问题。

最新出台的《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示，2016年上半年，网络预约出租车用户规模为1.59亿人，网络预约专车类用户规模为1.22亿人。滴滴出行方面提供的数据则显示，目前滴滴平台上包括专车、顺风车等共有1500万注册司机，其中来自去产能行业的司机群体超百万，在这部分司机中，约15%已从企业下岗全职开车，超过80%的司机在平台上兼职开车。

“从滴滴调研情况来看，去产能行业司机选择加入滴滴的动机是为了在本职工作之余挣外快补贴家用。对他们来说，开网约车是一种获得新的就业机会和生活保障的选择。”王欣认为，一旦类似兰州、济南的细则落地实施，一些司机就会失去灵活就业机会，稳定的收入也会受影响。

“要保护出租车从业者利益，确保新旧业态平稳过渡、共同发展，关键要改变传统出租车僵化的管理体制，重新确定企业和司机的权责关系，为出租车一线从业者‘减负’，逐步使出租车的运营监管方式向网约车靠拢。”王军认为，对网约车过度管控，不仅不能解决旧业态的老问题，而且还会束缚新业态的发展，地方政府对此必须慎重考虑。

“市场经济环境下，城市出行要创新，要有差异化服务。但如何实现差异化，这些不是政府能规定的。”中国国家发展改革委员会城市中心综合交通规划院院长张国华说，城市交通规划要遵循市场规律，什么样的定价最合理，谁能提供出行服务，多少辆车最合适，这些都不宜用行政命令规定，应让各方利益主体在市场中充分博弈，以此达成行业动态平衡。

兰州大学管理学院教授何文盛说，在“互联网+”时代，无论是对出租车，还是对网约车，都应该放开管制，为其发展“松绑”。地方制定网约车实施细则，应该鼓励公平竞争，平衡各方利益，不应为了“求稳”就限制新业态发展。