Temple on the second launch time to identify these studies will turn science fiction into reality

"Temple on the second" space lab mission headquarters today held a news conference to announce September 15, 22:04 launches "temple on the second" space laboratory. This afternoon, perform the launch task T2 has already begun the long second-f the replenishment of propellant. At present, the region has completed a comprehensive walkthrough, all preparations had been completed prior to launch.

As the first real space laboratory of China, "temple on the second" space laboratory will conduct 14 space science and application experiments. Not only that, but relevant to the experimental equipment is both rich Sci-Fi, without losing value. For example, "space cold atomic clocks", just listen to the name very much ... ...

　　"Space camera"-the universe of aerial photography

"Temple on the second" more than more than 10 research projects, there is a concomitant satellite flight experiment. The small satellite "temple on the second" 11th and Shenzhou manned spacecraft after docking scene filmed with HD cameras, show real spacecraft docking state, provide direct imaging technology for spacecraft rendezvous and docking support.

With satellite schematic diagrams

China's manned spacecraft Shenzhou seventh with satellite experiments have taken large spacecraft in orbit for the first time, using a camera of 1.3 million pixels, and "temple on the second" accompanied by satellite using a 25 million megapixel full frame camera, realized the new upgrade in resolution and granularity.

Although this experiment can only achieve aerocraft aerial, but with this basis, maybe humans can hold a wedding in the future in space, through the "aerial" recorded the whole process.

　　"Temple eight trigrams furnace"-special material

Lao in the journey to the "eight trigrams furnace" can build a variety of top gear. And in the "temple on the second", the astronauts will also use a "Temple eight trigrams furnace", preparation of comprehensive materials.

"Temple eight trigrams furnace" taxon is called comprehensive materials testing equipment. Equipment heating furnace, electric control box and sample bag is composed of three parts. Among them, is the core component of the whole equipment heating furnace, heating to a batch of six materials experiments.

"Temple eight trigrams furnace" of the synthesis experimental equipment

According to experts, through both batch replaced, the astronauts will bring back the 12 specially prepared materials, including metal alloys and semiconductor materials, composite materials, Nano-functional materials and thin film materials, and so on. So those unfamiliar names of practical value to our material? Shanghai Institute of ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences researcher Liu explained in popular parlance: for example, building a House, we are very familiar with the materials and processes in the Earth. But in an environment of space, the Earth of this set is no longer applicable. Therefore, research in space materials, melting processes have considerable value. The future, if people want to get out of the Earth, or life on other planets in space, space for material preparation is very important.

"Greenhouse in the sky"-space plant breeding boxes

In the movie Mars rescue, hero mark by planting on barren Mars potatoes to feed themselves. To leave the Earth's environment, how to grow food self-sufficient, are issues that must be addressed by humans living in space for a long time. In the forthcoming launch of "temple on the second" laboratory, there is a "space greenhouse"--incubator space, used for plant cultivation in space exploration.

Due to the space in "microgravity" environment, seed composition may change, cultivation of plants will become very difficult. This time, incubator space will foster both Arabidopsis and rice plants, respectively, provide long days and short day conditions, this is also the first incubator in the same space at the same time achieving a long day and short day plants cultivation and real-time observation of.

"Space cold atomic clocks"--3000 the parent error is only one second

"Temple on the second" laboratory to be carried out over more than 10 of the world's most cutting-edge experiment, contains key projects in space science Physics: space cold atomic clock experiments. "The space cold atomic clock" on track to achieve ultra-high precision error of 30 million a second. This satellite positioning and navigation, gravitational wave detection and other space science research to have a significant impact.

According to the Deputy Director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of optics introduced Chen Weibiao, on Earth, gravitational effects can cause deviations of watches and clocks. Place watches in space vehicles, you could remove the factor of gravitation, achieve higher accuracy.

In addition, place the cold atomic clock in space, but also more easily to other atomic clocks on satellites for time and frequency transfer and calibration. When transmitting time signals from the ground into space, will be subject to various atmospheric and ionospheric disturbances, inevitable errors. Using cold atomic clocks, high precision, and even global satellite navigation systems become more accurate.

