Chinese people living with HIV continue to Kao Jen: 80% from men spreading AIDS, gay-IT information
"AIDS", "ivory", two words that seemingly had nothing, but now is soaring by a string of figures tied together tightly. A few days ago, Nanchang city, centers for disease control released data show that until the end of August 2016, Nanchang city has 37 universities reported people living with HIV/AIDS patients, reported a total of 135 cases of surviving students and people living with HIV/AIDS, 7 deaths, nearly 5 years, annual growth rate for the HIV/AIDS epidemic 43.16% of young students.
Holy spell in College seemed, to hospitals, especially in recent years, students "exposed Edwards" is increasing rapidly ... ...
In reflection of the following numbers:
Beijing: January 2015 to October more than more than 3,000 cases of new HIV cases, infections more rapidly rising young students. The past two years, Beijing University students infected with AIDS each year added more than 100 new cases, same-sex sexual transmission.
Shanghai: 2015-report finds that people living with young students in 92 cases, up 31.4% from a year earlier.
Guangzhou: starting from 2002 found that cases of students infected with AIDS, 117 per cent by the end of 2013, 90% are same-sex, sexually transmitted infections.
In North Canton and other cities rise in AIDS in College at the same time, college students in the central provinces the situation is not optimistic, say AIDS patients 8 years of college students in Hunan province have increased by 37 times.
As Director of the Chinese Center for disease control STD and AIDS Prevention Center Wu Chun said, "from 2011 to 2015, Chinese middle school students in 15~24sui net average annual growth rate of people living with HIV 35% (net of detection increase factor)", and 18~22sui 65% of student infections occur during college. Can be described as shocking, so go on, the consequences would have been unthinkable.
Universities began as pure land, paradise, paradise for innovation, why become the hardest hit by HIV/AIDS? How do AIDS invaded the ivory tower?
University AI dye probably derives from "good friends"
According to the data released by the national family planning Commission of China health, sexual transmission is the main way of HIV infection, transmitted through the male to male infection in young students has reached 81.6%, the situation is very serious.
To Guangdong for cases, 2002 to 2015, Guangdong cumulative students AIDS cases for 630 cases, which male male gay sex spread accounted for than 70%; in Jiangxi Nanchang 2011-2015 new sent students cases in the, male male gay sex spread accounted for 83.61%; Hunan province from 2007-2015 cumulative report 536 cases, these infection AIDS virus of students main is male, accounted for 90% above, spread way to male gay sex spread mainly, accounted for 69.6%.
In this regard, the analysis of Wu Chun, University students male sexually transmitted infections rose there are two main reasons, one is early enough attention to this segment of the population, infection cannot be monitored, pressure released second, students fresh out of high school, male same-sex sexual activity is fresh, wanted to "try", but they are not aware of the risks.
Permissive sexual attitude, knowledge lagged
With the development of the times, people are increasingly more accepting of sex and sexual behavior, in 2015, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Xian, 34-City College, both male and female, grades diagnostic survey research shows that 60.5% students surveyed accepted sexual liberation, sexual freedom, 67.1% accept premarital sex, almost 70% students accept unmarried cohabitation.
College students ' sexual attitudes, sexual psychology, sexuality tends to be open, but for the lack of knowledge and prevention capability is worrying. South of XI ' an University 22 years old male graduate students Xiao Dong (not his real name) I never thought that one day he will be infected with AIDS, "tried to do not want to check, always feel I'm far away from. "Looks gentle Xiao Dong said, before his graduate liked men," boyfriend "are met through the network, via QQ chat, dating chat right after," there are four or five long months, shorter one ", everyone together regardless of the name, also without a condom. He does not know who was calling the "boyfriend" of infection, whether it was also because of his infection.
To Guangzhou 10 by University 600 name in read students for survey object, through questionnaire survey, and group discussion, form for on sex spread disease related knowledge of survey in the, found students on STD of understand is less, 50% of students said "has understand", 23% of students said "not understand"; in processing STD of problem Shang, 54% of by visit students select "itself to doctor", minority students select "silently stand".
