China developed the world's largest space plane can carry 20 people | | space | space plane _ China News
Original title: China developed the world's largest space plane can carry 20 people
At the moment, China's "temple on the second" space laboratory is waiting in the space "Shenzhou 11th" ship's arrival, it was one small step for China's space industry, however, is far from enough. Travel in space is like a flying dream, space scientist's relentless pursuit. Can smooth take off and land like a plane, and can break the shackles of Earth like a rocket vehicle, is the future "space flight" the ideal carrier of. China has announced the development of a variety of options, now the models added a paragraph in the basket.
International Science Magazine New Scientist (New Scientist) website reported on October 3, even China cannot resist the attraction of space tourism. It is understood that a Government-backed China Institute is working on a giant space plane (original spaceplane, refers to the space shuttle and the space plane--observers note of the network). The space plane can carry up to 20 tourists, and fly to the edge of space in a single day – its commitment to carrying tourists outnumber any other commercial aerospace companies now.
China Academy of launch vehicle technology (CALT, referred to as the rocket, space a home network--the observer notes) recently in Mexico 67th International Astronautical Congress, held in Guadalajara (ICA), said the Institute has devised a simple integral space plane, designed to carry more passengers.
The Institute's design team wrote in the report: "more and more people are interested in space flight. "The report also said that the project is very attractive to bosses and businessmen.
Allegedly they had designed a winged rocket could take off on its own power. Which makes it different from United Kingdom Virgin Galactic's "spaceship, second" (SpaceShipTwo), which must be carried by carrying machine tools to a certain height in order to launch.
Machine tools equipped with "spacecraft, second"CALT design team leader Han Pengxin says: "space plane will take off vertically like a rocket, and landed on the runway, without intervention of any ground or airborne equipment. ”
The team has designed two versions of the space plane. First the weight of 10 tons, wingspan 6 meters, will be able to carry 5 passengers and with a maximum speed of Mach 6 flight to 100 km/h level--this is the height of the space flight began, and 2 minutes of weightlessness flights.
And the other a magnified version: wings 12 metres long, weighing about 100 tons of space plane is expected to carry up to 20 passengers, flies at Mach 8 to 130 km of altitude, and 4 minutes of weightlessness flights. This model also in the plug with the help of rockets sending small satellites into orbit. Han Pengxin says, this capacity will reduce ticket prices for tourists.
Design team hopes the space plane can be repeatedly used, so each aircraft's flight frequency will be 50 times. Han Pengxin says space flight time of the plane has been ahead of schedule. He said: "the test will be completed in the next two years, almost all ground tests completed, all subsystems working well in the tests. "He says, expect a space flight would cost between 200,000 to 250,000 dollars.
Two months ago, CALT is a member of the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, revealed that is developing portfolio powered aircraft project, future costs of ordinary people into space and is expected to greatly reduce the threshold. Portfolio is an integrated turbine powered aircraft engines, Ramjet, rocket engines and other powered vehicles.
CALT introduce Research Center Vice President project architect Yung Ho Chang, the combination of power compared to the conventional rocket-powered, it is a new dynamic, broadly speaking, is grouped together different forms of power is called the combined power. Yung Ho Chang, said plans to use 3-5 in time mastered the key technology, successfully applied at around 2030 objective to achieve suborbital applications and track using this pattern.
Now I do not know this project whether the preceding space plane is the same project, but the similarity between them is higher.
In an increasingly competitive international aviation and aerospace today, combination of powered aircraft as an important direction for future development, has significant business, economic and social value. Meanwhile, the combination of powered aircraft technical difficulty and high complexity, need to mobilize efforts, high energy, through lots of difficulties can be achieved.
In order to make a breakthrough combination of powered aircraft technology, on September 20, "the first Chinese pair powered vehicle development forum and 2016 CASC CALT Forum" held, participants explore a combination of powered aircraft technology way, talked about combination of the advantages and difficulties of powered aircraft, also shared his findings with the forward view.
From China Association, and Technology Department, and defense section workers Council, and China space technology group, and China space section workers group, and China Aviation industrial group, and China commercial aircraft limited, units and belongs research institutions, and, Chinese Academy of Sciences mechanical Institute, and Harbin University of technology, and Beihang University, and Nanjing Aeronautics and Astronautics University, and Zhejiang University, domestic related field well-known hospital by and University of led, and academician, and experts, and papers author amounted to more than 300 more than people participate in has Forum.
