Beijing, Zhang Gaotie, China will build "best station" maximum depth of 102 metres | | line | tunnel _ the station news
Badaling has been in the construction of the tunnel, a "micro-damage blast of" protecting the great wall; Beijing, Zhang Gaotie, Beijing underground within a ring, old Beijing line track to deactivate
The Beijing News (Xinhua Zhao Shi) at present Beijing-Zhang Gaotie has made good progress. On September 28, the reporter was informed at the construction site, bridge and Badaling has started the construction of the tunnel in guanting reservoir, at Juyongguan pass tunnel project has run through 174 metres, known as the tunnel below the item difficulty of Badaling, import has completed 159 meters.
City councils in charge, at present, the construction units of the project have been approaching along the station design has been released, planned to be completed before the end of October this year rings in Beijing Beijing, Cheung relocation of rail lines, and subsequently rebuilt and a new station, ensure that all traffic in 2019.
"The deepest station" will use the highest escalator
Basement area of 36,000 square meters, the maximum depth of 102 metres, Badaling great wall became the world's largest, buried most of the high-speed rail and underground station. Is responsible for the construction of the iron in the five engineer Luo Douhao said construction will start before the end of the great wall at Badaling station, currently tailored for its construction, also set a more "China's".
Zhang Gaotie are the 10 stations of the line in Beijing, Badaling great wall station is the only underground station, located in the Badaling area rolling gutter below the parking lot, adjacent to Beijing Badaling great wall, "large number of station main cave, and cave complex, cross-node-intensive, is the most complex of dark holes station, the excavation of the tunnel was the largest single arch span railway tunnel. ”
For the design of the station, Luo Douhao introduction, main station for 3-layer structure, is divided into a platform layer and two-layer access to the channel layer, passenger access lift height to 62 meters, is currently the highest, "our station passages for laminated form is used for the first time, in and out of traffic separation and balanced in and out of station layout. ”
It is worth mentioning that, growing up a promotion escalators and inclined elevators and other advanced equipment will be enabled at the Badaling great wall, "from the one-time passenger lift platform to the ground station using escalators should be the highest. ”
In addition, the Badaling great wall station was designed using annular aid corridor design, ventilation, access and other lap around the station, have access to the station from multiple locations, formation of corner relief.
North within five rings thoroughly grade crossing
Jingzhanggaotie full length 174 km, in the territory of 70 km of which are in Beijing. City councils in charge, walking routes in the jingzhanggaotie rings in Beijing, is designed as an underground line, old jingzhang railway track laying on the ground will deactivating, this means, Haidian, Changping District will end up leaving grade crossing, four crossing, wudaokou, College Road grade crossing will be canceled.
The charge, the relocation of these lines will be completed by the end of October, after which was supposed to be out the old Beijing railway line S2 and green trains from Beijing to Zhangjiakou, the station relocation will be temporarily.
Involved in jingzhanggaotie line station in Beijing, Qinghe railway station will be rebuilt, according to the plan, the station will become Beijing's northwestern traffic hub, "in addition to the high-speed lines, two urban rail transit line line Line 13 and Line 15, will also converge here, furthermore there is bus route design. "The official said, the current design has been completed, is expected to start next year. Qinghe railway station station was also planned as a historical Memorial remains.
Secrets
1 through a tunnel to achieve speeds 350km?
Innovation bridges and construction method of comfort excellent
Jingzhanggaotie is the world's first design of 350 kilometers per hour in Alpine, big sandy railway and via massive mountains, the vast majority of routes running through the tunnel. Under such an environment, how to speed 350km/h?
Zhang, Chairman, Deputy Director of the Beijing railway Bureau, Beijing Yu Zexi introduction, objective-based building environment, jingzhanggaotie is a track, namely the traditional laying sleepers and the gravel track, which has high requirements for bridge structures. "Specially developed for this we are in the process of building a new type, dynamic simulation by checking the dynamic behavior of the bridge meets the requirements, vehicle operating comfort best. Is the world's first set of standard beam for track speed of 350 kilometers. ”
In addition, in order to reduce the influence of bridge construction on both transit operation, across the Beijing-Tibet Expressway and Daqin railway, also used Pier erection method for independent research and development of continuous box beam maximum span of 128 m, maximum swivel weight of 8700 tonnes, is currently the largest span, the maximum tonnage of high-speed railway continuous beam Pier top swivel.
