Visit sperm bank in China: sperm donors are college students, families waiting in line 1-sperm bank donation, sperm donation-IT information

In August, after a one-year trial operation, Peking University third hospital human sperm bank was granted formal operation.

As the city's second formal institutions approved by the health Administrative Department, coming here will assume volunteer donate three functions, reproductive care and scientific research.

Recently, the Beijing Youth daily reporter on exclusive visits Taipei Medical College Hospital human sperm bank learned that from last September to May this year, 737 people sperm bank sperm, passing rate is only 19%.

Since December last year after the implementation of a comprehensive two-child policy, test tube more donor demand, currently want to do IVF donor family, reproductive centres around the need to wait at least a year old.

Visit

Long-term storage of sperm in liquid nitrogen in units

Located at 400 meters west of the Taipei Medical College Hospital's reproductive Medical Center 4, inscribed with "human sperm bank" five characters of the golden plaque was hung on the outer wall. Walk through a corner, "the legendary" sperm bank. Relative to a layer of noise of the clinic, there is much quieter. Door into the sperm bank, there is no "tall on" the decoration and layout, looks more like an Office, neat bright entrance hall with 8 different function rooms, organized into a somewhat mysterious place for the outside world.

Professor Jiang Hui, Taipei Medical College Hospital human sperm bank Director North Green newspaper reporter, human sperm bank has three main functions: one is for normal sperm donor screening, qualifying store, the future supply of infertility patients. Secondly, reproductive insurance, known as "sperm bank", helping people in need is temporarily stored their sperm for later use. Third, scientific research.

Therefore, the sperm bank every room is also set around these three functions, including consultative reception room, screening laboratories, cryopreservation lab, archives, outside the room, storage and extraction room. Green newspaper reporter found in visits to the North, sperm bank enforces strict rules and regulations, whenever entering the extraction room, storage area, you need to wear disposable shoe covers. And to place the frozen semen storage and storage "donor information" registry is usually locked, non-staff members are not allowed.

Sperm banks with 8 full-time staff, is responsible for reception, registration, testing, storage and other work every day running.

Led by the staff of the North Green reporter into human sperm bank laboratory and storage room to find out. Through the professional lab, two researchers are instruments to deliver sperm for testing. According to the sperm bank's staff, after removal of sperm will be sent to the lab in the first time, tested qualified after repacking the concentration in accordance with, and join the cryoprotectants for dilution, and finally into units of liquid nitrogen for long-term preservation.

In the storage room, North Green newspaper reporter saw it placed over more than 10 cans of container, frozen well according to donate sperm, and refined place, such as in a container, each container holds 1000 sperm.

Core

Half passing rate of sperm donor 19% University students

After a one-year trial operation of Taipei Medical College Hospital human sperm bank has successfully completed evaluation into formal operation. Today, it received 20 a day by appointment to donate volunteer. Jiang Hui recalled, was founded at the beginning of last year, only two or three people a day. Later with the propaganda, the most of any day when thirty or forty people. From last September to May this year, Taipei Medical College Hospital human sperm bank has received 737 sperm donation, volunteer, 19% people passed all checks, say 140 people were eventually successfully donated sperm. In this regard, Jiang Hui explained that the nationwide passing rate of sperm in 15%-20%, so that 19% the pass rate is not low. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization also has a strict inspection standard of sperm, only in terms of quantity, activities as well as a number of screening all in compliance with the standards, in order to be recognized as qualified sperm.

In addition, according to the statistics, in 737 sperm donation, volunteers, youth. Among them, 58% under 25 years of age, under 30 years of age accounted for 77%, 30-40, 21.5%, over the age of 40 13%. In addition, the student group 53%, Bachelor, 90% graduate 35%. Jiang Hui said China provided donor age should be between 22-45, but the actual minimum age requirement will be relaxed. Eligible donor volunteers with access to about 200 yuan each subsidized transportation, if ultimately successful donation is successful, a total of around 5000 Yuan subsidies may be obtained.