In addition, on September 12 on the second Summit Forum of China's commercial space, China Aerospace Science and industry Corporation unveiled the flight test completed in 2030 the space plane project "cloud."
Cloud Rider project corresponds to the empty day round-trip flight projects, break-through with a combination power, body/propulsion integration represented by the core technology, perfect the construction of test facilities, built space vehicle technology research system.
According to reports, this is executable launch tasks and reused between heaven and Earth of new generation aircraft can take off at the ground level of the airport, has the advantage of cheap, safe and convenient, mobile, is the world transportation development in the field of international hot spots.
Aerospace and aircraft took off from the airport level, in the atmosphere of China and Canada climb speed; at 30 to 40 km altitude level one or two isolated, level the landing returned second continues to climb into low Earth orbit, transport work, and then into the return. The project will cover a number of key technologies, including structural and thermal protection, aerodynamic design, integrated power systems and so on.
Cloud Rider modal conversion projects completed in 2020, combinations of engine technical validation flight test in 2025 and completion of key technology research; completed by 2030 two-stage to orbit space vehicle technical verification test.
In the winged space plane program, China is also improving traditional manned spacecraft, in addition to the "Shenzhou" spacecraft, a new generation of multi-purpose ships has been developed.
On June 25, the long seventh carrier rocket carrying a multipurpose ship scaled capsule in Hainan's Wenchang launch into orbit, and is controlled by upper stage flight and return. 26th, scale-return capsule in badain jaran desert hinterland of the successful landing of the Gobi desert.
New generation of multipurpose ship scaled return capsule about 2,600 kilograms the total mass, height of about 2.3 metres, maximum outside diameter of 2.6 meters, using returns-and the transition of the two-class configuration.
China's "Shenzhou" spacecraft design task is to support, such as a space station, Earth orbit mission, cannot afford the deep space manned mission more difficult. Once scaled the capsule technology validated for China's new generation of multipurpose spacecraft will be another weapon. The spacecraft will be better than the "Shenzhou v" take about 1 time astronauts reach the farther deep space, meet the future manned moon landings, manned fire detection and other tasks, setting the ship layout according to different tasks at the same time.
