China hotly debated whether to cancel Housing Fund: cancel the Provident Fund is not a good way to | | | canceled _ the Government of housing accumulation Fund news

CNS, Beijing, October 4 (reporters and)-recently, a report put the housing accumulation fund system on the cusp, about "cancel Housing Fund" is feasible argument. Experts believe that the housing fund system has not adapted to the new situation, but "one" is not the best way, how to protect workers ' interests? In house security link, there is no substitute for financial support? In what ways do current policies can also "fine tuning" issues to be further discussed.

　　Provident Fund usage how?

With rising house prices, catch, "room" topics will touch the sensitive nerves of buyers.

Recently, the Vice President of the China labor society Su Hainan said in a media interview, "proposal to abolish the housing Provident Fund". Reason is straightforward, low rates of housing Provident Fund is mainly high and middle income obtained, increase the income gap, has breached policy in mind.

2015 annual report of the housing Provident Fund in 2015, housing accumulation Fund paid 123.9331 million employees, and individual housing loans of 3.125 million for the year. Thus calculated, paid that year number number of Provident Fund only paid about 2.5%.

"The worker pays the housing Provident Fund is not only paid for one year extraction using, nor are all in the same year, the crowd is not a good measure. "Professor Li Shi told Xinhua Beijing, Beijing Normal University School of Economics and management (app public: cns2012) journalist, how this system service number, service also depends on the loan. In 2015, housing common reserve fund loan amount paid of 70%. "Even at 70% is not high, this means years of housing accumulation Fund paid the balance, not being fully used . ”

As a real estate salesman in Tongzhou, Fund Management Center management departments before queuing overnight. Photo: CFP vision China

　　Provident Fund loan spell but why credits?

Fellow residents purchase forms of financial support, housing fund loans and commercial loans, home buyers are more likely to choose?

" Most of the buyers credit will be selected instead of Provident Fund loans ", 5 years HomeLink estate agent Wang Meng told reporters that the advantages of Provident Fund loans are low interest rates, but the current loan interest rate is not too high, the most important loans access to loans, is low down payments .

At present, the Provident Fund loans lending rate of more than 5 years to 3.25%, slightly lower compared to commercial loan interest rate; 20 loan interest rate is 4.9%. If the Provident Fund loan and commercial loan of 1 million Yuan, respectively, 20 years, constant principal and interest repayment, both the difference in monthly payments of less than 1000 Yuan.

No obvious interest, loans total was lost on many, become the main reason that buyers do not use provident fund housing loans.

According to the Housing Fund Management Center of Central Government public release of information, States the maximum limits for Provident Fund loans to buy first home 1.2 million Yuan, two sets of loan maximum amount to 800,000 yuan.

" Loans there is no maximum loan appraised value up to 70%. Materials in General is to submit the certificate of salary, if the loan amount is too much, depends on the Bank water. "Wang Meng said that loan lending high loan amount, loan period is short, many owners would like .

Provident Fund loan approvals cumbersome materials, procedures, is being arranged by Qi Xiaojie deep experience. Qi Xiaojie extraction application to the unit housing fund, extract information for synchronization was asked to provide her husband and marriage certificates, "wrote you as Fang Ben first husband's name."

"Now want to change the order to no avail, after all, her husband is the primary lender, his procedure would be more trouble. "Miss justified concern, before and after the order of names on the room will affect the handling of other affairs, the House is purchased together after marriage, but there are home buyers qualify.

Information diagram.

　　If not a provident fund to supplement workers ' interests?

"The abolition of housing accumulation fund system" proposal, initially from the Research Institute of Beijing Normal University, China's income distribution in August this year, according to a report.

In the view of Mr LI, housing accumulation fund system are not suitable for today's housing needs. Commercial loans on the one hand more perfect, can supplement the housing finance system, market-oriented operation is better, on the paid population, percentage of civil servants and employees of public institutions is too large, this mandatory subsidy model, will increase the inequality of income distribution, in addition, that most of people paid into the Fund, could not enjoy the well-being, resulting in dislocation.

But for ordinary workers, they failed to cancel is not the point, is there a better purchase financial solutions as an alternative, they are most concerned about.

Beijing girl Jiang Tong in support of abolishing the Housing Fund, "is that provident funds to payroll, monthly revenue, receiving together don't have to retire; second, even if the purchase, commercial loans can also be added. ”

"Staff is the basic principle of undiminished interest, if the removal of the Provident Fund system, link in loans and corporate subsidies should be complemented. "Mr Li explained that during the loan process, credits can be used as a valid alternative, in the form of subsidized loans to explore, management easier in corporate subsidies and link housing fund becomes part of her salary, pay employees .

