BT paradise webmaster, Japan animation subtitle group was caught: what have they really done-genuine, subtitles, piracy-IT information
Yesterday two news:
-Illegal BT download and magnetic "BT paradise" website Chief Yuan Moufei in Suzhou, Jiangsu Huaian was arrested;
-Two Chinese nationals, "a clear cloudless sky Academy" subtitle group member Japan police on suspicion of illegal infringement of arrests spread anime in Kyoto.
In fact, since one after another, being "thorough reform" of not more than two.
Thought network from "China maximum of digital HD portal website" to became "domestic first network copyright crime"; fast broadcast from content share free platform to Wang Xin recognize "spread obscene materials profit crime"; blue shadow network from P2P movie share website to closed, and transformation for movie since media; 3DM from cracked piracy game started to founder bed and breakfasts Fifi announced will no longer for single game of cracked work......
National Working Group has a comprehensive line of genuine, members include the National Copyright Office, national Office, Ministry of information, Ministry of public security of the Internet, will continue with the second half of this year.
Do BT resource sites are actually doing what?
On above of first article news, according to police survey, BT heaven since June 2015 yilai, website head Yuan Moufei in without authorized of situation Xia, will from Internet Shang collection of 10,000 more than Department involved both at home and abroad television works of BT seed and magnetic links, storage placed in himself is responsible for business and maintenance of "BT heaven", and "Thunder home", and "Thunder Hong Kong" 3 a television download website Shang, for netizens free download play.
The peak, the site daily IP traffic to reach 600,000 pageviews daily PV reaches 3 million.
According to Yuan Moufei, and website related affiliate account and profit model for the adoption of binding site domain name and bank card, advertising, profit within one year more than 900,000 yuan. According to Chinese law, Yuan Moufei alleged crime of copyright infringement.
And in connection with "BT paradise", is used in many film download site BT (BitTorrent) download agreement, a P2P (peer to peer) technology, compared with commonly used HTTP, FTP, PUB and download agreement, BT Protocol to download faster.
When more than one user at the same time when you download a file from the BT server, according to the actual situation of BT technology allows users to download content from the other user's machine. Download file, for example ABC, already downloaded the first part b download the second part, c can be downloaded from a first part, downloaded from the b part II, ease server stress, so BT agreement was subject to popular resources download site.
So people who download and resource providers.
Regardless of the human cost of operation or a server to provide "free downloads" site itself is needed to survive, it will have a different business model, such as advertising, download the bundle, paid members, and so on.
Download site know, sites tend to be large, cheap advertising for the game screen, the most I've ever seen "clean" a resource website also has the following contents:
A BT site
There are also many PT (Private Tracker) resource sharing site, emphasizing the intimate small downloads, users want to download, you must upload (conservation), amount of upload user rights, reach would be kicked out of the party. In fact, it is primarily a play different BT technology, and related Web sites also need advertising revenue to maintain the site.
A known PT website
Once the site is profitable, would constitute a "crime of copyright infringement"-through the subjective intent, and profit.
If some sites for purely non-profit organizations, gathered only as a hobby, transfer of resources. But as the number of resources in the effective delivery of today, the site may also be suspected of a crime, depending on the circumstances, different issues, different judgments.
In fact, Western developed countries in focusing on copyright, P2P download sites there are many pirated resources, they also face a risk of being shut down by law.
In July, two of the world's top 2 BT website Kickass Torrents, Torrentz shut, netizens are not accustomed to use iTunes to download the foreigner a whine.
Top Kickass torrents are sealed
However, BT also have warriors, ranked third (Kickass Torrents, Torrentz is stopped, won the first) the BT Web site the Pirate Bay (The Pirate Bay) was repeatedly defeated and war: since its establishment 13 years, repeatedly suffered closure crisis, founder Peter Sunde was convicted for 5 months. Not long ago, Sony music, EMI, Warner Music, universal music, and 5 record companies suing Sunde, Sandy said the Pirate Bay pirate music content of more than more than 60 singers, judge Sunde to pay a fine of $ 395,000. But Sunde said he had left the Pirate Bay for 7 years, it is not on his head.
