5G standard has been established: smarter cities how far is it from us? -IT information
5G technology in the initial stage, which, in addition to speed up Internet access speed, will also bring the Internet of things, and smarter cities technology improved.
In discussion of 3GPP 5G short code program, recommended by Huawei PolarCode (polarization code) established as the 5G control channel eMBB scenes coding solution. Prior to this, LDPG identified as proposed by Qualcomm's 5G long coding solution.
Compared with only voice and data services 3G, 4G, 3GPP defines 5G three involved in the scene for their businesses to open up a wide range, from ultra high flow mobile broadband services such as HD video to a large Internet operations and unmanned low Shi Yangao reliable connections needed, to industrial automation business, can 5G easily. As one of the basic technology, the development of the Internet will promote smart city development.
Explore the smart city
"Intelligent city" was first proposed by IBM, in 2008, the IBM company business focus from hardware to software and consulting services, and the "smarter planet" concept, both by equipment sensors, bridge, tunnels, roads, power grids and other facilities connected to the goods.
Edinburgh Napier University Professor Mark Deakin Husam Al Waer and Dundee University Professor pointed out that definitions should be consistent with the four aspects of the Smart City: apply a wide range of electronic and digital technologies to communities, use of ICT technology changes within the region and city living and working environment, the integration of ICT into government systems and ICT technology and enhanced creativity.
But for "intelligent city" a precise definition, in the exploratory stage. At present, the "intelligent city" is a common understanding through ICT (information communication technology) as well as IoT (IOT) in hospitals, food medicine, optimize ticket management of urban facilities and programs, build new urban form.
"Smart city first of all is to turn the city into an efficient intelligence system, it's not an APP, or WiFi coverage to resolve. "Communication expert Xiang the first financial reporters.
Construction of the system as a whole, wisdom requires technical perfection and get through the city, which requires large-scale enterprises. "In the world there are many different networking technologies are localized, similar to the PHS technology such as in the past, will eventually die, Huawei will go according to standards. "Huawei's products and solutions, says Zhang Shunmao, President of Huawei in the layout of the smart city will focus on the ICT technologies.
Major new ICT platforms and narrow-band Internet technology into industry. Huawei's global narrow-band Internet technology, the advantage of resources open channel 180K frequency disturbance and instability. "This technology outside of narrow frequency, relative to the use of 3G network, 4G network, can provide connection speeds of 100 times. "Zhang Shunmao told reporters, President of Huawei's products and solutions.
It is understood that the company Smart City solution right now in more than 40 countries, more than 100 cities build smart city. According to incomplete statistics, in 2016, Huawei bid more than more than 20 Smart City project in China, signed a strategic cooperation with 43 cities, French implementation of smarter cities covered by the Intelligence Chief, safe city, wise medical wisdom, wisdom, wisdom Park transportation, education, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent street lights and other fields. Huawei cloud data center solution for the city's more than 40 Charter operations to provide virtual data center services.
Four challenges
In 2015, the Ministry of housing and the Ministry of science and technology announced a third group of countries list of Smart City pilot, plus the first two published city, at present, the national Smart City pilot reach 290.
Growing numbers of the other side, is the depth of real progress was unsatisfactory. Some scholars point out that, at present, smart city is from 2.0 times into 3.0, however, command has encountered big challenge in the actual landing.
Technically speaking, smarter cities now face great challenge mainly urban sensing, data fusion, application build, and four aspects such as safety and security.
In recent years, the increased proportion of Huawei r, r 30% for exploration engineering under the ice, including chip method, materials, cooling, all links.
According to the Ministry, China's IMT-2020 (5G) Working Group on deployment, as well as the three carriers 5G commercial plan, China will start in 2017 5G network phase II testing, large-scale group network in 2018, and launched in 2019, based on 5G network construction, 2020 officially the fastest commercial 5G network.
"3G, 4G in the past, we work things out, is to make the network faster and faster, while the 5G in addition to speed, and can reach a wide deep cover, with low latency, low power, to further promote the development of Internet technology. "Xiang told reporters.
In establishment of smarter cities, differences between China and Europe programme, major reconstruction starting from top-tier, first from Europe and start small, gradual transformation.
Therefore, the intelligent city in the actual landing, often because the coordination is difficult, costly process is affected.
Reporters learned that currently are involved in the smart city for urban management system for technical transformation, the transformation requires large capital costs and risks.
The national Smart City pilot 2014-summary report, Smart City pilot project in China faces lack of innovation, funding difficulties, the evaluation system and criteria problems such as, insufficient awareness of smart city high part pilot cities, also remain in the urban informatization level alone.
Unified construction and coordination of smarter cities share many problems still exist. Some pilot projects lack top-tier design and overall co-ordination, synergy docking difficult, repetitive construction and information still exists.
