Temple on the second distribution using a variety of livable technology exclusive fitness | tiangong | Shenzhou astronaut | Temple on the second _ news

Temple on the second launch to orbit diagram. Xinhua News Agency

Original title: wide Bay air these Hyun

Build smart home is equipped with exclusive fitness of astronauts in space

Temple on the second Chinese astronaut in space, has a new home. To meet master of coming, let master are live of comfortable security, this space bedroom of built who are took pains, from improve life quality, and reduced work load, and improved sleep environment, and rich entertainment conditions, several aspects carried out has manned should be home environment design, in limited of combination body free space within, integrated has internal decorative, and class within activities space planning, and Visual environment and lighting, and waste processing, and items management, and wireless calls, should be home technology, for astronaut provides comfortable human of space home environment, Astronaut presence in 30 days period, living and working comfort.

　　Avatar 1 hi-tech materials

　　With it, you can withstand

　　-70-200 ℃ high temperature

If the temple on the second combination and other spacecraft docking to the space room, the temple on the second was the "Big Bay" is the main structure, the astronauts will be working and living.

According to the China Aerospace Science and technology group of scientific research personnel, Temple, second is an external vacuum, the internal structure of the 1 atmosphere. Evaluation of the "Big Bay" security is one of the most important aspects, is in the course of 2 years in orbit, leakage is very small. Just like the best basketball will leak sooner or later, just good design can make a flat very slowly. Temple on the second metal structure observation portholes, switching doors and other parts are easy to leak air link. Designers designed a wide range of safe and reliable seal, one of the most critical is the sealing ring.

Temple second, is China first a real meaning Shang of space laboratory, astronaut will in which carried out space medium-term resides experiment, its sealed pieces except requirements sealed performance security reliable outside, also requirements material security nontoxic, can suffered live-70 ℃-200 ℃ high low temperature make variable, and high vacuum, and strong purple outside radiation, and charged particles irradiation and atomic oxygen erosion, various complex environment of long-term test, not produced degradation, and aging and cracked, can security using 30 years.

　　Bone loss against avatar 2 meter

　　With it, the astronauts don't have to worry about osteoporosis

People who live in terrestrial environments gravity once it enters the weightless environment, the body which does not meet, which is known as the physiological effects of weightlessness. In order to monitor astronaut health, Temple on the second carry a lot of "baby".

Experimental device I was to study the physiological effects of weightlessness and space flight on the human body's vestibular eye, cardiovascular disease and higher brain functions influence synchronization pulse of arterial, venous pulse, brain and eye movement. In 2013, was developed for the first time in the temple on the first such test equipment. At the temple on the second level, the device will continue to use it.

Physiological effects of weightlessness experiment ⅱ Chinese-developed the first official God of fully automated cell culture device, this device is used for weight loss study on physiological effects of protective cellular mechanisms, key cell signaling targets related to the development of drug and protection measures to lay the Foundation.

Meanwhile, development unit has been designed specifically for astronauts, "fitness"--bone loss against the instrument is to ensure the health of astronauts in space flight instrument. Bone loss against the instrument by beating Shins acupuncture point on the body, stimulates bone, improves blood circulation, fight osteoporosis. At present, this research has developed a commercial health care equipment, suitable for different groups, may promote bone synthesis and inhibit osteoporosis, also has a good supporting role to reduce fatigue.

In addition, the researchers developed a noninvasive heart function monitor, mainly through noninvasive pulse of the astronaut's blood pressure, pulse rate and blood pressure, oxygen saturation and other physiological parameters monitor astronaut health on a regular basis.

　　Avatar 3 environmental control and life support system

　　With it, the astronauts in space enjoy smart home

Environmental control and life support systems inside the temple on the second closed-cabin creates a safe and appropriate environment for human survival and material necessary to provide astronaut life activities, protect the astronaut's health and productivity.

Environmental control controller: points system as it receives control signals within the target aircraft for environmental control and life support system fan, motors and other components to control, another function is to complete the distribution work.

Loop detection control devices: environmental control and life support system for cabin control computer resource cabin environment control and life support system controller hub, is responsible for external communications with the target aircraft, while completing various physiological parameters, part of the system state data acquisition, processing and control unit sends appropriate control signal within the system, so as to effectively protect the safety of the astronauts.

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide sensor used to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide within the spaceship cockpit, when concentrations exceed the warning value, the alarm immediately and instructed the astronauts scheduled for processing, so as to ensure the safety of the astronauts.

Gas sampling device in the cabin: the units inside the vacuum pump suction gas component in a gas in the cabin, its acquisition of adsorption in the recovery of the body sampling tube, after the acquisition is completed by the pilots will be recycled back to the ground for analysis.

　　Avatar 4 in orbit and hazardous gas detection device

　　Have it, 3 minutes the cabin gas detection

On-orbit and hazardous gas detection device, bore the cabin "Green Guard" mission. Gas inside the cabin after entering its internal, 3 minutes to complete gas composition and concentration of the detection, lab's environmental security escort.

