Sea out Hou tombs by infra-red scanning ancient bamboo slips discovered games graphics (map)
This reporter recently learned from the Jiangxi provincial Institute of archaeology, Han Hou main coffin Chamber of the Tomb, out of the sea and dismantling work has come to an end, the outer bottom were returned to the protection room, and found on the Chamber floor also have a preliminary understanding of the text. Sea out of Western Han dynasty Tomb of Marquis in Nanchang, the reporters saw himself dismantling has been completed on the ground, and there is only a part of the sleeper.
Sea out Hou Yang the archaeological excavation of the Tomb team: outer bottom plate the following sleepers, meaning that when built the coffin room, spread their ties after the next and then fill it with sand and charcoal, and put himself above floor, is a building process.
Railway sleepers near the dark material is charcoal, grey sand, Yang said these are used for moisture-proof material, the next job is extracting late sleepers, the tomb was discovered.
Yang: the tomb after Wall reinforcement, we want to plot as a whole, recorded, scanned, would be confirmed only after the next discovery and extraction program on this sleeper. Why are we to discover it or anatomy, is to understand the construction of the tombs, built before the Tomb, there are no remnants of worship.
Dismantled coffin, archaeologists be dehydration, insect, disease prevention, protection, rehabilitation as possible. In the process of dismantling, the archaeologists found that part of the record on the coffin plate text, which also provide archaeologists with a lot of useful information.
Yang: no text of all wood, such as "Xie Gong", which is in the area marked, indicate that this area is provided by Keith Ward, wood, the outer wood is levied, or someone else present, is purchased, it's worth further study.
In addition to the records last name, there are two pieces of the outer plate number is also recorded on, after preliminary calculations the archaeologists think it is to make a round before the coffin plate size.
Infrared scan of bamboo or liubo chess book
The reporter learned from the Jiangxi provincial Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, now out of the tomb of Marquis bamboo clean and infrared scanning has been completed in the first round. Expert analysis of the sea out text on bamboo slips in the tomb of Marquis, discovered the suspected moves books.
Experts think books may be for games is the bamboo, through infrared scanning can more clearly see the text above, where "black" and "white" word occurs more than once.
Yang: we are under the two colors, white, thought, probably by Yin-Yang five elements, wood, fire and Earth to match colors, is an element belongs to the Alchemy class, it now appears, its blue and white refers to black and white chess, chess is actually a row of data.
This bamboo but frequently appeared on "blue", "white" Word, and "bend (q), high road," and other words. Previously in the evening when the sea tomb of archaeological sites, archaeologists have unearthed an ancient Chess Board, and Yang believes that these three words while on the go information is not visible, but in another kind of chess game "Liu Bo" see and liubo chess is a chess game is very popular in the Han dynasty.
"Anything" meaning thousands of pieces of bamboo slips
Someone with "anything" to describe the archaeological excavations in the preciousness of materials, evening Hou tombs in the Nanchang sea archaeology, discovered a total of more than 5,000 pieces of bamboo slips, which has an important meaning for the study of Chinese ancient history.
At present, more than more than 5,000 pieces of bamboo slips had finished stripping and the first round of the infrared scan, next, conservation experts to make cleaning, color rendering, fixed, dehydrated, then the bamboo on the official interpretation of the text and to further investigate.
Yang: we found in the bamboo slips, the Confucian Analects, book of changes, the book of rites, and filial piety, and medical books, including Alchemy, as well as building content such as occurrence of grave.
Yang introduced, each about long pieces of bamboo slips between 23 to 27 cm, width less than 1 cm, and most of the unearthed bamboo slips was deposited in the archives of the Tibet Pavilion in the main Chamber instruments. Nanchang fainted when the sea of bamboo and wooden slips found in the Han tombs, China is within the highest concentration of archaeological materials found in the Han dynasty.
In addition to suspected of liubo chess found in the bamboo slips "moves", archaeologists also found that sea on a wooden evening Hou wrote to the Court copies of the Memorial. At present, archaeologists further solidified the slips, cleaning and scanning, is expected to be completed at the end of this year early protection and information work. In 2017, they will start into the interpretation of the text and research.
