Metal contamination in the 12 million tons of grain every year in China, a loss of 20 billion _ | | soil heavy metal pollution news
Legal daily Beijing, November 20 reporters Wang Kaiguang recently, "the 11th China Forum on economic-legal and market circulation legal forum (2016)" held in Beijing.
Capital University of Economics and business law Professor Gao Guilin disclosed at the meeting, environmental pollution has caused serious economic losses, China's actual conditions is less than 9% of the world's arable land to feed the world population of more than 22%, at the same time as environmental issues continue to highlight, land area is shrinking. In most rural areas and poor areas, which rely primarily on local supply of food. But according to statistics, 12 million tons of grain a year from the soil heavy metals pollution in China, causing losses up to 20 billion yuan a year.
Gao Guilin to 2014 Hunan "cadmium rice" event for example, soil pollution problems faced by China is not only involved in traditional areas of environmental law, environmental pollution and ecological damage, more direct, more realistically reflect soil pollution caused harm public health food safety accidents. Soil pollution refers to heavy metals, pesticides, antibiotics and persistent toxic organic compounds and other pollutants into the soil beyond the self-purification capacity of the soil, leading to changes of soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics, reduce crop yields and quality, and harm to human health.
Gao Guilin view, with latent and persistent features of soil pollution, polluting chemicals into the soil can last for centuries, and through skin contact, contaminated water and contaminated the crop enters the body in three ways, lead to disease in human cells. Characteristics of soil pollution and food safety are difficult to control. Interaction between soil and air, water and other natural resources, increasing speed and extent, increase governance governance more difficult and costly. From landfill, for example through storm water infiltration of soil pollution caused by groundwater pollution, and contaminated groundwater into the River through irrigation irrigated soil pollution.
Gao Guilin, in the area of food safety, should strengthen the use of environmental law, establish a system of prevention and control of soil, improve the soil environmental standards, classification of agricultural land management should be combined and the main functions of the city planning. On one hand, limiting development and strengthen soil conservation development area is prohibited, strictly limit the pollution and destruction of farmland. On the optimized developing region and key development areas, strengthen the monitoring of soil environmental quality of farmland, particularly "urban agriculture" and "industrial suburb of agriculture" to deal with the surrounding soil and agricultural products inspection check. Has contaminated soil promptly change its soil quality category, take measures and make the surrounding environment pollution prevention and control.
"At the same time, soil contamination monitoring and information system. Environmental monitoring and information systems provides guidance on the subject of environmental protection and environmental protection act. First of all, access to environmental monitoring and information provide the basis for the decision of the legislature and the executive authorities, secondly, information for agricultural producers, public, open soil according to the Government information on adjustment of agricultural production on the one hand, on the other hand, as the implementer of the specification for soil environmental, also asked the farmers to use their environment for public disclosure of information. "Gao Guilin said.
It is understood that the Forum "building business innovation of commercial circulation legal system theory of rule of law" as the theme, co-sponsored by the Beijing materials Institute and the China commercial law seminar, Beijing materials Institute of labor science and law, Beijing Hyundai logistics base, Beijing materials Institute circulation law and policy research center, Chinese business law research association distribution Law Commission to undertake.
Source: legal daily
Responsible editor: Liu Debin SN222
Article keywords:Heavy metal pollution in soil
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中国每年1200万吨粮食受重金属污染，损失200亿|土壤|重金属污染_新闻资讯
法制网北京11月20日讯 记者王开广 日前，“第十一届中国经济——法律论坛暨市场流通法制论坛（2016）”在京召开。
首都经济贸易大学法学院教授高桂林在会上披露，环境污染也造成了严重的经济损失，中国的实际国情是要用不到世界9%的耕地养活超过22%的世界 人口，同时由于环境问题不断凸显，土地面积不断缩减。在大多数的农村地区和贫困地区，其食物主要依靠当地供给。但是据统计，中国每年有1200万吨粮食受 土壤重金属污染，造成损失每年可达200亿元人民币。
高桂林以2014年发生的湖南“镉米”事件为例说，当前中国所面临的土壤污染问题不仅仅牵涉传统环境法领域环境污染与生态破坏问题，更直接、更 现实的反映出土壤污染导致食品安全事故造成的公众健康危害。土壤污染是指重金属、农药、抗生素和持久性有毒有机物等污染物质进入土壤中并且超出土壤的自净 能力，导致土壤的物理、化学和生物性质发生改变，降低农作物的产量和质量、危害人体健康的现象。
高桂林认为，土壤污染具有潜伏性和持久性的特点，污染物质一旦进入土壤可以持续几个世纪，并主要通过皮肤接触、受污染水源和受污染作物三种途径 进入人体，导致人体细胞发生病变。土壤污染的特性同时给食品安全问题防治带来困难。土壤与大气、水等自然资源相互作用，加剧污染速度和范围，治理时增加治 理难度和成本。例如因垃圾填埋所造成的土壤污染可以通过雨水渗透污染地下水，而受污染的地下水进入河流又通过灌溉造成灌溉区土壤污染。
在高桂林看来，在食品安全领域中应该强化环境法监管手段的运用，建立起土壤环境防治体系，健全土壤环境标准制度，农用地的分类管理应当和城市主 体功能规划相结合。一方面，在限制开发和禁止开发区域加强土壤保护，严格限制基本农田的污染和占破坏。另一方面在优化开发区域和重点开发区域，加强对农用 地土壤环境质量的监测，特别是“城市农业”和“工矿郊区农业”，应对其周边土壤及农产品加强检验检查。对于已经污染的土壤及时变更其土地质量类别、采取相 应修复措施并做好周边环境污染防治。
“同时，建立土壤污染监测与信息公开制度。环境监测与信息公开制度对环境保护各个主体的环保行为提供指导。首先，环境监测和信息公开为立法机关 和行政机关的决策提供依据；其次，信息公开对农业生产者来说，一方面根据政府公开的土壤信息调整农业生产行为，另一方面作为土壤环境规范的具体实施者，也 要求农民对其环境利用行为进行信息的公开披露。”高桂林如是说。
据了解，该论坛以“建设法治化营商环境 创新商贸流通法制理论”为主题，由北京物资学院和中国商业法研究会共同主办，由北京物资学院劳动科学与法律学院、北京现代物流研究基地、北京物资学院流通法律与政策研究中心、中国商业法研究会流通法专业委员会承办。
来源：法制网
责任编辑：刘德宾 SN222
文章关键词： 土壤 重金属污染
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