Even some students feel far away from AIDS, will not be infected. Guangzhou University students AIDS prevention public service organizations, college students "men" has no need for contraception, are unlikely to adopt protective measures, leading to "male" become the group most at risk of HIV infection.
The absence of education
Successive years of high growth rate of HIV infection for schools, for society, for each family will be a bad news.
Survey shows, the Internet, books, magazines and communicate with friends of the same age is the main way to get knowledge. Among them, many guys understand sex, pornographic material via the Internet.
Reformed University, ignores the life of "compulsory subjects": safe sex education.
Shanxi University teacher Liu Wen, is himself an HIV, he said school officials often turn pale on sex education, to avoid talking about. Liu Wen said: no one wants to talk about. If so, may the community think, does this school have problems affect school admissions.
Some colleges even if sex education was limited to December 1 "World AIDS Day" that day. Chen Zihuang public organizations have lectures at the University, but the results are not satisfactory. Chen Zihuang said that those students are not themselves, is the school League issued an order, how many people in each class, for extra credit.
At China's Ministry of health Arts Division Director Liao Wenke, anti-AIDS education in colleges and universities to carry out the biggest obstacle, it is some college administrators, did not regard it as a very important thing to grasp.
If College AIDS knowledge class "aphasia", the students do not have access to health, the right to education, are likely to go astray or hurt others. As we can see results, young student's AIDS epidemic rose significantly, the tragic life of the infected children can no longer compensate.
Lower rate of detection rate and knowing
Nanchang CDC each year mainly to commercial sex workers, drug users, "male", STD clinics, kidney dialysis, blood donation, students for testing. Experts, the disease control Department take the initiative to those high-risk group detection, members of the public can also enjoy the free self test, but since the rate was not ideal. For example, HIV testing last year in Nanchang 550,000 visitors, other than duplicate detection and field populations, voluntary HIV testing numbers less than 10% in Nanchang. "A lot of people are due to face, I'm sorry that many high-risk groups also had chances. "Experts say.
It is this due to the face, sorry fashions, knowing rate of HIV/AIDS in China is not very high. With the United States and other countries compared to China's HIV rate, that is, knowing rate still at a fairly low level. According to the China Youth daily reported in December 2014, United States HIV rate of 75%, China's estimated 54%.
Because some people don't want to know that they are infected with HIV, because of fear that a radical not detected but also discrimination, cannot find work. "But it also means missed opportunities to receive treatment and care, increase the likelihood of spread, forming a very negative chain reaction", the expert said.
Potential social discrimination affecting people living with HIV/AIDS in China knows one of the main reason for lower rates, and the root causes of discrimination, but also because the public still do not understand the way the spread of HIV/AIDS.
A lot of people may not know, Chinese HIV/AIDS Ordinance clearly stipulates that no unit or individual shall discriminate against HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients. Patients and their families to enjoy marriage, employment, medical care, schooling and other lawful rights and interests are protected by law.
In universities in China and Japan benefit this group of large, Liao Wenke believes that colleges and universities on the one hand should be targeted to the universalization and reinforcement of HIV/AIDS prevention education, on the other hand, for those already infected with HIV facilitates the students complete their studies.
AIDS prevention for young college students work at administrative departments of education and universities, but we should also have a conscience of the community, to promote those who were teenage students ' healthy growth.
Also, our families, especially our parents, don't assume that children went to college you are done and let the children, which will spoil the child, can affect a child's healthy development. Children to enter college, as parents, still can not relax on their children's education, especially in terms of education, there must be proper guidance, keep children safe through the youth crisis.
College specifically in reference to how AIDS? This is not what we only need to think about it, but we need to face, when the need to implement action to deal with. To move HIV out of the campus can no longer stay in the slogan, but all of our University and in society as a whole and every family linked up, together with the AIDS awareness education going on. If have aphasia have irreparable, the stark reality will force us to act today.
Care, the healthy growth of the college students, not just because they are children, are our future and our hope!