Jingzhanggaotie will pass through the village and the great wall scenic area, great vibration noise from high speed how to hack? Luo Douhao said that on this particular route, track, rail height height of 76.5 cm, reduces vibration noise.
2 tunnel under construction would damage the great wall?
Micro-damage blast, people not on the wall felt
Jingzhanggaotie in the course of construction, most attention is its great wall along a parallel water twice under the Badaling great wall. Tunnel to cross the Badaling great wall world heritage core area, national treasure and artifacts. Through deep tunnels with high, often use blast way, will this affect such important relics of the great wall protection?
Luo Douhao introduced at the time of construction design of Beijing, Zhang Gaotie, developed specifically for the Badaling tunnel plan "for the protection of cultural relics, we developed a precision micro-damage control blasting technology, vibration speed from the General blasting technology of 5 cm/s down to 0.2 cm/s. ”
"For example, 0.2 cm per second, felt, in the blast, people near the equivalent of vehicles driving by. "Also, said Luo Douhao, they will blast through the detonator segments, to shorten the time lag to a minimum, so blasting achieves precise aim.
"Two tunnels under the Badaling great wall, bottom of the distance at the top of the great wall is 103 meters and 92 meters high, based on current research and development of blasting technology, internal to blast the tunnel, even if the person is on the great wall will not feel anything. "He said, Badaling tunnel is expected by February 2019 laying jingzhanggaotie.
3 How to protect 107 Qinglongqiao railway station?
With shallow tunnel, by artificial means
The Qinglongqiao railway station is located in the foot of the Badaling great wall in Beijing is a four station, but it is most noticeable on the jingzhang railway stations. 100 years ago, Zhan tianyou was here cleverly uses "people"-shaped rail, solved the technical problems of Badaling steep high.
Now, this century-old "human" character tracks still in the extended run, 107 Tsing Lung Bridge would stand still bear witness to more than more than 10 trains a day after. Their presence also bears witness to the development road of China's railway.
Today, the jingzhanggaotie cue with shallow tunnel there are two, one is the smallest village of shifosi, buried 10 meters deep, the other one is Beijing, Cheung Tsing Lung Bridge railway stations, the minimum depth is only 4 meters.
Century how Rails and centuries-old protection? Luo Douhao said in this section of the tunnel construction is expected for February 2018, "it for a long while only 40 m, but to use artificial methods to protect cultural relics. ”