(Editors: xiaowugang UN845)
2016-11-06 16:55:18
CCTV
海昏侯墓通过红外线扫描竹简 发现古代棋谱的图形(图)
记者近日从江西省考古研究所了解到，西汉海昏侯墓主椁室的拆解工作已经进入尾声，椁底板已经运到保护用房，而在椁底板上发现的文字也有了初步的解读。在南昌西汉海昏侯墓，记者看到椁室拆解已经基本结束，地面上只留有部分枕木。
海昏侯墓考古发掘队领队杨军：椁底板下面的枕木，意思就是建这个椁室的时候，把枕木铺好之后，旁边再用沙和炭把它填充，上面再铺椁底板，是这样一个建造过程。
枕木附近黑色的物质是木炭，灰色的是沙，杨军说这些是用来防潮的材料，接下来的工作是提取枕木、对墓底进行发掘。
杨军：墓壁进行加固之后，我们要整体进行绘图、记录、扫描，之后才能够确认下一步的发掘和对这个枕木的提取方案。我们为什么要对它进行发掘或者解剖，就是想了解这个墓葬的建造过程，在建墓之前，有没有祭祀方面的遗存。
对于拆解的椁板，考古人员会对其进行了脱水，防虫，防病害等保护，尽可能将其复原。在拆解过程中，考古人员发现部分椁板上记载有文字，这也给考古专家提供了不少有用的信息。
杨军：不是所有的木头都有文字，比如“谢公”，也就是在这块区域里面标明，表明这一块区域是由谢家提供的，至于木料、椁木是征收来的，还是别人赠的，还是买来的，这值得下一步研究。
除了记录姓氏，有两块椁板上还记载有数字，考古人员经过初步计算认为这是制作成为椁板之前圆木的尺寸。
红外扫描竹简 或现六博棋谱
记者从江西省文物考古研究所了解到，目前海昏侯墓的竹简清理和首轮红外扫描工作已经完成。有专家通过对海昏侯墓内竹简上文字的分析，发现了疑似棋谱的古籍。
让专家认为古籍可能为棋谱的就是这枚竹简，通过红外线扫描后可以较为清晰地看到上面的文字，其中“青”、“白”二字出现多次。
杨军：我们是根据这青白两种颜色，原来认为，可能是按阴阳五行金木水火土来配颜色的，是属于方术类的一个内容，现在看来，它的青和白应该是指黑颜色和白颜色的棋，实际上是一个行棋的资料。
这枚竹简上除了频频出现的“青”、“白”二字，还有“诎（q）、道、高”等字。此前在海昏侯墓现场考古时，考古人员发掘出一块古代围棋的棋盘，而杨军认为这三个字虽然在围棋资料中看不到，但是却能在另一种棋类游戏“六博”中见到，而六博棋是汉代十分流行的一种棋局游戏。
“一字千金” 数千枚竹简意义大
有人用“一字千金”来形容考古中发掘文字资料的珍贵，在南昌海昏侯墓考古中，共发掘了五千多枚竹简，这对于研究中国古代历史有着重要的意义。
目前，这五千多枚竹简已经完成了剥离和首轮的红外扫描工作，接下来，文物保护专家要对其进行清洗、显色、修复、脱水等工作，然后对简牍上的文字进行正式释读并深入研究。
杨军：我们在竹简里面发现，有论语、易经、礼记、孝经和医书，包括方术，以及筑墓的赋等内容。
杨军介绍，每一枚竹简大约长23到27厘米之间，宽度不到1厘米，大部分出土的竹简当时存放在主墓室的西藏阁文书档案库中。南昌海昏侯汉墓中竹简和木牍的发现，是中国范围内汉代考古文字资料最集中的一次发现。
除了在竹简上发现疑似六博棋的“棋谱”，考古人员在木牍上还发现了海昏侯写给朝廷奏章的副本。目前，考古人员即将对简牍进行进一步地固化、清理和扫描工作，预计在今年底就可以完成前期保护、资料提取工作。2017年，他们将开始进入到文字释读和研究阶段。
(责任编辑：肖武岗 UN845)
2016-11-06 16:55:18
央视网