Sketch of space cold atomic clock calibration jobs
(Editors: Zhong Qinghui UN660)
2016-09-14 19:11:09
CCTV

天宫二号发射时间确定 这些研究将让科幻变成现实

　　“天宫二号”空间实验室飞行任务总指挥部今日召开新闻发布会，宣布定于9月15日22时04分发射“天宫二号”空间实验室。今天下午，执行此次发射任务的长征二号F T2火箭已经开始加注推进剂。目前，全区已完成综合演练，发射前的各项准备工作已基本就绪。

　　作为中国首个真正意义上的太空实验室，“天宫二号”空间实验室将开展十四项空间科学和应用实验。不仅如此，与实验有关的各种设备可谓是既富科幻色彩，又不失使用价值。例如“空间冷原子钟”，光是听一听名字就觉得很厉害了……

　　“太空摄影机”——宇宙里的航拍器

　　在“天宫二号”十余个科研项目中，有一项伴随卫星飞行实验。这颗小卫星可以把“天宫二号”和神舟十一号载人飞船交会对接后的场景，用高清相机拍摄下来，真实展现航天器的对接状态，为空间飞行器交会对接提供直接的影像技术支持。

伴随卫星拍摄工作示意图

　　中国神舟七号载人飞船伴随卫星曾首次进行在轨拍摄大型航天器的实验，所使用的相机为130万像素，而“天宫二号”伴随卫星使用的是2500万像素全画幅相机，在分辨率和精细度上实现了新升级。

　　这次的实验虽只能实现对飞行器的航拍，但有了这个基础，没准人类真能在未来于太空中举办一场婚礼，通过这个“航拍器”记录下全过程。

　　“天宫八卦炉”——特殊材料制备机

　　《西游记》中太上老君的“八卦炉”能练出各种顶级装备。而在“天宫二号”中，航天员们也将使用一个“天宫八卦炉”，进行综合材料制备的实验。

　　“天宫八卦炉”的学名叫做综合材料实验装备。装备由加热炉、电控箱和样品袋三部分组成。其中，加热炉是整个装备的核心部件，能够一个批次对六种材料进行加热实验。

有着“天宫八卦炉”之称的综合材料实验装备

　　据专家介绍，通过两个批次更换，航天员将会带回12种经过特殊制备的材料，包括金属合金、半导体材料、复合材料、纳米功能材料和薄膜材料等等。那么，这些名字陌生的材料究竟有何实用价值？中科院上海硅酸盐研究所研究员刘岩用通俗的说法进行了解释：例如建房子，在地球上我们很熟悉材料和流程。但是在太空的环境下，地球的这一套便不再适用。所以，在太空中研究材料焊接、熔融等过程就具有相当的价值。未来，人类如果想走出地球，在太空或者其他星球上生活，太空中的材料制备非常重要。

“空中温室”——太空植物培育箱

　　电影《火星救援》中，主人公马克在寸草不生的火星上通过种植土豆养活了自己。离开地球环境，如何通过种植食物达到自给自足，是人类长期在太空居住所必须解决的问题。在即将发射升空的“天宫二号”实验室内，就有一个“太空温室”——空间培养箱，用于探索太空中的高等植物培养。

　　由于太空处于“微重力”环境，种子里面的成分可能会发生改变，植物的培养也将变得非常困难。此次，空间培养箱将培育拟南芥和水稻两种植物，分别提供长日照和短日照的培养条件，这也是国际上首次在同一空间培养箱中同时实现长日与短日植物的培养与实时观察。

“空间冷原子钟”——3000万年误差仅一秒

　　在“天宫二号”实验室将要开展的10多项世界最前沿实验中，包含有空间科学物理领域的重点项目：空间冷原子钟实验。“空间冷原子钟”有望实现3千万年误差一秒的超高精度。这将对卫星定位导航、引力波探测等空间科学研究产生重大影响。

　　据中科院上海光机所副所长陈卫标介绍，在地球上，引力的影响可能会造成钟表的偏差。而在太空的飞行器上放置钟表，则会免除引力的因素，达到更高的精度。

　　此外，将冷原子钟放置在太空，还能更方便地对其它卫星上的原子钟进行时频传递和校准。由于从地面向太空发射时间信号时，会受到大气和电离层的种种干扰，难免出现误差。借助冷原子钟的超高精度，甚至能使全球卫星导航系统变得更加准确。

空间冷原子钟校准作业示意图
(责任编辑：钟庆辉 UN660)
2016-09-14 19:11:09
央视网