Interview the same day, Mr Wu, 30, in his capacity as donors Volunteers came to the Taipei Medical College Hospital sperm bank. He told North Green newspaper reporter, he was after seeing friend forwarded an article about sperm banks, decided to get involved. Why to participate as volunteers, Mr Wu said, although now has a happy family of three, but before the father, he has gone with his wife unable to conceive for some time, did not know how many hospitals were run, after a year of treatment are children. "Very disappointed, it is not hopeless, it experienced a lot of psychological change, until then have a baby. "Mr Wu said, the kind of anxious mood and hard process of seeking to bring his deep experience, so when you see the sperm bank recruits donors volunteers, he immediately decided to join, and hope that we can help other families.

As full-time nurses of the sperm bank, Zhang ju every day to lead the volunteers like Mr Wu for the process. In her eyes, every volunteer is worthy of respect. "I've seen a student volunteer, including bone marrow, stem cell, as long as it is a donated cornea, he signed all the agreements, not for anything else, just want to help others. Such a person has more than one at a time were impressed. ”

"Just heard that, the first batch of donated sperm was already pregnant! "During the interview, excited to tell the news to Jiang Hui Zhang ju nurses.

Do donor sperm in vitro fertilization need to stand in line for a year

What talents can legitimately use a sperm bank sperm? In short, since China banned the sale of sperm, so often is a sperm bank provided sperm to fertility Center, fertility Center in accordance with the legal provisions of the State of pure. National regulations may apply to the use of donor sperm in only three: one is the really sick people without sperm, and the other is people with hereditary diseases, three are still unable to conceive as the man repeated the treatment in patients with severe oligospermia.

Jiang Hui disclosed that at present, sperm banks have signed up three State-approved use of donor sperm for IVF fertility Center, respectively, Taipei Medical College Hospital Fertility Center, Chaoyang Hospital Fertility Center and Shenyang Oriental essence hospital. In other words, only the three fertility Center can legally be used outside the Taipei Medical College Hospital sperm bank sperm for artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization.

Since December last year after the implementation of a comprehensive two-child policy, for Beijing's growing environmental impact is huge. Jiang Hui told North Green reported reporter, II child open Qian, North medical three hospital Andrology daily of outpatient volume in 500 passengers around, and II child open zhihou, to advisory health II child of patients increased has 20%-30%, which most is 35-45 age wants to health II child of senior crowd, they in the including less fine weak fine, and birth capacity declined, and fertilization tube jam need surgery of people.

"For the second child to reproductive Center were significantly more. "Jiang Hui said reproductive Center crowd mainly consists of 4 classes and sperm, is one regarding the use of donor sperm, to apply for a second child; the second is a reproductive defects; the third is after treatment to restore fertility to preserve sperm; four is in line with the two-child policy, but not now.

However, Jiang Hui disclosed that currently want to do IVF donor families, about need to be queued for as long as a year. "The first sperm bank there is no finished plan, a small number. Second, Beijing can do a donor IVF, only three, North of doctors and hospitals, and the State family planning Commission of Chaoyang Hospital Research Institute, in short supply. "It is learnt that the medical hospital fertility Center North of, for example, here a year and completed 15,000 cycles of in-vitro fertilization.

Tips

Change the stored sperm should be the concept of people as early as possible

Sperm function is another sperm bank, sperm donors is kept reserved for later use. At present, the Taipei Medical College Hospital human sperm bank one fine save storage costs for the year 2000.

At present, China's sperm bank uses mainly to volunteer to donate sperm, Taipei Medical College Hospital during the trial operation of sperm banks, to save the sperm only fifty or sixty people, and the number of donors is more than 10 times as much. Abroad, the sperm bank and take more "sperm bank" function. "Why does reproductive insurance in China is relatively small, it is also mainly due to inadequate publicity, many people do not know there is a sperm bank, this issue was also not aware of saving sperm, in the United States California sperm bank 80% is used as a fine save. "Jiang Hui said.