中国国内大学生艾滋病
感染者连年高增：八成源于男男性传播 - 艾滋病,男同 - IT资讯
“艾滋病”、“象牙塔”，两个词看似毫无瓜葛，如今却被一串串急剧攀升的数字紧紧地捆绑在一起。日前，南昌市疾控中心公布数据显示，至2016年8月底，南昌全市已有37所高校报告艾滋病感染者或病人，共报告存活学生艾滋病感染者和病人135例，死亡7例，近5年来，青年学生艾滋病疫情年增长率为43.16%。
圣洁的高校仿佛中了魔咒，挥之不去，特别是近几年，学生“染艾”人数迅速增加……
看看下列细思极恐的数字：
北京：2015年1月至10月新增艾滋病病例3000余例，青年学生感染人数上升较快。近两年，北京市大学生感染艾滋病每年新增100多例，以同性性行为传播为主。
上海：2015年共报告发现青年学生感染者92例，较去年同期上升31.4%。
广州：从2002年开始发现学生感染艾滋病病例，截至2013年底已累计117例，九成都是经同性的性传播感染。
在北上广等大城市高校艾滋病情上涨的同时，一些中部省份高校学生的情况也不容乐观，比如说湖南大学生艾滋病患者8年竟上升37倍。
正如中国疾控中心性病艾滋病防治中心主任吴尊友表示，“2011年到2015年，中国15～24岁大中学生艾滋病病毒感染者净年均增长率达35%（扣除检测增加的因素）”，且65%的学生感染发生在18～22岁的大学期间。可谓是触目惊心，如此发展下去，后果可谓不可想象。
高校本为一方净土，学习的乐土，创新的乐园，为何成为艾滋病重灾区？艾滋病又是如何入侵象牙塔？
高校染艾者八成源于“好基友”
根据国家中国卫生计划生育委员会公布的数据，性传播是感染艾滋病的主要途径，而在青年学生中通过男男性传播感染已达81.6%，形势非常严峻。
以广东为例，2002年至2015年，广东累计学生艾滋病病例为630例，其中男男同性性传播占比70%；在江西南昌2011—2015年新发学生病例中，男男同性性传播占83.61%；湖南省从2007—2015年累计报告536例，这些感染艾滋病病毒的学生主要是男性，占90%以上，传播途径以男性同性性传播为主，占69.6%。
对此，吴尊友分析，大学生男男同性传播感染者上升的主要原因大致有两个，一是早期对这部分人群不够重视，监测不到感染情况，二是大学生刚从高中学业压力释放出来，对男男同性性行为感到新鲜，就想“尝试一下”，但他们并不知道其中的风险。
性观念开放，性知识滞后
随着时代的发展，人们对于性话题及性行为的接受程度越来越高，2015年，针对北京、上海、广州、深圳、武汉、西安等34个城市的高校本科生，分男女、年级进行摸底调查研究显示：接受调查的大学生中60.5%接受性解放、性自由，67.1%接受婚前性行为，近七成大学生接受未婚同居行为。
大学生的性观念、性心理、性行为虽然趋于开放化，可是对于性病知识的缺乏及预防能力却令人堪忧。西安南郊某高校22岁男研究生小东（化名）怎么也没想到有一天自己会感染艾滋病，“一直不敢也不想检查，总觉得距离我很遥远。”外表斯文的小东说，他在读研前就比较喜欢男性，“男友”都是经网络认识的，通过QQ聊天，等聊得投缘后就约会，“有四五个，长的交往几个月，短的就一次”，大家在一起不问名字，也不用安全套。他自己也不知道是被哪位“男友”感染的，是否还有人因为自己而感染。
以广州10所高校600名在读大学生为调查对象，通过问卷调查、小组座谈等形式进行对性传播疾病相关知识的调查中，发现大学生对性病的了解甚少，50%的学生表示“有所了解”，23%的学生表示“不了解”；在处理性病的问题上，54%的受访学生选择“自行去看医生”，少数学生选择“默默忍受”。
