Most urban 2088 Olympics cannot because of too heat-Olympics, weather-IT information

A study points out that, because of climate change, most cities around the world at 2,085 years later because it was too hot and no longer suitable to hold the summer games.

In the latest issue of the Lancet, the researchers reported the findings in the journal.

United States University of California, c. j. Bleeker environmental health researchers and Kirk Smith, head of the team, using climate models and measurement results of thermal stresses on the human body, analyzes the world's cities are suitable for hosting the summer Olympic Games in the future.

Researchers used a method known as wet-bulb global temperature measurements, this method includes air temperature, humidity and wind speed, how to have an impact on the human body, especially during exercise. Researchers at the high emissions scenario, this measuring method is using climate models to predict what it means for different cities in the future.

Researchers suggested that if wet-bulb global temperature is less than 26 degrees Celsius in the shade, you run a marathon the less dangerous. As for the marathon, if any place has more than 10% with the possibility of higher levels of city where the temperature is not a suitable match.

The study focused only on the northern hemisphere (about 90% of the world's population live here) of the city. The summer in July or August each year in these cities, so exclude those cities more than 1600 m above sea level. (At the 1968 Mexico Olympics, height above sea level became a problem. ) With the exclusion of the city with a population of less than 600,000.

Researchers end up in Western Europe has selected 25 2088 summer Olympic Games for the city--more than half of the city is located in the United Kingdom. In addition, only 8 left in the northern hemisphere cities for hosting the summer Olympic Games, including United States California San Francisco, Russia St Petersburg and Mongolia in Ulan Bator.

Also, according to the researchers calculated, city's bid for the 2020 summer games--Japan Tokyo, Spain Madrid and Turkey Istanbul-would not be a suitable to hold the summer Olympics.

Global warming is a natural phenomenon. Due to the burning of fossil fuels, such as petroleum, coal, or deforestation and burning it produces large amounts of carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas, greenhouse gas has high permeability to visible radiation from the Sun, and the longwave radiation emitted to the Earth are highly absorbent, can strongly absorbs radiation in the infrared, causing the Earth's temperature to rise, and the greenhouse effect. And when greenhouse gases continue to accumulate, resulting in the Earth-atmosphere system of absorption and emission of energy balance, energy accumulated in the Earth-atmosphere system continuously, thus causing the temperature to rise, resulting in the phenomenon of global warming. Global warming causes global precipitation redistribution, glaciers and permafrost melt, sea level rise, not only in natural ecosystem balance, and threaten the survival of mankind.

The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on climate change's fifth assessment report due out in 2013 pointed out that human impact on the climate system are clear, and that impact is growing, in the various continents of the world observed the implications. If unchecked, climate change will increase the human and ecosystem causing serious, widespread and the possibility of irreversible effects. However, current adaptation measures and stringent mitigation activities to ensure that the impact of climate change in a manageable range, thereby creating a better, more sustainable future.

大多数城市无法举办2088年奥运会，原因太热 - 奥运会,天气 - IT资讯

一项研究指出，由于气候变化，全世界的大多数城市在2085年之后将因为太热而不再适合举办夏季奥运会。

研究人员在最新出版的《柳叶刀》杂志上报告了这一研究成果。

由美国加利福尼亚大学伯利克分校环境与健康研究人员Kirk Smith率领的团队，利用气候模型以及对人体热应力的测量结果，分析了全世界的各个城市在未来是否适合举办夏季奥运会。

研究人员使用了一种被称为湿球全球温度的测量方法，该方法考虑了包括气温、湿度和风速在内的因素如何对人体产生影响，特别是在运动过程中。研究人员同时在高碳排放场景下，利用气候模型预测了这种测量方法在未来对于不同的城市意味着什么。

研究人员提出，如果湿球全球温度在阴凉处小于26摄氏度，则运动员跑一次马拉松比赛的危险程度较低。而对于马拉松比赛来说，如果任何地方有超过10%的可能性具有更高的温度则都不是一个适宜举办比赛的城市。

这项研究只聚焦了位于北半球（这里生活着全世界约90%的人口）的城市。这些城市的夏季出现在每年七八月份，因此排除了那些海拔超过1600米的城市。（在1968年于墨西哥举行的夏季奥运会上，海拔高度成为了一个问题。）同时排除的还有人口不足60万的城市。

研究人员最终在西欧选取了25个适合举办2088年夏季奥运会的城市——其中超过半数的城市位于英国。除此之外，在北半球只剩下8个城市适合举办夏季奥运会，其中包括美国加利福尼亚州旧金山、俄罗斯圣彼得堡和蒙古乌兰巴托。

同时根据研究人员的计算，申办2020年夏季奥运会的城市——日本东京、西班牙马德里和土耳其伊斯坦布尔——中将没有一个适合举办该届夏季奥运会。

全球气候变暖是一种自然现象。由于人们焚烧化石燃料，如石油，煤炭等，或砍伐森林并将其焚烧时会产生大量的二氧化碳，即温室气体，这些温室气体对来自太阳辐射的可见光具有高度透过性，而对地球发射出来的长波辐射具有高度吸收性，能强烈吸收地面辐射中的红外线，导致地球温度上升，即温室效应。而当温室效应不断积累，导致地气系统吸收与发射的能量不平衡，能量不断在地气系统累积，从而导致温度上升，造成全球气候变暖这一现象。全球变暖会使全球降水量重新分配、冰川和冻土消融、海平面上升等，不仅危害自然生态系统的平衡，还威胁人类的生存。

联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会于2013年发布的《第五次评估报告》指出，人类对气候系统的影响是明确的，而且这种影响在不断增强，在世界各个大洲都已观测到种种影响。如果任其发展，气候变化将会增强对人类和生态系统造成严重、普遍和不可逆转影响的可能性。然而，当前有适应气候变化的办法，而实施严格的减缓活动可确保将气候变化的影响保持在可管理的范围内，从而可创造更美好、更可持续的未来。