Subtitles also in tort on the wire of struggling
Subtitle groups also use unauthorized content, different is that the subtitle group has provided free translations, friends high in the minds of devotees.
Today news, Japan arrested by police on suspicion of violation of the Copyright Act from "clear and empty Garden" subtitle group, they had been uploaded without permission on the Internet and expose Japan anime:
South District of Yokohama, 30, a company employee: July 31 anime arslaan war record of dust in a flurry as sharing files illegally posted on the Web and sent randomly to the netizens, "was commissioned by the marquee group of friends animation before uploading to the Internet."
20 year old student, Taito-ku, Tokyo: August 18 anime magic girl Fate/kaleid liner Elizabeth ya illegally posted on the Web, "served as subtitles in the subtitle group synthesis work. ”
Subtitle group behavior, such as violations of the right of translation of works, lawyer Raymond Wang had answered in the know call (deletion):
If subtitle Group authorized to access copyright, open sharing of content is hard to reference the copyright law's "fair use" as a reason for exclusion, especially in a number of films and subtitle group ads (their profit purpose), undoubtedly constitute an act of infringement, copyright is held is another matter. Simple to make external subtitles and share you will need to discuss the situation. Subtitles is part of the film, also owns the copyright, including the right to translation. But the subtitle translation and sharing activity is relatively easy to explain as "for private study, research or to admire" the "fair use", although downloads are far-fetched. From the perspective of business practice, copyright essential on the sources focus on the fight against piracy, high tolerance for piracy of the title.
Although the marquee group and some "only for personal learning" "Please download within 24 hours after removing" "does not bear any responsibility" disclaimer, but all these declarations have no legal effect. 09 "Tomato Garden"-related cases, the trial judge said:
"He is required in each version deleted by another user within 24 hours, but now objectively is, many users downloaded the tomato version of the software is not deleted after, continuing in use. It creates a bad influence. That is there are so many people in China are using the Tomato Garden of pirated software, it would be a violation of Microsoft's legal interests. ”
In late 2014 when the network crackdown on pirating and infringement, all television, shooters and other titles have closed, but so far, subtitling group strike is not much, then survive subtitle Group also face money problems--no money, no server.
Elite subtitle Group had cried no money to maintain the server, user's solution is to raise (the following is the elite subtitles group official micro-content):
Our subtitling group now exists the problem of funding crisis, Japan recorded the source server, the Forum server requires a fixed storage and maintenance costs. Forum a few years ago a little advertising and co-operation with aiqi art we have some income, but did not last long, due to various reasons, aiqi art can buy serial drama of copyright, we will break the source of income.
Ching was established more than 10 years, we have also had financial problems, management of its own internal solution. Yesterday, there have been several team members give me the money, really moved, but don't really want to get their money, everyone free to do the subtitles is very hard.
Like Ching referred to by the subtitle group, video sites and genuine cooperation is one of the many sources of funding of the marquee group: YouTube and "gods subtitle group" cooperation over the cartoon, aiqi art from the stars of your transcript from "Korean drama Phoenix Angel" provision. Had the subtitle group members revealed that his website and video subtitles group cooperation, was paid 500 yuan per episode.
These profits means it sounds legitimate, legal but popular touch. But some profit and became the target of the marquee group, is considered to be "true" piracy, such as pig subtitles group not only has ads on the site, also plug in video advertising on Taobao opened the "pig subtitles group around" store for some captioning resource prices.
Pig subtitles group around the shop some products
Indeed, some leaks, do free subtitles subtitles group members are actually paid, some netizens claimed: "I know individual translation of Korean people have the money, a friend of mine did this, like number of 200 pieces. ”
Download the sky above pirating resources
In addition to BT resource sites, captions group, there are large pirate living very nourishing, netizens said, "first Sin entrepreneurs through Internet piracy of music, video, earn money, and started to wash the white, purchased copyrights, began to use legal means to suppress subsequent imitators, establishment of barriers. ”
BT天堂站长、日本动漫字幕组被抓：他们究竟干了啥 - 正版,字幕,盗版 - IT资讯
昨天有这样两个新闻：
-提供非法BT和磁力下载的“BT天堂”网站负责人袁某飞在苏州被江苏淮安警方抓获；
-两名中国籍“澄空学园”字幕组成员被日本警方以涉嫌非法侵权传播动漫作品在京都逮捕。
其实，陆续以来，被“正本清源”的不止以上两家。
思路网从“中国最大的数字高清门户网站”到成为“国内首例网络著作权犯罪”；快播从内容分享自由平台到王欣认“传播淫秽物品牟利罪”；蓝影网从P2P电影分享网站到关门、转型为电影自媒体；3DM从破解盗版游戏起家到创始人宿菲菲宣布将不再进行单机游戏的破解工作......