The device uses a novel gas detection method, that is, through a wide spectrum of diverse for simultaneous measurement of the gas, you can capture the carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, benzene, toluene, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methanol, ethanol, methylene chloride total 10 measurements of harmful gases, compared with conventional indoor environment detection instrument, not only many types of testing, and more sensitive.

In the crew cabin before date of arrival, tested the device on cabin air quality. Once the concentration of harmful gas, it will sound the alarm, open air purification system. After experimental cabin air filtration, astronauts will be able to rest assured that stay. Astronauts during your stay in orbit and hazardous gas detection device will regularly check the cabin air quality, provide continuous protection for safe living environment for the astronauts.

　　Avatar 5 noise control technology

　　It and noise to a minimum specifications

In order for the astronauts in space have the largest possible space, Temple on the second dimension according to the permissible maximum envelope of launch vehicle design. But it poses huge challenges to engineers, this is because "Big Bay" meets comfort at the same time, have to be very light and strong. Engineers calculated, confirming the technical state, developed this more than 3 meters in diameter thin-walled "big guy", ingenious design and manufacturing challenges.

Noise is the astronaut in this "Big Bay" comfortable living the other influencing factors. To minimize the effect of noise on the astronaut, designers in the design phase of the temple on the second tight living quarters and equipment noise control, and through the technical problems to be addressed, to keep noise to a minimum to maximize the target range.

This version of unless signed out

Beijing morning news reporter Hana

　　How do living environment of the temple on the second?

Astronauts living and working in the temple on the second about 15 cubic meters of space. Compared with the simple decoration of the temple on the first, Temple on the second is more like a well decorated.

A suitable temperature and humidity in the cabin, pressurized cabin air temperature control 22-24 ℃, relative humidity 45%-55% this the most comfortable temperature and humidity.

"Earth" color the walls, Temple on the second internal painted a different color, surrounding walls choose beige, choose dark gray at the bottom, table Panel, such as sky blue, multiple layers of colors allocated to the astronauts relaxed feeling.

Using the multifunctional platform for the first time, the astronauts can write, eat, do science experiments, life work balance.

　　What is the difference between the space lab and space station?

Refers to the space station for astronauts visits, long-term living and working spacecraft. Space lab is more like the station's predecessor, was for the development of space stations, transition from a manned spacecraft to the experimental spacecraft, manned space infrastructure. That is, the temple is second space laboratory to construct more complex space station made preparations.

According to the people's daily

Responsible editor: Liu Debin SN222

Article keywords:
Temple Shenzhou Temple on the second

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天宫二号使用多种宜居技术 配航天员专属健身器|天宫|神舟|天宫二号_新闻资讯

天宫二号发射至预定轨道示意图。 　　新华社发

　　原标题：空中大开间 这些设备有点炫

　　打造太空智能家居 配备航天员专属健身器

　　天宫二号让中国航天员在太空中有了新家。为了迎接 主人的到来，让主人们住的舒服安全，这个太空居室的建造者们煞费苦心，从提高生活质量、降低工作负荷、改善睡眠环境、丰富娱乐条件等几个方面开展了载人宜 居环境设计，在有限的组合体自由空间内，集成了内部装饰、舱内活动空间规划、视觉环境与照明、废弃物处理、物品管理、无线通话等宜居技术，为航天员提供舒 适人性化的空间家居环境，使航天员在30天驻留期间，生活和工作舒适惬意。

　　神通1 高科技材料

　　有了它，就可经受

　　-70℃-200℃高低温

　　如果把天宫二号和其他飞船的对接组合体比作太空居室，那么天宫二号则是这个“大开间”的主结构，航天员将在其中工作与生活。

　　据中国航天科技集团的科研人员介绍，天宫二号是一个外部真空、内部有1个大气压的结构。评价这个“大开间”安全性很重要的方面之一，就是2年在轨飞行过 程中，漏气量要非常小。就如同再好的篮球早晚也会漏气，只是好的设计可以让漏气非常缓慢。天宫二号是金属结构，观察舷窗、开关舱门等部件都是容易漏气的环 节。设计师设计了多种安全可靠的密封结构，其中最关键的就是密封圈。

　　天宫二号是中国第一个真正意义上的空间实验室，航天员将在其中开展 太空中期驻留实验，其密封件除要求密封性能安全可靠外，还要求材料安全无毒，能经受住-70℃-200℃高低温交变、高真空、强紫外辐射、带电粒子辐照和 原子氧侵蚀等各种复杂环境的长期考验，不产生降解、老化和龟裂，可安全使用30年。

　　神通2 骨丢失对抗仪

　　有了它，航天员不再担心骨质疏松

　　人长期生活在地面有重力的环境中，一旦进入失重环境，身体会产生诸多不适应，这被称为失重生理效应。为了监测航天员身体状况，天宫二号携带了不少“宝贝”。

　　失重生理效应实验装置I是为了研究航天飞行对人体的前庭眼动、心血管及脑高级功能影响，同步检测动脉脉搏、静脉脉搏、脑电和眼动。2013年，中国在天宫一号中首次研制了这种实验设备。在天宫二号上，这套设备将继续使用。