"Effect of subsidized loans could reach the Fund subsidies" questioning, Mr Li said, subsidized loans the Government to solve, through low interest rates reduce loan costs for buyers as a whole in order to achieve the purpose of financial support to just need to purchase the crowd .

Information diagram. News Agency reporters in Dongming Wang photography

　　"Cancel the Provident Fund" will give rise to what problem?

Oppose the abolition of Housing Fund in the telecommunications industry, housing accumulation fund system is defective, but not to "Cancel" this step.

E-House Research Institute think-tank, Center Director Yan Yuejin told reporters that "the removal of the Provident Fund system is unrealistic, not because of housing accumulation fund system defects simply denied its role. Moreover, the Provident Fund in support of the first suite of role are still large. ”

China policy Science Research Institute Director, Senior Economist Xu Xun had an interview also points out that housing provident fund involves the fundamental interests of the people and the people, can not be too rash. " Ordinary civil servants monthly at a higher proportion to be paid by the Provident Fund is money, if you cancel, already paid money to do? How to compensate? ”

"The Fund is like buying insurance, I do not know on which days will be used, helping you maintain a cash flow. "Using the housing accumulation Fund as early as 2012 in Beijing homebuyers how small has its own considerations, who can guarantee that not buying now, will not buy in the future, if not this demand, retirement taken out when pension money is good .

　　"The big change," not yet how to "fine tune" renewing vitality?

Since the housing accumulation fund system "major changes" difficult local trimmer is to be an option, a number of experts and scholars issued "prescription".

Yan Yuejin said that housing accumulation fund system first "subtraction", simplified payment queries, extract, renewal procedures and process, gradually reducing barriers to extraction procedures easier, and to a certain extent, combat the phenomenon of illegal extraction of mediating institutions .

Housing Fund loans cannot be foot problems. Yan Yuejin proposed provident fund loans for second homes on the block channel which give first-time homebuyers Fund loan facilities to meet loan demand.

Provident Fund system with mandatory saving, both advantages and disadvantages. Mr Li believes that "mandatory" was occupied by some demand money, unable to benefit more people in need of housing accumulation Fund. " Should become mandatory as the autonomous choices, paid by the employee to choose whether to participate in the Provident Fund , and through information management center audits, to determine whether there is really a demand, for special needs populations to join system." (End)

Responsible editor: Wei chun

Article keywords:
Housing Fund the Government to cancel

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中国学术界热烈讨论是否取消住房公积金：取消公积金不是好办法|住房公积金|政府|取消_新闻资讯

　　中新网北京10月4日电 （种卿）近日，一则报道将住房公积金制度推上风口浪尖，引发有关“取消住房公积金”是否可行的争论。有专家认为，住房公积金制度已不适应新形势，然而“一消了之”绝非上策，如何保障职工利益？在住房保障环节，有无可替代的金融支持手段？现有政策还可以在哪些方面“微调”等课题有待进一步探讨。

　　公积金使用率到底如何？

　　伴随房价上涨，搭上“房”的话题都会触动购房者的敏感神经。

　　近日，中国劳动学会副会长苏海南在接受媒体采访时就表示，“建议取消住房公积金”。理由很直接，住房公积金使用率偏低，主要是被高、中收入者所获得，加大收入差距，已违背政策初衷。

　　《中国住房公积金2015年年度报告》显示，2015年住房公积金实缴职工12393.31万人，而全年发放个人住房贷款312.50万笔。由此推算出，当年支取公积金人数只占到缴存人数的2.5%左右。

　　“职工缴纳住房公积金既不是只缴纳一年、也不是都在同年提取使用，人群比例不是一个好的衡量指标。”北京师范大学经济管理学院教授李实告诉中新网（微信公众号：cns2012）记者，这项制度服务多少人、服务力度如何，还要看存贷比例。2015年，中国住房公积金贷款额占到缴存额的70%。“即使达到七成也不高，这意味着住房公积金年缴存仍有余额，未被全部利用。”

图为房产业务员在公积金管理中心通州管理部门前通宵排队。 图片来源：CFP视觉中国

　　公积金贷款为何拼不过商贷？

　　同为居民购房的金融支持形式，住房公积金贷款和商业贷款，购房者更愿意选择谁？

　　“多数购房者会选商贷，而非公积金贷款”，从业5年的链家地产中介王猛告诉记者，公积金贷款的优势是利率偏低，但目前商贷利率也不算高，最主要是商贷可以获得高贷款、低首付。

　　目前，公积金贷款超过5年的贷款利率为3.25%，相比商贷利率略低；20年的贷款利率为4.9%。如果分别用公积金贷款和商业贷款100万元，分20年等额本息偿还，两者的月均还款额相差了不到1000元。

