Japan 10 China NET 1.8 trillion has to cancel the China offer
Information chartAs a close neighbor, at the same time as the world's second-largest and third-largest economies, China and Japan the importance of trade relations, far better than any pair of neighbouring countries in the world. For a long time, China is Japan's second-largest export trading partner (in some years as the first) as well as the largest import trade partner; in turn, Japan is China's fifth largest trading partner.
But recently, Japan will remove a preferential policy on Chinese imports. Japan media reports, this policy may increase tariffs on 1000--2000 goods, thereby affecting the competitiveness of Japanese goods in China.
Japan cancels China "preferential tariff" treatment
China exported Japan commodity policies called "preferential tariff".
To you about science: the so-called preferential tariff, refers to a State against another State, in certain countries against other countries of all or some of the goods imported, giving tax breaks and other preferential treatment, others may not share the tariff system. In Japan, the system and Japan's official development assistance, such as the same, aimed at promoting the economies of developing countries and countries almost entirely exempt from tariffs on chemicals (over 3%).
According to Japan the existing policy, for three consecutive years the per capita gross national income (GNI) on 12736 more countries and regions (that is, high-income countries) is not a preferential tariff, and standards can benefit from this treatment, China is in the midst of this standard the following and enjoy Japan's "preferential tariff" treatment. According to data from the Nikkei in Chinese, is currently Japan's preferential tariff includes 143 countries and regions.
But recently, Japan substantially adjusted the scope of this policy. According to the reference sources cited Japan, the Sankei Shimbun reported November 25, at a consideration of tax and foreign exchange on 24th, Japan's Ministry of finance said that reviewing conditions in countries of the preferential tariff system, completed by 2019-modified (that is, implemented in 2019). Japan's Ministry of Finance decided to add a new standard, that is, gross national income per capita exceeded 4125 dollars and exports of 1% per cent of market share in the countries of the world are excluded from preferential tariff.
According to Japan's Ministry of finance new rules, China, Mexico, and Brazil, and Thailand and Malaysia will be excluded from preferential tariff. Nikkei in Chinese also reported that because of three consecutive years were included in high income countries, Chile and Argentina, is expected to be removed from future Japan preferential tariff treatment, and India, and Viet Nam and Indonesia remain the treatment.
Support of tariff preferences for developing countries, in recent years, the European Union (EU) and Canada have been reduced, Japan also believes that needs a certain degree of adjustment. According to the Nikkei in Chinese newspaper, Japan because of reduced preferential tariff tariff income reached 33 billion yen a year. Above no longer incorporated in the applicable object of 5, one of 30 billion yen ($ 1.836 billion yuan), this part of the tariff increases is very high.
How big is the effect on China?
In Japan, 2015 for the concessionary duty rate for imports, 60% from China. After implementing the new regulations, tariffs of between 1000 and 2000 items will rise. One Japan Government said: "economic development, do you still need to enjoy tariff preference? ”
Japan's latest move, the Government, said Shen Danyang, November 24 in response to China's Ministry of Commerce spokesman, China remains the largest developing country in the world. Although China's economy ranked second in the world, its per capita GDP, urban and rural area development, social welfare and so on is still a big gap with developed countries, still has a long way to achieve modernization.
In 2015, for example, China's per capita GDP is about $8000 from high income countries there is a long distance.
But found that compared with Japan the Government provide obvious reasons (economic growth), concerns about the surging wave of trade protectionism. Earlier, Trump says will be China, Mexico imposed tariffs of 45%, fetches as well as manufacturing United States. Nikkei also wrote in Chinese, in the international community, protectionist trend is worrying. Japan's Ministry of finance needs to detail the intentions of this adjustment.
Shen Danyang, also said that the world economic recovery remains fragile, weak international trade and investment. China and Japan with the world trade powers, are important economic and trade partner, the two economies are highly complementary, development cooperation, mutual benefit, and hopes the two sides to work together and meet each other halfway, push for China and Japan Economic and trade relations have witnessed sound development, to contribute to the growth of the world economy.
Although Japan will cancel preferential tariff treatment in China, but China and Japan trade should tensions is Japan and not China – although made popular around the world, but in trade with Japan, China has been in a deficit, which Japan relies more on exports to China.
According to China's Ministry of Commerce website data, first 9 months of 2008-2016, China had 10 consecutive years of trade deficit, deficit at one time up to $55.7 billion (2010), less with us $7.3 billion (2015). 10 today, Japan has received more than $270 billion in surplus from China (about 1.86 trillion, current exchange rates).
Source: China's Ministry of Commerce's website (in millions of dollars)
Median price since August 2015 100 yen on currencyThere is also a notable phenomenon, after Abe, Japan central banks opened the money-printing mode, or even utilize negative interest rate policies, which led to sharp depreciation of the yen. From June 2015, the devaluation of the Japanese yen against the Yuan accumulated over 26%, Japan enterprises significant benefits derived therefrom.