Responsible editor: Wei chun
Article keywords:China Aerospace space plane
I want feedback
Save a Web page
Observer network
中国研制世界最大太空飞机 最多可载20人|中国|航天|太空飞机_新闻资讯
原标题：中国研制世界最大太空飞机 可载20人
此时此刻，中国的“天宫二号”空间实验室正在太空中等待“神舟十一号”飞船的到来，这是中国航天事业的一小步，然而还远远不够。像坐飞机那样遨游太空是人们的梦想，也是航天科学家的不懈追求。可以像飞机一样平稳起降，又能如火箭一般冲破地球束缚的飞行器，是未来实现“太空航班”的理想载体之一。中国方面已经公布了在研制的多种方案，如今，这个篮子里的型号又多了一款。
国际科学周刊《新科学家》（ New Scientist）网站10月3日报道称，就连中国也无法抗拒太空旅游的吸引力。据了解，一家有政府背景的中国机构正在研制巨型太空飞机（原文为 spaceplane，泛指航天飞机和空天飞机——观察者网注）。这架太空飞机最多可搭载20名游客，并在一天之内飞抵太空边缘——其承诺搭载游客的人数大大超过目前任何其他商业宇航公司。
中国运载火箭技术研究院（CALT，简称火箭院，即航天一院——观察者网注）的专家最近在墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉举行的第67届国际宇航大会（ICA）上称，该院已设计出简单的整体式太空飞机，其设计旨在搭载更多的乘客。
该研究院的设计团队在报告中写道：“越来越多的普通人对太空飞行感兴趣。”报告还称，该项目对老板和商人非常有吸引力。
据称他们已设计出一款可依靠自身动力起飞的带翼火箭。这使其有别于英国维珍银河公司的“太空船二号”（SpaceShipTwo），后者必须通过运载母机携带至一定高度才能发射。
母机搭载的“太空船二号” CALT设计团队的负责人韩鹏鑫说：“太空飞机将像火箭一样垂直起飞，并自动在跑道上着陆，不需任何地面或机载设备的干预。”
该团队已设计出两种版本的太空飞机。第一种的重量为10吨，翼展6米，将能搭载5名乘客，以最大6马赫的速度飞行至100公里的高度——这是太空飞行正式开始的高度，并进行2分钟的失重飞行。
而另一种放大了的版本：翼长12米、重量达100吨的太空飞机预计可搭载20名乘客，以8马赫的速度飞行至130公里的高度，并进行4分钟的失重飞行。这款机型还能在外挂火箭的帮助下将小型卫星送入轨道。韩鹏新说，这种运载能力将降低游客的机票价格。
设计团队希望太空飞机可被反复使用，因此每架飞机的设计飞行次数将达到50次。韩鹏新说，太空飞机的试飞时间已被提前。他说：“试飞将在未来两年内完成，几乎所有的地面测试已完成，测试中全部子系统运转良好。”他表示，预计一次太空飞行的费用将在20万至25万美元之间。
两个月前，CALT所属的中国航天科技集团公司披露，正在研制组合动力飞行器项目，未来普通人上太空的成本和门槛将有望大大降低。组合动力飞行器是一种集成涡轮发动机、冲压发动机、火箭发动机等多种动力的飞行器。
CALT研发中心副总研究师张永介绍，组合动力和传统的火箭动力相比较而言，它是一种新型动力，从广义上来讲，就是把不同的动力形式组合到一起就叫组合动力。张永表示，计划利用3-5年的时间掌握相应的关键技术，在2030年左右实现应用目的，达到亚轨道应用和入轨应用这种模式。
目前不知这个项目与前述太空飞机是否是同一个项目，但二者的相似性较高。
在国际航空航天领域竞争日趋激烈的今天，组合动力飞行器作为未来发展的重要方向，具有巨大的商业、经济和社会价值。与此同时，组合动力飞行器技术难度大、复杂程度高，需动员多方力量、付出较大精力、闯过无数难关才有可能实现。
为了早日突破组合动力飞行器技术，9月20日，“首届中国组合动力飞行器发展论坛暨2016年航天一院CALT论坛”召开，与会人员探讨了组合动力飞行器技术的实现途径，畅谈了组合动力飞行器的优势与难点，也分享了自己的研究成果与前沿观点。
来自中国科协、科技部、国防科工局、中国航天科技集团公司、中国航天科工集团公司、中国航空工业集团、中国商用飞机有限公司等单位及其所属研究机构，以及中国科学院力学研究所、哈尔滨工业大学、北京航空航天大学、南京航空航天大学、浙江大学等国内相关领域知名院所和高校的领导、院士、专家、论文作者共计300余人参加了论坛。
此外，在9月12日举行的第二届中国商业航天高峰论坛上，中国航天科工集团也披露了将于2030年完成试飞的空天飞机项目“腾云工程”。
腾云工程对应空天往返飞行项目，突破以组合动力、机体/推进一体化技术为代表的核心技术，完善试验设施建设，建成空天飞行器技术综合研究体系。
据介绍，这是可执行航天发射任务，并多次重复使用的新一代天地往返飞行器，可在地面机场水平起飞，具有廉价、安全、便捷、机动等优势，是国际上天地往返运输领域的发展热点。
空天飞行器从机场水平起飞，在大气层中国和加拿大速爬升；到达30至40公里高度时一二级分离，一级水平着陆返回；二级继续爬升进入近地轨道，完成运输任务后再入返回。该工程涵盖多项关键技术，包括结构和热防护、气动外形设计、组合动力系统等。
腾云工程计划在2020年完成组合发动机模态转换技术验证飞行试验；2025年完成关键技术攻关；2030年完成两级入轨空天飞行器技术验证试飞。
在上述有翼的太空飞机方案之外，中国也在完善传统的载人飞船，除了“神舟”飞船，新一代多用途飞船已在研制当中。
6月25日，长征七号运载火箭搭载的多用途飞船缩比返回舱在海南文昌发射场送入轨道，并由上面级进行飞行和返回控制。26日，缩比返回舱巴丹吉林沙漠腹地的戈壁滩成功着陆。
新一代多用途飞船的缩比返回舱总质量约2600千克，高度约2.3米，最大外径2.6米，采用返回舱和过渡段的两舱构型。
中国目前的“神舟”飞船设计任务是支持近地的，比如空间站、近地轨道的任务，无法承担更艰巨的深空载人探测任务。而一旦缩比返回舱相关技术得到验证，将为中国新一代多用途飞船将再添利器。该型飞船将比“神舟”搭乘多一倍左右的航天员到达更远的深空，满足未来载人登月、载人探火等任务，同时还可以根据不同任务设置飞船布局。
责任编辑：隗俊
文章关键词： 中国 航天 太空飞机
我要反馈
保存网页
观察者网