Xiang believes companies can play a role in this one. "For 5 billion for environmental protection departments to establish air detection system in China is difficult, but will monitor the product to market, so as to collect the appropriate data to predict, so that we can solve technical floor issues. ”
5G网标准已确立：智慧城市离我们还有多远？ - IT资讯
5G技术在起步阶段，而其除了能够加快上网速度之外，还将带来物联网以及智慧城市技术的进一步提升。
在3GPP最近的5G短码方案讨论中，将华为推荐的PolarCode(极化码)确立为5G控制信道eMBB场景编码的最终解决方案。在此之前，高通的所提出的LDPG确定为5G中长码编码解决方案。
较之3G、4G只有语音和数据业务，3GPP定义了5G三大场景为其所涉及业务开拓了更广的范围，从超高清视频等大流量移动宽带业务到大规模物联网业务以及无人驾驶再到工业自动化等需要低时延高可靠连接的业务，都能够通过5G技术轻易实现。作为基础技术之一，物联网发展将促进智慧城市发展。
探路智慧城市
“智慧城市”最早由IBM所提出，2008年，IBM公司业务重点从硬件转向软件和咨询服务，并提出“智慧地球”的概念，也就是通过装备感应器，实现桥梁、隧道、公路、电网等设施的物物相连。
爱丁堡龙比亚大学教授Mark Deakin与邓迪大学教授Husam Al Waer指出，智慧城市的定义应符合四个方面：将广泛的电子和数字技术应用于社区和城市、利用ICT技术改变区域内的生活和工作环境、将ICT纳入政府系统以及将ICT技术与个人结合增强创新意识。
但对于“智慧城市”的准确定义，一直处于摸索阶段。目前，对于“智慧城市”较为一致的理解是通过ICT(信息通信技术)以及IoT(物联网)技术对医院、食品药品、票证等城市设施以及管理程序进行优化，构建全新的城市形态。
“智能城市首先是要把城市服务变成高效率智能的体系，这不是一个APP或者WiFi覆盖就能解决的。”通信专家项立刚对第一财经记者说道。
作为整体体系建设，智慧城市需要技术层面的完善和打通，这些需要大规模企业实现。“在世界上有很多不同的针对物联网的技术都是局部性的，类似过去搞的小灵通这样的技术一样，最终都会死，华为会按照标准方向去走。”华为产品与解决方案部总裁张顺茂表示华为在智慧城市的布局将聚焦在ICT技术上。
主要从新ICT平台以及窄带物联网技术切入行业。华为在全球推广窄带互联网技术，利用180K赫兹的频率资源减少开放频道带来的干扰和不稳定性。“这个技术除了窄的频率以外，相对于大家使用的3G网络、4G网络来说，都能提供100倍的连接速度。”华为产品与解决方案部总裁张顺茂告诉记者。
据了解，华为智慧城市解决方案目前已经在全球40多个国家，100多个城市建设智慧城市。根据不完全统计，在2016年，华为在中国中标了20多个智慧城市项目，与43个城市签署了战略合作，落地实施的智慧城市应用涵盖了智慧政务、平安城市、智慧医疗、智慧园区、智慧交通、智慧教育、智能制造、智慧路灯等领域。华为云数据中心解决方案为全市40多个委办局的业务提供虚拟数据中心服务。
四大挑战
2015年，住建部和科技部公布了第三批国家智慧城市试点名单，加上前两批公布城市，目前，国家智慧城市试点达到290个。
数量不断增加的另一面,是实际进展深度却不如人意。有学者指出，目前国内智慧城市正在从2.0时代步入3.0，然而，指挥体系在实际落地中却遇到不小挑战。
从技术上来说，智慧城市如今面临极大挑战主要就是城市感知、数据融合、应用构建和安全保障等四个方面。
近年来，华为投入研发的比例加重，研发投入的30%用于冰山下的工程技术的探索，包括芯片算法、材料、散热、全链接。
根据工信部、中国IMT-2020(5G)推进组工作部署以及三大运营商的5G商用计划，中国将于2017年展开5G网络第二阶段测试，2018年进行大规模试验组网，并在此基础上于2019年启动5G网络建设，最快2020年正式商用5G网络。
“以往的3G、4G，我们都在解决一件事情，就是让网络速度越来越快，而5G除了速度快，还能达到较广较深的覆盖，具有低时延、低功耗特点，能够进一步推动物联网技术发展。”项立刚对记者说道。
在智慧城市建立中，中国与欧美方案有所区别，国内主要从顶层架构开始改造，而欧美则先从小处做起，逐步改造。
因此，国内在智慧城市实际落地中，往往因为协调难度大，成本高推进过程受到影响。
记者了解到，目前智慧城市往往涉及对于城市管理体系重新进行技术性的改造，这些改造需要耗费较大的资金以及风险成本。
《国家智慧城市试点2014年度工作总结报告》指出，中国智慧城市试点工作中还面临着创新不足、资金筹措困难、评价体系和标准缺乏等问题，部分试点城市对智慧城市的认识高度不足，还停留在单纯城市信息化建设层面。
在智慧城市的统一建设和协调共享方面仍存在不少问题。部分试点建设项目缺乏顶层设计和总体统筹，协同对接难度大，重复建设和信息孤岛现象依然存在。
项立刚认为企业在这其中能够发挥一定的推进作用。“让环保部门一下投50亿建立空气中国检测系统是有难度的，但是企业将监测产品推向市场，从而收集相应的大数据做预测，这样就能解决技术落地问题。”