Responsible editor: Zhang Xiaoya
Article keywords:Station high-speed rail tunnel construction
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The Beijing News
中国京张高铁将建造“最深车站” 最大埋深102米|车站|高铁|隧道_新闻资讯
八达岭隧道已在施工，采用“微损伤爆破”保护长城；京张高铁北京五环内走地下，老京张线地上轨道停用
新京报讯 （记者赵实）目前京张高铁工程已取得新进展。9月28日，记者在施工现场获悉，官厅水库特大桥及八达岭隧道已开始施工，位于居庸关的隧道工程已贯穿174米，被喻为项目难点的八达岭下方隧道，进口已完成159米。
市住建委相关负责人介绍，目前，项目各标段施工单位已进场，沿途车站规划设计也已出炉，计划在今年10月底前完成北京五环内老京张铁路轨道线路的改移，随后着手改建及新建沿途车站，确保全线2019年通车。
“最深车站”将用国内最高扶梯
地下建筑面积3.6万平米、最大埋深102米，八达岭长城站由此成为世界上规模最大、埋深最深的高铁地下车站。负责该标段施工的中铁五局总工程师罗都颢说，八达岭长城站将在年底前开工建设，目前为其量身打造的施工技术，也创下了多个“中国之最”。
在京张高铁正线的10座车站中，八达岭长城站是唯一地下车站，位于八达岭景区滚天沟停车场下方，毗邻八达岭长城，“车站主洞数量多、洞型复杂、交叉节点密集，是国内最复杂的暗挖洞群车站，其隧道也是国内单拱跨度最大的暗挖铁路隧道。”
对于车站设计，罗都颢介绍，车站主体为3层结构，总共分为一层站台层和两层进出站通道层，旅客进出站提升高度达到62米，是目前国内最高的，“我们首次采用了叠层进出站通道形式，将进出站客流完全分离，同时进出站口均衡布置。”
值得一提的是，一次提升长大扶梯及斜行电梯等先进设备也将在八达岭长城站启用，“从站台层一次性将旅客起升到地面站层，采用的扶梯应该是国内最高的。”
此外，八达岭长城站还设计采用环形救援廊道设计，通风道、救援通道等围绕车站一圈，从多个位置都可进入车站，形成无死角救援。
北城五环内彻底告别平交道口
京张高铁全长174公里，其中有70公里是在北京境内。市住建委相关负责人介绍，京张高铁在北京五环内行走的线路，都设计为地下线路，地上铺设的老京张铁路轨道都将停用，这意味着，海淀、昌平区将彻底告别平交道口，四道口、五道口、学院南路等平交道口都将取消。
该负责人介绍，这些线路的改移工作将在10月底前完成，之后，原本要走老京张铁路的S2线和北京至张家口的绿皮火车，车站将暂时改移。
京张高铁线路所涉及的北京车站中，清河站将重建，按照规划，该站将成为北京西北部地区的交通枢纽，“除高铁外，两条城市轨道交通13号线和15号线，也将在此交会，此外还有公交线路设计。”该负责人说，目前设计方案已完成，预计开工时间在明年。但清河站的老车站也计划作为历史纪念保留下来。
■ 揭秘
1 穿越隧道如何实现时速350km？
创新桥梁及施工方法，运行舒适性会达优秀
京张高铁也是世界上第一条设计时速350公里的高寒、大风沙高速铁路，而且，途经大面积山地，绝大多数路线要从隧道中穿过。这样的环境之下，如何实现350km/h的速度？
北京铁路局副局长、京张公司董事长余泽西介绍，基于客观的建设环境，京张高铁采用的是有砟轨道，即传统的铺枕木和石子的轨道，这就对桥梁结构有很高的要求。“为此我们在建设过程中专门研制了新的梁型，经动力仿真检算，桥梁各项动力性能满足要求，车辆运行舒适性达到优秀。是国际上首套适用于时速350公里有砟轨道的标准梁型。”
另外，为减少桥梁施工对既有交通运营的影响，在跨越京藏高速公路和大秦铁路时，还采用了自主研发的墩顶转体施工方法，连续梁最大跨度128米，最大转体重量8700吨，是目前国内最大跨度、最大吨位的高速铁路墩顶转体连续梁。
京张高铁还会经过村庄和长城景区，高速行驶带来的巨大震动噪音如何破解？罗都颢说，在这段特殊路线上，采用无砟轨道，将铁轨高度加高至76.5厘米，有效减少了震动噪音。
2 隧道下穿施工是否会损坏长城？
采用微损伤爆破，人在长城上无震感
京张高铁的施工过程中，最受关注的，就是其沿线有一处要并行水关长城，两次下穿八达岭长城。隧道要穿越八达岭长城世界文化遗产核心区，国宝级文物众多。打通较深较高的隧道，通常会使用爆破的方式，这是否会影响到对长城等重要文物的保护？
罗都颢介绍，在进行京张高铁施工设计时，专门为八达岭隧道制定了爆破方案，“为保护文物，我们研发了精准微损伤控制爆破技术，将震速从普通爆破技术的5厘米/秒降到0.2厘米/秒。”
“打个比方，0.2厘米每秒的震感，在爆破时，人在附近的感觉相当于车辆行驶而过。”而且，罗都颢说，他们还将通过雷管的段数来进行爆破，将时间差缩短到最小，这样爆破时能达到精准的目的。
“两处下穿八达岭长城的隧道，顶部距离长城底部高分别是103米和92米，以目前研发的爆破技术，隧道内部进行爆破时，即使人正在长城上，也不会有任何感觉。”他说，京张高铁八达岭隧道预计在2019年2月实现铺轨。
3 如何保护107岁青龙桥火车站？
隧道埋深较浅，采取人工开凿手段
地处北京八达岭长城脚下的青龙桥火车站虽然只是一个四等小站，但却是京张铁路线上最引人注目的车站。100年前，詹天佑就是在这里巧妙地运用了“人”字形铁路，解决了八达岭坡度陡高的技术性难题。
现在，这条百年“人”字铁轨仍在延伸运行，107岁的青龙桥站每天仍然见证着10余趟列车的经过。它们的存在，也见证着中国铁路的发展之路。
如今，京张高铁的八达岭隧道有两处埋深较浅，一处是最小埋深10米的石佛寺村，另一处就是老京张铁路青龙桥车站，最小埋深仅4米。
百年铁轨和百年老站如何保护？罗都颢说，在这一段隧道施工预计在2018年2月进行，“这一段虽然只有40米长，但要采用人工开凿的手法以保护文物。”
责任编辑：张小雅
文章关键词： 车站 高铁 隧道 施工
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