"Sperm bank" storing sperm in people, cancer patients accounted for more than 60% and 40% including astronauts, military and other high risk industries, as well as fewer patients with weak sperm. The reason, Jiang Hui and that this increased cancer cure rate in recent years. "Before cancer cure rates are not high, and now a high cure rate, more doctors are beginning to think for cancer patients fertility problems, will take the initiative to tell them to save the sperm. While this is good, but will also bring some thorny issues, such as many cancer patients when they are in a hurry, wait for chemotherapy today to tomorrow, lack of time, so we recommend to save the sperm should be as soon as possible. ”

At present, the Taipei Medical College Hospital, human sperm bank official letters to the public, and is equipped with a dedicated volunteer advocates. In recent years about the changes in the concept of reproductive health, Jiang Hui in the eye, "along with the economic development, improved youth literacy and attitudes are more open. Sperm just like blood donation, blood donation is saving lives, sperm donation is to help mankind, thanks to each and every volunteer for China's devotion to the cause of human reproductive health. But also call for any high-risk workers, soldiers, radiological workers, have a family history of disease, cancer patients and other people in need, early reproductive insurance concern, we are also willing to help them. ”

Donor conditions and procedures

Volunteers meet Chinese citizens between the ages 22-45 years, College and above, no bad habits of healthy men. Signed informed consent forms, registration information, physical examination and a psychological evaluation, screening test for semen. After passing through a series of checks and can start sperm. Meanwhile, volunteers were required to run more than 10 times, donors to review HIV after 6 months. Finally, after passing the sperm until the end.

The first step, in line with the basic conditions, signed informed consent.

The second step, physical and psychological evaluation.

The third step, screening test for semen. (Semen examination failed two times, eliminated)

The fourth step, semen pathogenic bacteria culture and other laboratory tests. (Failed out)

The fifth step, karyotype analysis. (Failed out)

The sixth step, above all started sperm.

The seventh step, sperm donation reaches a certain amount.

The eighth step, staff informed the donor stops.

Nineth, reviewed HIV after 6 months.

探访中国精子库：捐精者多是大学生，受捐家庭排队等1年 - 精子库,捐精 - IT资讯

今年8月，在为期一年的试运行后，北京大学第三医院人类精子库获批正式运行。

作为本市第二家经卫生行政部门批准的正规机构，今后这里将承担着志愿捐精、生殖保险以及科学研究三大功能。

日前，北京青年报记者对北医三院人类精子库进行独家探访了解到，从去年9月至今年5月，有737人向精子库捐精，合格率只有19%。

自去年12月全面二孩政策实施后，供精试管更加供不应求，目前想要做供精试管婴儿的家庭，需要在各地生殖中心至少排队等待一年之久。

探访

精子长期保存在零下196度的液氮中

在位于北医三院西侧400米的生殖医学中心4层，一块刻有“人类精子库”五个大字的金色牌匾被高高悬挂在外墙上。往前走，经过一个转角，就到了“传说中”的精子库。相对于一层门诊的喧哗，这里则安静得多。跨进精子库的大门，没有任何“高大上”的装修和布局，看上去更像是一间办公室，整洁明亮的门厅加上8个不同功用的房间，组织成了这个对外界来说多少有些神秘的地方。

北医三院人类精子库主任姜辉教授向北青报记者介绍，人类精子库有三大功能：一是对正常人捐献的精子进行筛查，合格的储存起来，未来外供给不孕不育患者使用。二是生殖保险，也就是俗称的“精子银行”，帮助有需要的人把他们的精子暂时储存起来以备日后使用。三是科学研究。

因此，精子库的每一个房间也都是围绕这三个功能进行设置的，包括咨询接待室、初筛实验室、冷冻保存实验室、档案室、外供室、储存室和取精室。北青报记者在探访中发现，精子库执行着严格的规章制度，但凡进入取精室、储存室所在的区域，都需要佩戴一次性鞋套。而用于放置冷冻精液的储存室和存放“供精者信息”的档案室平时都是上锁的，非工作人员不得进入。

