"The most beautiful of the great wall," investigators: "erase" the cultural relics Bureau of inaccurate | | | project _ the great wall news
Experts said the survey group, restoration project with 37 dust shell, this skin on average 12 cm, will be weathered away. Beijing News reporter Liu Ziheng photography

　　Members of the investigation team, said that "the most beautiful wild great wall" renovation with 37 dust, 35 years after weathering

The Beijing News (reporters Liu Ziheng) yesterday, the State Bureau of cultural relics, Liaoning Provincial Bureau of cultural relics formed a joint investigation team, suizhong County of "wild great wall is the most beautiful mortar trowel" a survey assessment. After on-site investigations, the investigating expert fuqingyuan, a member of the Beijing news reporters, "a cement road did not exist, used is 37 lime-shell, for protection. This skin will be gone in 35 years or so weathered. ”

"The most beautiful wild great wall is smooth" article September 20 posted, article shows, the section of the great wall as the pavement.

On September 22, members of the Group of experts received fuqingyuan tasks, first to reach the investigation of suizhong County, Liaoning province.

The joint investigation team by the State Bureau of cultural relics suizhong, Liaoning Provincial Cultural Heritage Bureau, Bureau of cultural relics, as well as consisting of four construction workers.

After seeing the design and construction to the scene to understand, fuqingyuan told the Beijing News reporter, the so-called "erased" is not accurate, "the section of the great wall was badly damaged, no battlements and Carbuncles, before maintenance, in accordance with the original trim, original wall there is no brick, stone was gone. ”

According to its introduction, maintenance technology used in the section of the great wall for reinforcement, the solid structure, make great wall structural safety, not mend broken incomplete parts.

"Not to be restored to its original condition, this is the life-saving work, to comply with the principle of minimum intervention. "Fuqingyuan said.

Under the suizhong awl da Mao Shan section of the great wall section emergency engineering renovation programme, "surface with lime caulking, fill with stone insert" and "filled with scattered stones ... ... A new stone without ".

The repair programme also proposed that "on top of the remaining sea of plain plastered and shoot it again, with 37 lime-a supplementary one and shoot it again, with an average thickness of 12 cm. ”

37 lime-modulation in three of lime the soil of seven, 12 cm 37 lime-the final showing "smoothed" scene.

Fuqingyuan told the Beijing News reporter, 35 years later, this case would be weathered, stone-wall will reveal.

"We repaired to this effect on the line. "The wind blows on the great wall, he points to a piece of weathered, exposing rocks on the slopes of the Beijing News said.

　　Secrets

　　Repairs are "original trimmed"

Suizhong County village of xiaohekou many villagers still remember the overhaul wall scene from 2013 to 2014, when their workers involved.

Prior to the repair, small mouth great wall ruins, lived in the village at the foot of the mountain are impressive.

"The great wall has fallen by half, bricks and mortar gaps in leek, used to flock to. "A villager told the Beijing News reporter.

Awl in 2016, the great wall was listed as a national key cultural relics protection units, repair requires from the counties to the State Bureau of cultural relics of the great wall ministries reported to the complete program.

Fuqingyuan introduction at the National Heritage Board worked until retirement, the complete process is, the County Cultural Relics Bureau reported planning to the provincial cultural relics Bureau, the provincial cultural relics Bureau reported to the programme to the State Bureau of cultural relics, the State Bureau of cultural relics for approval programmes, adjusted according to the programme budget, the Treasury last budget, allocated special funds.

Bodkin Hill big Hill section of the great wall repair programme introduced in December 2011, sz awl da Mao Shan section of the great wall section of the emergency programme for engineering repairs done by the Liaoning Provincial cultural relics Protection Center.

According to the plan, "the walls repaired ' original dressing '." On the design principles presented "does not change the original architectural form, structure, materials and processes", and "heritage buildings of interfering" in two.

In March 2012, the State Bureau of cultural relics for approval of the programme.

According to the State administration of cultural heritage website, repairing small estuaries wall starting from 2013, to end in 2014. "In view of the great wall of Ming dynasty remains a severe structural damage and flooding, in order to avoid further damage, disappearance of ontology of cultural relics, after expert review, the State administration of cultural heritage approved the programme, supplementary to the great wall the wall top, table top, seepage, drainage design and other requirements. ”

　　Four units are responsible for construction

According to the Beijing News reporter, Liaoning Provincial cultural relics Protection Center under the Liaoning Provincial Bureau of cultural relics protection, is designing the renovation.

Construction party four, respectively, ancient architecture and Garden City, Dalian Engineering Limited, Shenyang Imperial Palace of ancient building gardening Construction Ltd, Qufu city garden ancient construction engineering corporation, and the Shenyang Imperial Palace of ancient construction company limited.

The four contractors are responsible for the great wall is divided into a, b, and c, as well as all of the tower building.

In 2014, Huang Jin materials help construction crews carry lime powder and clay. He still remembers, when from under the mountain carrying materials up the mountain for the villagers, costs 6 cents a pound, of "strong back of 100 pounds, back forty or fifty pounds of little strength. ”

Except down on moving beyond some of the villagers in the mountains to participate in the project.

Dalian ancient company's construction team has accommodation Yin Jun (a pseudonym) home, he recalled, the construction team of fewer than 20 people, is responsible for the renovation of the great wall.

"They don't let us stone masonry, said the walls of our standard build the great wall is not suitable. "Yin Jun of Beijing news journalists recalled, their stones onto the great wall will be scattered on the mountain path, modulation 37 dust, preparing materials for the construction team, specific construction himself cannot participate in.