甚至有的大学生认为自己离艾滋病很远，不会被感染。广州高校大学生防艾公益组织介绍，大学生“男男”之间没有避孕需要，大多不会采用防护措施，导致“男男”成为大学生艾滋感染最高危的群体。
教育宣传的缺位
连年高速度增长的大学生艾滋病感染病例对于学校、对于社会、对于每个家庭都将是一场噩耗。
调查显示，互联网、书本、杂志和跟同龄朋友交流是获取性知识主要途径。其中，不少男生通过互联网、色情材料了解性知识。
传道授业的大学，却忽视了人生的“必修科目”：性安全教育。
陕西某高校教师刘闻，自己也是一位艾滋感染者，他说校领导往往对性教育闻之色变、避而不谈。刘闻表示：没有人愿意谈。如果谈的话，可能社会上会认为，是不是这个学校有问题，会影响学校招生。
有些高校即使开展性教育，也仅限于12月1日“世界艾滋病日”那一天。陈子煌所在的公益组织曾在高校开展过讲座，但效果不甚理想。陈子煌说，那些学生都不是自己来的，是学校团委下发命令，每个班要来多少个人，来加学分的。
在中国教育部体卫艺司巡视员廖文科看来，高校防艾教育开展的最大阻碍，恰恰是某些高校管理者，没有把它作为一个非常重要的事情来抓。
如果大学防艾知识课堂持续“失语”，学生们得不到健康、正确的教育，很可能误入歧途甚至给他人带来伤害。正如我们看到的结果，青年学生艾滋病疫情上升明显，这些被感染孩子的人生悲剧已经无法再弥补。
较低的自检率和自知率
南昌疾控每年主要对暗娼、吸毒人员、“男男”、性病门诊、肾透析、无偿献血、青年学生进行检测。专家介绍，疾控部门主动对这些高危人群检测外，市民还可以享受免费自检，但居民自检率很不理想。比如，南昌去年艾滋病检测55万人次，除了重复检测和外地人口，南昌艾滋病自愿检测人数还不足10%。“很多人还是碍于面子，不好意思，另外不少高危人群也抱有侥幸心理。”专家说。
正是这种碍于面子，不好意思的心理作祟，艾滋病的自知率在中国也并不高。与美国等国家相比，中国艾滋感染者的知晓率，也就是自知率还处于一个相当低的水平。根据《中国青年报》2014年12月的报道，美国艾滋感染者的知晓率为75%，中国估算为54%。
有些人是因为不想知道自己是感染者，因为担心检测出来后根治不了却还要受歧视，找不到工作。“但这同时也意味着错过了接受治疗和关爱的机会，增加了传播的可能，形成了一个非常负面的链条反应”，专家分析说。
潜在的社会歧视是影响中国艾滋病感染者自知率较低的一个主要原因，而社会歧视存在的根本原因，还在于公众对艾滋病的传播方式还并不了解。
很多人可能不知道，中国《艾滋病防治条例》中明确规定，任何单位和个人不得歧视艾滋病病毒感染者、艾滋病病人。病人及其家属享有的婚姻、就业、就医、入学等合法权益受法律保护。
对于在高校中国和日本益庞大的这一群体，廖文科认为，高校一方面应该有针对性地普及和加强艾滋防控教育，另一方面，更要为这些已经感染了艾滋病毒的学生们完成学业提供方便。
针对高校青年学生的防艾工作虽说是教育行政部门与高校的分内事，但是，我们的社会各界也应该有良知，来促进那些正处于青春期的大学生健康成长。
还有，我们的家庭，尤其是我们的父母，不要以为孩子考上了大学就万事大吉，放任孩子，这其实同样会害了孩子，会影响孩子的健康成长。孩子考上大学，作为家长，依然不能放松对孩子的教育，尤其是性方面的教育，要有正确的引导，让孩子安全度过青春危险期。
高校何以成为艾滋病的重灾区？这不是我们只需要思考的时候，而是我们需要面对、需要以实行行动来应对的时候。要将艾滋病毒逐出校园，不能再停留在口号，而需要我们整个高校、整个社会、每个家庭都联动起来，共同发力将艾滋病的宣传教育细水长流地进行下去。如果说曾经的失语已经难以弥补，那么今天严峻的现实会倒逼我们行动起来。
关心、关注大学生的健康成长，不只是因为他们是孩子，还是我们的未来和希望！