国家正版化工作组已经全面上线，成员包括国家版权局、国家互联网信息办公室、工信部、中国公安部，今年下半年还将持续发力。
做BT资源的网站们实际上在做什么？
关于上面的第一条新闻，据警方调查，BT天堂自2015年6月以来，网站负责人袁某飞在未经授权的情况下，将从互联网上采集的一万余部涉及国内外影视作品的BT种子和磁力链接，存储放置在自己负责经营和维护的“BT天堂”、“迅雷家”、“迅雷港”3个影视下载网站上，供网民免费下载播放。
高峰时期，该网站日均IP访问量达到60万，日均PV浏览量达到300万。
据袁某飞交待，网站的盈利模式为通过相关广告联盟注册账号并绑定网站域名和银行卡，投放广告，一年内盈利达九十余万元。根据中国法律规定，袁某飞涉嫌侵犯著作权罪。
和涉案的“BT天堂”一样，很多影视作品资源下载网站都采用BT（BitTorrent）下载协议，一种P2P（peer to peer）技术，相较常用的HTTP、FTP、PUB等下载协议，BT协议下载速度更快。
而当多个用户同时从BT服务器上下载文件时，BT技术根据实际情况让用户从其他用户的机器中下载内容。比如ABC都在下载文件，A已经下载好第一部分，B下载好了第二部分，则C可以从A处下载第一部分、从B处下载第二部分，减轻服务器压力，因此BT协议很受资源下载网站热捧。
所以下载资源的人，也是资源提供者。
不管是人力运营还是服务器成本，提供“免费下载”的资源网站本身是需要资金才得以活下去的，这也就有了他们不同的盈利模式，比如广告、捆绑下载、付费会员等等。
用过资源下载网站的人都知道，网站往往都被大片大片的游戏、低俗等广告占屏，我见过最“干净”的一家资源网站也有如下广告内容：
某BT资源网站
另外还有很多PT（Private Tracker）资源分享网站，强调私密小范围下载，用户想下载，必须上传(保种)，上载量决定用户权限，伸手党会被踢出。其实，它本质上还是玩法不一样的BT技术，且相关网站也需要广告收入维系网站。
某知名PT网站
一旦这些网站有盈利行为，就涉嫌构成“侵犯著作权罪”——在主观方面表现为故意，并且具有营利目的。
如果有些网站为纯粹非盈利机构，仅因爱好而聚集，互传资源。但随着资源有效传播次数的累计，网站也有可能涉嫌犯罪，根据不同情况，不同争议点，有不同的判断。
其实，在注重版权的西方发达国家，也有众多提供盗版资源P2P下载的网站，它们也同样面临依法被关停的风险。
今年7月，世界排名前2的两家BT网站Kickass Torrents和Torrentz被关停，不习惯使用iTunes下载的老外网友们也是一片哀嚎。
最受欢迎的Kickass torrents被依法查封
不过，BT届也有战士，排名第三（Kickass Torrents和Torrentz被封停后，勇夺第一）的BT网站海盗湾（The Pirate Bay）则是屡败屡战：成立至今13年，多次遭遇关闭危机，创始人Peter Sunde曾被定罪入狱5个月。不久前，索尼音乐、EMI、华纳音乐、环球音乐等5家唱片公司起诉Sunde桑迪，称海盗湾盗版了60多名歌手的音乐内容，法官判定Sunde需支付39.5万美元的罚金。不过Sunde表示自己已经离开海盗湾7年了，这事儿算不到自己头上。
字幕组也在侵权的钢丝上艰难前行
字幕组同样使用了未授权内容，不同的是，字幕组无偿提供了翻译，是网友心目中的高尚奉献者。
今天新闻里被日本警方以涉嫌违反《著作权法》拘捕的人来自“澄空学园”字幕组，他们曾在网上私自上传并公开日本动漫：