精子库配有8名专职人员，负责每天接待、登记、化验、储存等工作的正常运转。

在工作人员的带领下，北青报记者进入人类精子库实验室和储存室一探究竟。实验室中有两名实验人员正在通过专业仪器对送来的精子进行检测。据精子库的工作人员介绍，取出后的精子将会在第一时间送到实验室，经过检测，合格后将按照浓度进行分装，并加入冷冻保护剂进行稀释，最后放入零下196度的液氮中进行长期保存。

在储存室，北青报记者看到里面放置有10多个罐装容器，冷冻好的精子按照在捐、待供和自精等几类放置在容器中，每个容器中存放1000份精液。

核心

精子合格率19% 捐精者大学生占一半

经过了一年试运行的北医三院人类精子库已经顺利完成考核，进入正式运行。如今，这里每天要接待20名通过预约前来捐精的志愿者。姜辉回忆说，去年成立之初，一天只有两三个人。后来随着宣传多了，最多的时候一天有三四十人。从去年9月到今年5月，北医三院人类精子库已经接待737名捐精志愿者，其中19%的人通过了全部检查，也就是说有140人最终顺利完成捐精。对此，姜辉解释称，全国范围看捐精合格率在15%-20%，因此19%的合格率并不低。同时，世界卫生组织对于精子也有一套严格的检验标准，只有在数量、活动值以及多项筛查全部符合标准后，才能被认定为合格的精子。

此外，据统计，在这737名捐精志愿者中，多以青壮年为主。其中，25岁以下的占58%，30岁以下占77%，30-40岁占21.5%，40岁以上占13%。此外，学生群体占53%，本科以上学历占90%，研究生以上占35%。姜辉表示，目前中国规定捐精者年龄应当在22-45周岁之间，但实际中年龄下限会适当放宽。合格捐精志愿者每次可获得200元左右的交通误工补贴，如果最终顺利捐献成功，总共可获得5000元左右的补贴。

采访当天，30岁的吴先生以捐精志愿者的身份来到北医三院精子库。他告诉北青报记者，自己是看到朋友转发的关于精子库的文章后，便决定参与进来。谈到为什么想到以志愿者的身份参加，吴先生坦言，自己虽然如今有了一个幸福的三口之家，但实际上在做父亲之前，他与妻子也经历了一段时间无法怀孕，跑了不知道多少次医院，经过一年多的治疗才有了孩子。“当时很灰心，觉得是不是没希望了，这中间经历了很多心理上的变化，直到后来有了宝宝。”吴先生说，当时那种急切的心情和辛苦的求医过程带给他很深的体会，所以当看到精子库招募捐精志愿者时，他便立刻决定加入，希望可以帮助到其他家庭。

而作为精子库的专职护士，张菊每天都要负责带领像吴先生这样的志愿者进行各项流程。在她眼中，每一位志愿者都值得尊敬。“我见过一个学生志愿者，只要是能捐的包括骨髓、干细胞、角膜，他全都签了协议书，不为别的，只是想帮助别人。这样的人还不止一个，每次看了都很感动。”

“刚听说，第一批捐出去的精子已经有怀孕的了！”采访中，张菊护士兴奋地将这个消息告诉了姜辉。

做供精试管婴儿需要排队等一年

究竟什么人才能够合法使用精子库的精子呢？简单来说，由于中国禁止买卖精子，因此通常是精子库提供精子给生殖中心，生殖中心按照国家法律规定用精。而国家规定可以申请使用供精的情况只有三种：一是确实因病没有精子的人，二是有遗传性疾病的人，三是因为男方因素反复治疗仍无法怀孕的重度少精症患者。

姜辉透露，目前，精子库已经签约三家经国家批准可以使用供精进行试管婴儿的生殖中心，分别为北医三院生殖中心、朝阳医院生殖中心和沈阳东方集团菁华医院。也就是说，只有这三家生殖中心可以合法使用北医三院精子库外供的精子进行人工授精或试管婴儿。