　　利率优势不明显，贷款总额度上却输商贷不少，成为多数购房者不使用公积金贷款购房的主因。

　　根据中央国家机关住房资金管理中心公开发布的信息，国管公积金贷款购买首套房的最高额度为120万元，二套贷款最高额度为80万元。

　　“商贷则没有最高限额，最多贷评估价的七成。一般的材料就是提交工资证明，如果贷款额度太多，就要看银行流水。”王猛说，商贷可贷款额度高、批贷放款周期短，受到很多业主喜欢。

　　对于公积金贷款的审批材料繁复、程序多的情况，正在办理中的齐小姐深有体会。齐小姐向单位申请提取住房公积金，却被要求同步提供老公的提取信息和结婚证，“就因为房本先写了老公的名字”。

　　“现在想把顺序改过来也无济于事，毕竟老公是主贷人，他那边的手续就会更麻烦。”齐小姐不免担心，房本上名字的前后顺序会不会影响其他事务办理，房子是婚后共同购买，但确实用了自己的购房资格。

资料图。

　　如果没了公积金 要拿什么补充职工利益？

　　“取消住房公积金制度”的建议，最初来自于北京师范大学中国收入分配研究院今年8月份发布的一份报告。

　　在李实看来，住房公积金制度已不适于现在的住房保障需求。一方面商贷发展比较完善，完全可以补充住房金融体系，市场化运作效果也更好；另一方面，缴纳人群中，公务员和事业单位员工占比过大，这种强制性补贴模式，会加大收入分配的不平等；此外，就是大部分缴存公积金的人群，无法享受到这一福祉，造成错位。

　　而对于普通职工来说，取不取消不是重点，有没有更好的购房金融解决方案作为替代，才是他们最关心的。

　　北京姑娘江童就支持取消住房公积金，“一是，公积金如果转为工资发放，每月到手的收入多了，不用非得等退休一并领取；二是即使再购房，商贷也完全可以补充到。”

　　“职工利益不受损害是基本原则，如果取消公积金制度，在贷款和企业补贴环节都应做出补充。”李实具体解释称，在贷款环节，商贷已经可以作为有效替代，另外贴息贷款的形式也值得探索，管理办法更简单；而在企业补贴环节，住房公积金可变为工资的一部分，发放给员工。

　　面对“贴息贷款能否达到公积金补贴效果”的追问，李实说，贴息贷款应有政府来解决，通过放低利率，整体降低购房者的贷款成本，以达到对刚需购房人群进行金融支持的目的。

资料图。中新社记者 王东明 摄

　　“取消公积金”会衍生哪些问题？

　　在反对取消住房公积金的业内人士看来，住房公积金制度确实存在缺陷，却还未到“取消”这一步。

　　易居研究院智库中心研究总监严跃进告诉记者，“取消公积金制度不太现实，不能因为住房公积金制度的缺陷，就否定其实际作用。而且，公积金在支持首套房的作用依然较大。”

　　中国政策科学研究会理事、高级经济师徐迅此前接受媒体采访时也指出，住房公积金涉及到民生和百姓根本利益，不能太轻率。“普通公务员每月按较高比例缴纳的公积金都是辛苦钱，如果取消，已经缴纳的钱怎么办？如何补偿？”

　　“公积金就像买大病保险，不知道哪天就会用上，帮你维系个现金流。”早在2012年就使用住房公积金在北京购房的小何有着自己的考量，谁能保证现在不买房，日后就一定不会买，即使真没这个需求，退休后取出来当笔养老钱也是好的。

　　“大改”时机未到 如何“微调”焕活力？

　　既然住房公积金制度“大改”有难度，局部微调也不失为一种选择，多位专家学者为此开出“药方”。

　　严跃进指出，住房公积金制度要先做“减法”，简化缴纳、查询、提取、续交等办理手续和流程，逐步减少提取障碍，手续容易了，也能在一定程度上打击部分中介机构违规提取的现象。

　　对于住房公积金贷款存在无法贷足的问题。严跃进建议堵上公积金对二套房的贷款通道，即优先给予首套购房者公积金贷款的便利，充分满足其贷款需求。

　　公积金制度带有强制储蓄性质，这既是优势、也存在弊端。李实就认为，“强制性”让一些没有购房需求的人占用资金，让住房公积金无法更多惠及有需要的人群。“应当变强制性为自主选择，由职工自主选择是否参与公积金缴纳，同时，相关管理中心可通过资料审核，来判断其是否真的有购房需求，让特殊需求人群加入体系”。（完）

责任编辑：隗俊

文章关键词：
住房公积金 政府 取消

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