Yin Jun recalls, construction period is divided into two years, built a summer and fall of 2013 seasons, next year by 2014, the ancient company of Dalian construction team once again came to stay in his home and continue projects to completion.

Responsible editor: Zhang Xiaoya

Article keywords:
Bureau of cultural relics of the great wall engineering

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“最美长城”调查人员:“被抹平”说法并不准确|文物局|长城|工程_新闻资讯
　　调查组专家称，修复工程采用三七灰土做外壳，这层外壳平均12厘米，将会风化消失。新京报记者 刘子珩 摄

　　调查组成员透露，“最美野长城”修缮工程采用三七比例灰土，三五年后会风化

　　新京报讯 （记者刘子珩）昨日，国家文物局、辽宁省文物局组成联合调查组，对绥中县“最美野长城被砂浆抹平”一事调查评估。经过现场勘查，调查组专家成员之一付清远对新京报记者表示，“所谓水泥路面并不存在，工程采用的是三七灰土外壳，起保护作用。这层外壳将在三五年左右风化消失。”

　　“最美野长城被抹平”一文9月20日在网上传播，文章配图显示，该段长城如同路面。

　　9月22日，调查组专家成员付清远接到任务，第一个到达辽宁省绥中县调查。

　　联合调查组由国家文物局、辽宁省文物局、绥中县文物局，以及四家施工单位相关工作人员组成。

　　看过施工设计图并到现场了解后，付清远告诉新京报记者，所谓“被抹平”并不准确，“该段长城因损毁严重，维修前就没有城垛和女墙，按照原状修整，原始长城就没有青砖，石头都没了。”

　　据其介绍，维修该段长城所用工艺为归安加固，即稳固结构为主，使得长城结构安全即可，并不修补破损残缺部分。

　　“不是非要恢复原貌，这是救命工程，要遵守最小干预原则。”付清远说。

　　根据《绥中锥子山长城大毛山段部分段落抢险工程修缮方案》，“表面用石灰勾缝，内里用毛石干插填充”，并“用散落石块尽量补齐……一块新石不用”。

　　《修缮方案》还提出，“对顶部残存素土海墁重新拍实，再用三七灰土补充一层拍实，平均厚度12厘米。”

　　三七灰土按照三分白灰七分泥土的比例调制，这12厘米的三七灰土，就是最后呈现出“被抹平”的景象。

　　付清远告诉新京报记者，再过三五年时间，这层保护壳就会风化，长城将露出石块。

　　“我们修复要这个效果就行了。”长城上疾风劲吹，他指着一块已经风化，露出石头的斜坡对新京报记者说。

　　■ 揭秘

　　修缮属“原状修整”

　　绥中县小河口村的很多村民依然记得2013年至2014年大修长城时的情景，那时他们作为工人，参与其中。

　　在修缮前，小河口长城一片断壁残垣，住在山脚下的村民对此都有深刻印象。

　　“长城塌了一半，砖头缝隙里有韭菜，以前放羊时去过。”一位村民告诉新京报记者。

　　锥子山长城在2016年被公布为全国重点文物保护单位，修复长城需要经过从县文物局向国家部委上报的完整程序。

　　在国家文物局工作至退休的付清远介绍，完整的过程是，县文物局上报计划至省文物局，省文物局上报方案至国家文物局，国家文物局审批方案，调整以后根据方案报出预算，财政部最后审预算，下拨专款。

　　锥子山长城大毛山段在2011年12月出台相应修缮方案，《绥中锥子山长城大毛山段部分段落抢险工程修缮方案》由辽宁省文物保护中心完成。

　　根据该方案，“本次城墙修缮属于‘原状修整’工程”。在设计原则上，提出了“不改变原来的建筑形制、结构材料和工艺”，以及“对文物建筑最少干预”两项。

　　2012年3月，国家文物局对该方案进行批复。

　　根据国家文物局网站介绍，修缮小河口长城从2013年开始，到2014年结束。“鉴于该段明长城遗存存在较为严重的结构性病害和水患问题，为避免文物本体进一步损毁、消失，国家文物局经专家审核评估后批复同意所报方案，提出补充长城墙体顶部、相关台体顶部防渗、排水专项设计等要求。”

　　四家单位负责施工

　　据新京报记者了解，辽宁省文物保护中心隶属于辽宁省文物保护局，是此次修缮工程的设计方。

　　具体施工方有四家，分别为大连市古建筑园林工程有限公司、沈阳故宫古建园林工程有限公司、曲阜市园林古建筑工程有限公司，以及沈阳故宫古建筑有限公司。

　　这四家施工方分别负责长城被划分的a、b、c段，以及所有的城楼单体建筑。

　　黄进曾在2014年帮助施工队搬运白灰粉和泥土等材料。他至今记得，当时从山下搬运材料上山的多为村民，价钱在6毛钱一斤，“力气大的一次背一百斤，力气小的背四五十斤。”

　　除了上下山搬运之外，部分村民也会在山上参与工程。

　　大连古建公司的施工队曾住宿尹军（化名）家中，据他回忆，不到20人的施工队，负责修缮长城。

　　“他们不让我们砌石头，说我们砌墙的标准修长城不合适。”尹军对新京报记者回忆，自己从山道上将散落的石块搬上长城，调制三七灰土，为施工队准备材料，具体施工自己则不能参与。

　　尹军回忆，工程工期分为两年，2013年夏秋季节修过一次，转年到2014年，大连古建公司的施工队再次来到他家中住宿，继续工程至完工。

责任编辑：张小雅

文章关键词：
文物局 长城 工程

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