(Editors: xiaowugang UN845)
2016-11-27 17:33:35
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日本10年在中国净赚1.8万亿 却要取消对华优惠
资料图 作为一衣带水的邻邦，同时作为全球第二大、第三大经济体，中国和日本贸易关系的重要性，远胜世界任何一对邻邦国家。长期以来，中国都是日本第二大出口贸易伙伴（有些年份为第一）以及第一大进口贸易伙伴；反过来，日本是中国出口第五大贸易伙伴。
但在最近，日本方面将取消对中国进口商品的一项优惠政策。据日本媒体报道，这一政策可能提高1000——2000种商品的关税，进而影响中国对日商品的竞争力。
日本将取消中国“特惠关税”待遇
影响中国出口日本商品的优惠政策名为“特惠关税”。
给大家科普一下：所谓特惠关税，是指一国对另一国，某些国家对另一些国家的全部或部分商品的进口，给予减免税等特惠待遇，他国不得分享的关税制度。在日本，这项制度与日本政府开发援助等相同，旨在促进发展中国家经济，针对对象国几乎全部免除了化学品等的关税（平均3%以上）。
根据日本现行政策，连续三年人均国民总收入（GNI）在12736美元以上的国家和地区（即高收入国家）不是特惠关税对象，而在此标准以下可以享受这一待遇，中国正处于这一标准以下，因此享受了日本的“特惠关税”待遇。据日经中文网的数据，目前日本的特惠关税对象包括143个国家和地区。
但在最近，日本大幅调整了这一优惠政策的实施范围。据《参考消息》引用日本《产经新闻》11月25日报道，在24日的关税和外汇等审议会上，日本财务省表示，将重新审视特惠关税制度的对象国的条件，到2019年度完成修改（即2019年开始实施）。日本财务省决定新加一条标准，即人均国民总收入超过4125美元、出口的世界市场占有率在1%以上的国家被排除在特惠关税对象之外。
按照日本财务省新的规定，中国、墨西哥、巴西、泰国和马来西亚都将被排除在特惠关税对象之外。日经中文网还报道，由于连续三年被列入高收入国家，智利和阿根廷等预计今后将被剔除出日本特惠关税待遇；而印度、越南和印度尼西亚等仍将保留这一待遇。
从支援发展中国家的关税的优惠措施来看，近年来欧盟（EU）和加拿大相继减少，日本也认为需要一定程度的调整。据日经中文网报报道，日本因特惠关税而减少的关税收入达到一年330亿日元。上述不再纳入适用对象的5国占其中的300亿日元（约合人民币18.36亿元），这部分关税收入增加的可能性很大。
对中国影响有多大？
在日本，2015年度适用优惠税率的进口产品当中，60%来自中国。实行新规定后，1000至2000个品目的关税将上涨。一位日本政府有关人士指出：“经济都发展了，还有必要享受关税优待吗？”
针对日本政府的最新举动，中国商务部新闻发言人沈丹阳11月24日回应称，中国仍是世界上最大的发展中国家。虽然中国经济总量居世界第二，但人均GDP、城乡区域发展、社会福利等与发达国家尚有很大差距，实现现代化的路依然很长。
以2015年数据为例，中国人均GDP在8000美元左右，距离高收入国家的水平还有很远的距离。
但发现，相比日本政府提供的表面理由（即经济都发展了），外界对于日渐兴起的贸易保护主义风潮更为担忧。此前，特朗普表示将对中国、墨西哥征收45%的关税，同时还要将制造业回迁美国。日经中文网也撰文称，在国际社会，保护主义风潮令人担忧。日本财务省需要详细说明此次调整的意图。
沈丹阳也表示，当前，世界经济复苏势头依然脆弱，国际贸易和投资低迷。中国和日本同为世界贸易大国，互为重要经贸伙伴，两国经济互补性强，发展合作符合双方利益，希望双方共同努力，相向而行，推动中国和日本经贸关系健康发展，为世界经济增长做出贡献。
虽然日本将取消中国的特惠关税待遇，但从中国和日本贸易来看，应当紧张是日本而非中国——尽管中国制造风靡全世界，但在对日贸易上，中国一直处于逆差状态，即日本更依赖对中国的出口。
根据中国商务部网站数据，2008年——2016年前9个月，中国已连续10年对日贸易出现逆差，逆差最多的时候高达557亿美元（2010年），少的时候也有73亿美元（2015年）。10年累计下来，日本已经从中国获得超过2700亿美元的顺差（约合人民币1.86万亿，现价汇率）。
数据来源：中国商务部网站（单位：亿美元）2015年8月以来100日元对人民币汇率中间价 还有一个值得关注的现象是，安倍上台后，日本中国中央银行开启了印钞模式，甚至动用负利率政策，这导致日元大幅贬值。从2015年6月至今，日元对人民币累计贬值超过26%，日本企业由此获得了大量好处。
(责任编辑：肖武岗 UN845)
2016-11-27 17:33:35
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