自去年12月全面二孩政策实施后，对于北京的生育环境影响巨大。姜辉告诉北青报记者，二孩开放前，北医三院男科每天的门诊量在500人次左右，而二孩开放之后，来咨询生二孩的患者增加了20%-30%，其中绝大多数是35-45岁想生二孩的高龄人群，他们中包括少精弱精、生育能力下降、受精管堵塞需要手术的人。

“为了二孩来生殖中心的人明显多了。”姜辉表示，来生殖中心和精子库的人群主要包括4类，一是一胎就使用供精，来申请二孩的；二是有生殖缺陷的；三是经过治疗恢复了生育能力，来保存精子的；四是符合二孩政策，但现在不想生的。

不过，姜辉透露，目前想要做供精试管婴儿的家庭，大约需要排队等待一年之久。“一是精子库目前还没有规划完，数量少。二是北京能做供精试管婴儿的只有三家，北医三院、朝阳医院和国家计生委科研所，供不应求。”据悉，以北医三院生殖中心为例，这里一年可以完成15000周期的试管婴儿。

提示

国人观念在转变 储存精子应趁早

精子库另一个功能是精子银行，是把捐献者的精子保存起来留待之后自己使用。目前，北医三院人类精子库一年的自精保存储存费用为2000元。

目前，中国精子库的使用多以志愿者捐献精子为主，北医三院精子库试运行期间，前来保存精子的仅有五六十人，与捐精人数相差十几倍之多。而在国外，精子库更多地承担着“精子银行”的功能。“在中国之所以做生殖保险的比较少，主要原因还是宣传不够，很多人不知道有精子库，也没有意识到保存精子这个问题，在美国加州精子库80%是用做自精保存。”姜辉说。

在“精子银行”储存精子的国人中，肿瘤患者占到了60%以上，其余40%包括了从事航天员、军人等高风险行业者以及少弱精患者。究其原因，姜辉认为这与近年来肿瘤治愈率的升高有关。“以前肿瘤的治愈率不高，现在治愈率高了，更多的医生开始为肿瘤患者着想生育问题，会主动告诉他们去保存精子。这一点虽然是好的，但也会带来一些棘手的问题，比如很多肿瘤患者来的时候都很着急，恨不得明天就化疗了今天才来，缺乏检查的时间，所以我们建议保存精子应该要尽早。”

目前，北医三院人类精子库有官方微信公众号，并配备了专门的志愿者招募宣传员。近些年人们对于生殖健康观念的变化，姜辉看在眼里，“随着经济的发展，年轻人文化水平的提高，观念也更加开放了。捐精就像献血一样，献血是抢救生命，捐精是帮助人类繁衍，感谢每一位志愿者为中国人类生殖健康事业的奉献。同时也呼吁社会上的高风险工作者、军人、放射性工作者、有家族疾病史、肿瘤患者等有需要的人，及早关注生殖保险，我们也愿意帮助他们。”

捐精条件及步骤

志愿者符合年龄22-45周岁之间的中国公民，学历大专及以上，无不良嗜好的健康男性。在签署知情同意书、登记相关信息、体格检查和心理评估后，进行精液初筛。通过一系列检查并合格后，才能正式开始捐精。其间，志愿者需跑上十几趟，捐精6个月后还要复查HIV。最后，一切合格后，捐精才算结束。

第一步，符合基本情况，签署知情同意书。

第二步，体格检查及心理评估。

第三步，精液初筛。（两次精液检查不合格，淘汰）

第四步，精液致病菌培养及其他实验室检查。（不合格，淘汰）

第五步，染色体核型分析。（不合格，淘汰）

第六步，以上全部合格后正式开始捐精。

第七步，精液捐赠达到一定量。

第八步，工作人员通知捐精停止。

第九步，6个月后复查HIV。