　　失重生理效应实验装置Ⅱ是中国研制的第一个正式上天的全自动细胞培养装置，该装置用于进行失重生理效应防护的细胞机制研究，为针对关键的细胞信号分子开发相关的靶标药物以及制定防护措施奠定基础。

　　同时，研制单位专门为航天员设计了“健身器”——骨丢失对抗仪，是保证在太空飞行的航天员身体健康的仪器之一。骨丢失对抗仪通过敲打人体小腿部位相应穴 位，刺激骨骼、改善血液循环，对抗骨质疏松。目前，这项科研成果已经研发出一套民用级保健治疗仪器，适用于不同人群，可促进骨骼合成，有效抑制骨质疏松发 生，对消除疲劳也有良好辅助作用。

　　另外，科研人员研制的无创心功能监测仪，主要通过无创检测航天员的脉搏血压、脉搏量和血氧饱和度等生理参数，定期监测航天员的身体状态。

　　神通3 环境控制与生命保障系统

　　有了它，航天员太空享受智能家居

　　环境控制与生命保障系统在天宫二号密闭舱内创造了一个安全适宜的人类生存环境，提供航天员生命活动所必需的物质，保障航天员的身体健康和工作效率。

　　环控控制器：用来接收相关分系统的控制信号，对环控生保分系统目标飞行器内各种风机、电机等部件进行控制，另一功能是完成配电工作。

　　环控检测装置：环控生保系统用于舱内控制的计算机，资源舱内环境控制与生命保障系统的控制中枢，负责与目标飞行器进行外部通信，同时完成系统内各种生理参数、部件状态的数据采集、滤波处理以及向系统内的控制部件发出相应的控制信号，从而有效保障航天员的生命安全。

　　二氧化碳分压传感器：用于测量飞船座舱内的二氧化碳浓度，当浓度超过预警值时，立即报警并指示航天员按照预定方法进行处理，从而保证了航天员的生命安全。

　　舱内气体采样装置：利用装置内的真空泵抽吸舱内气体中的相关气体成分，将其采集吸附在回收体中的采样管内，采集完毕后由航员将回收体带回地面进行分析。

　　神通4 在轨有害气体检测装置

　　有了它，3分钟完成舱内气体检测

　　在轨有害气体检测装置，担负起舱内“环保卫士”的使命。舱内气体进入其内部后，它3分钟便能完成气体成分和浓度的检测，为空间实验室的环境安全保驾护航。

　　该装置采用一种全新的气体检测方式，即通过宽光谱分析技术对多种气体成分实现同时测量，可以采集到二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲烷、氨气、苯、甲苯、硫化氢、甲醇、乙醇、二氯甲烷共10种有害气体的测量数据，与常规的居室环境检测仪相比，不但测试种类多，而且灵敏度更高。

　　在航天员入住舱内前，该装置先对舱内空气质量进行检测。一旦有害气体的浓度超标，它就会发出警报，开启空气净化系统。实验舱内空气得到过滤净化后，航天 员便可以放心入住。航天员入住期间，在轨有害气体检测装置会定期检查舱内的空气质量，为航天员生活环境的安全提供持续保障。

　　神通5 噪声控制技术

　　有了它，噪声被控制在最小指标范围

　　为了让航天员在太空中有尽量大的活动空间，天宫二号结构尺寸基本按运载火箭可容许的最大包络做设计。但这却给工程人员带来巨大的挑战，这是因为“大开 间”在满足舒适的同时，必须非常轻并且特别结实。工程人员反复计算，最终确定了技术状态，研制出了这个直径3米多的薄壁“大家伙”，巧妙应对了设计上和制 造上的巨大挑战。

　　噪声是航天员在这个“大开间”舒适生活的另一大影响因素。为最大限度减轻噪声对航天员的影响，设计人员在天宫二号设计阶段制定出严格的生活区和仪器区噪声控制指标，并通过技术攻关加以解决，以最大限度地把噪声控制在最小的指标范围之内。

　　本版除署名外

　　北京晨报记者 韩娜

　　天宫二号的居住环境咋样？

　　●航天员在天宫二号生活和工作的空间大约有15立方米。和天宫一号的简单装修相比，天宫二号更像是精装修。

　　●舱内有适宜的温度和湿度，密封舱的空气温度控制在22-24℃、相对湿度45%-55%这一人体最舒服的温湿度。

　　●有“地球感觉”的墙壁颜色，天宫二号内部漆上了不同的颜色，四周墙面选择米白色，底部选择深灰色，工作台等面板采用天蓝色，多层次的颜色划分给航天员清爽的感觉。

　　●首次使用多功能小平台，航天员可以在上面写字、吃饭、做科学实验，生活工作两不误。

　　空间实验室和空间站有何区别？

　　空间站是指可供多名宇航员巡访、长期工作和居住生活的载人航天器。而空间实验室更像是空间站的前身，是为发展空间站，从载人飞船过渡到载人航天基础设施的实验性航天器。也就是说，天宫二号空间实验室是为建造复杂程度更高的空间站所做的准备工作。

　　据《人民日报》

责任编辑：刘德宾 SN222

文章关键词：
天宫 神舟 天宫二号

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