Secrets of Shenzhou spacecraft package process: quite a workout in the gym 2 hours | line | Shenzhou | Pack _ news
On November 18, 2016, the 11th manned SHENZHOU reentry capsule successfully landed in the primary landing site in Inner Mongolia. Xinhua News Agency

　　How to make "three basketball courts" into the "fridge"

--Secret process of recovery and landing subsystem of Shenzhou spacecraft

18th afternoon, 11th spacecraft Shenzhou re-entry capsule carrying two astronauts landed dance, a giant red-and-white parachute dragging it, all the more remarkable.

Xinhua learned from the five branches of the China Aerospace Science and technology group 508, Shenzhou parachute main area of 1200 square meters, can be covered after expand all three basketball courts. And such a big body is very light, weighing less than 100 kg, folded volume of less than 200 l, can be tucked into ordinary household refrigerator. This involves sounds simple, but has a very skilled work--Pack an umbrella.

Package process with dozens of processes, main actions are: shakeout, to release stress in the material and clean up excess material; fold canopy, canopy order; comb risers, ensuring that any two lines do not cross or winding; put together pod; packing parachutes; packages, weighing. Every step of the process has a bearing on how giant umbrella with three basketball courts into the "fridge".

　96 lines do not wound

Who have had this experience: when I wanted to use ear, from the bag and take out the cord always scrambled, take a long time to solve. Both headphone cables are so difficult to understand, as many as 96, single root airship parachute cord, about 50 m long how straighten out? 508 staff know-how.

First of all, risers are made of special material, the surface is smooth, itself is not easy to tie. Secondly, the staff will use a tool called comb clip and risers sorted by order number, each 12 by one group, combs from head to tail. Combs's can be arranged in orderly lines from inside the Pack, guaranteed to pull out without knotted Twine.

　Steel "elephant" help with canopy

Umbrella clothes into the Pack, both strength and technique. When you do so, people mainly responsible will be stacked flat canopy and initial compaction; two people as a supplement to collate the canopy and into the Pack. Canopy fold and roll up the blanket as thick, filling into the Pack uniform, full full, leaving no gaps, full personnel control. When compacted canopy, punch, use a hand or a finger, also under the canopy in the Pack of flexible use, if foolhardy, may damage the canopy.

Canopy, umbrella ropes connecting straps and other components all into the Pack, only by manpower cannot be completed, it takes 15 tons of pressure, which is roughly the weight of two elephants. Staff also has an "iron elephant"-pressure machines. Umbrella in the process requires human co-operate with pressure bag umbrella, umbrella compact, manual filling. Repeated several times, all packed into the parachute Pack.

　　Packets of instant success

Parachute suspension lines after all the filling into the pod, pod needs to be sealed, this is called "packets."

As parachute suspension lines are under great pressure in the pressure machine into the Pack, when the removal of pressure, compacting within the Pack will also expand their parachute suspension lines. Packets need to pressure lifting, the instant canopy has not expanded. At this time, the two operators with the same strength and pull tight the Reefing, loop the required size, fastened by third operator. Process is short, but hard. "As much as the two-hour workout in the gym. "The operator said.

Source: Science Daily

Responsible editor: Zhang Xiaoya

Article keywords:
Risers the Shenzhou spacecraft Pack

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揭秘神舟飞船包伞过程:相当在健身房锻炼2小时|伞绳|神舟飞船|伞包_新闻资讯
　　2016年11月18日，神舟十一号载人飞船返回舱在内蒙古主着陆场成功着陆。 新华社 图

　　怎样把“三个篮球场”装进“冰箱”

　　——揭秘神舟飞船回收着陆分系统包伞过程

　　18日下午，神舟十一号飞船返回舱搭载着两名航天员翩翩降落，一顶红白相间的巨型降落伞拖曳着它，格外引人注目。

　　记者从中国航天科技集团五院508所了解到，神舟飞船降落伞主伞面积约1200平方米，全部展开后可以覆盖三个篮球场。而这样一个庞然大物，体态却十分轻盈，重量还不到一百公斤，收拢后体积还不到200升，可以塞进普通家用冰箱。这就涉及到听起来简单、却有着很高技术含量的工作——包伞。

　　包伞流程有几十道工序，主要操作有：晾伞，用于释放材料内应力和清理多余物；叠伞衣，将伞衣按顺序整理；梳理伞绳，确保任意两根伞绳不出现交叉或缠绕；整理伞包；装填降落伞；封包；称重。每一步过程都影响着三个篮球场大的巨伞怎样装进“冰箱”。

　　96根伞绳互不缠绕

　　谁都有过这样的经历：想用耳机时，从包里拿出来的耳机线永远乱作一团，花好长时间才能解开。两根耳机线就如此难解，多达96根、单根长约50米的飞船降落伞伞绳该如何理顺？508所工作人员介绍了诀窍。

　　首先，伞绳采用特殊材料制成，表面光滑，本身就不容易打结。其次，工作人员会用一种叫梳绳夹的工具，将伞绳按照编号顺序依次排列，每12根一组，从头梳到尾。梳理后的伞绳就可以整齐有序地排列在伞包内，保证在拉出时不打结不缠绕。

　　钢铁“大象”助力装伞衣

　　把伞衣装填进伞包，既要力气，又要技术。操作时，一人为主，负责将伞衣叠放平整并初步压实；两人为辅，负责整理伞衣并送入伞包。伞衣折叠后和卷起来的棉被一样粗，装填进伞包既要均匀有序，又要充实饱满、不留空隙，力度全靠包伞人员掌控。压实伞衣时，用拳、用掌还是用手指，也要根据伞衣在伞包中的位置灵活使用，如果蛮干，可能会损伤伞衣。

　　要将伞衣、伞绳和连接吊带等部件全部填进伞包，只靠人力无法完成，需要15吨重的压力，这大约是两头大象的重量。工作人员也有一头“钢铁大象”——压力包伞机。包伞过程中，需要人工与压力包伞机相互配合，用包伞机压实，再手工装填。反复数次，才能把降落伞全部装进伞包。

　　封包瞬间决定成败

　　伞衣伞绳全部装填进伞包后，需要将伞包的口封住，这叫“封包”。

　　由于伞衣伞绳是在压力包伞机的巨大压力下塞进伞包内部，当包伞机压力撤除，伞包内压实的伞衣伞绳会随之膨胀。而封包需要在压力解除，伞衣还未膨胀的一瞬间进行。这时，两名操作人员用同等力量同时抽紧封包绳，绳环达到规定尺寸后，由第三名操作人员将其系牢。过程虽短，却很费力。“不亚于在健身房锻炼两小时。”操作人员介绍说。

来源：科技日报

责任编辑：张小雅

文章关键词：
伞绳 神舟飞船 伞包

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