横滨市南区30岁某公司职员：7月31日将动漫《亚尔斯兰战记风尘乱舞》作为共享文件非法上传至网络并随机发送给了多名网友，“是受字幕组朋友的委托才将动漫上传到网上”。
东京都台东区的20岁留学生：8月18日将动漫《Fate/kaleid liner魔法少女伊莉雅》非法上传至网络，“在字幕组中担任字幕合成工作。”
字幕组行为主要侵犯的是作品的翻译权等，律师Raymond Wang曾在知乎上作答称（有删减）：
如果字幕组没有获得版权方的授权，公开分享影片内容的行为很难引用《著作权法》中的“合理使用”作为免责的理由，尤其是一些影片中还有字幕组添加的广告（证明其有赢利目的），无疑构成侵权行为，版权方是否追究则是另一回事。单纯制作外挂式字幕并分享的情况则需要具体讨论。字幕是影视作品的一部分，也拥有版权，包括翻译权。不过字幕的翻译和分享行为相对更容易解释成“为个人学习、研究或者欣赏”的“合理使用”，尽管从下载量来看也比较牵强。从商业实践看，版权方基本把精力放在打击片源的盗版上，对字幕的盗版行为容忍度较高。
虽然字幕组都会有的“仅供个人学习交流”“请于下载后二十四小时内删除”“不承担任何责任”免责声明，但这些声明自始至终都不具有法律效应。在09年“番茄花园案”的相关案件中，主审法官曾说：
“他在每个版本上都是要求其他使用者24小时之内删除，但是现在客观上的情况是，许多用户下载了番茄版本软件之后没有删除，继续在使用。那么就造成了一个比较恶劣的影响。也就是说在中国范围内有那么多人都在使用番茄花园盗版的软件，那就侵犯了微软公司的合法利益。”
2014年末网络严打盗版侵权时，人人影视、射手网等字幕曾关停过，不过这么久以来，字幕组被严打的情况并不多，那么生存下来字幕组就同样要面临钱的问题——没钱就没服务器。
日菁字幕组就曾哭诉过没钱维持服务器，网友提出的解决办法是众筹（以下为日菁字幕组的官微内容）：
我们字幕组现在确实存在了经费危机的问题，日本录片源的服务器，论坛的服务器都需要固定的保管和维护费用。前几年论坛有点广告及跟爱奇艺的合作我们有过一些收入，但好景不长，由于种种原因，爱奇艺也不买连载剧的版权了，我们也就断了收入来源。
日菁成立也有十几年了，我们曾经也出现过一次经费问题，管理层自己内部解决的。昨天已经有好几个组员给我转了钱，真的很感动，但真的不想拿他们的钱啊，大家无偿做字幕已经很辛苦了。
就像日菁字幕组提到的，与正版视频网站合作曾是众多字幕组的资金来源之一：优酷与“诸神字幕组”合作过两部动漫，爱奇艺《来自星星的你》的字幕由“凤凰天使韩剧社”提供等。曾有字幕组成员透露，他所在的字幕组和视频网站合作，得到了每集500元的报酬。
这些盈利手段听起来似乎正当，虽触碰法律但得民心。可有些字幕组的盈利行为且成了众矢之的，被认为是“真正的”盗版，比如猪猪字幕组，不仅网站上有广告，还会在视频做中插广告；在淘宝上开了“猪猪字幕组周边”店，对一些字幕资源明码标价。
猪猪字幕组周边店的部分产品
甚至，有人爆料，做免费字幕的字幕组成员实际是有报酬的，曾有网友爆料：“我知道个别翻译韩剧的人是有拿钱的，我的一朋友做这个，好象是多少部200块来着。”
天空下载上面的盗版资源
除了BT资源网站、字幕组，其实还有一些盗版大户活得非常滋润，用网友的话说，“第一批带着原罪的互联网创业者通过盗版音乐、视频赚到钱以后，开始洗白，购买版权，开始用法律的手段来打压后来的模仿者，建立壁垒。”