Forbidden city wall began the most thorough repair, will be experimental for traditional crafts, traditional materials-IT information

"Forbidden city wall restoration project and the infrastructure maintenance and renovation phase (pilot) project" commencement ceremony was held yesterday at the National Palace Museum. Reporter was informed that the repair area for the north side of the xihua gate 233 meters North of the first historical archives of the city wall, is the forbidden city wall the most problematic period.

Forbidden city wall has been inscribed on the World Heritage list. China wall material forms after thousands of years of development, inheritance and evolution, to the Ming and Qing dynasties are reaching full maturity, the palace walls are good examples of walls of official buildings of Ming and Qing buildings. Forbidden city wall built in the Ming Dynasty Yongle for four years (1406), was built in 18 years (1420), has been nearly 600 years of history, is China's largest and best-preserved Imperial Palace wall fortification in China occupies a very important place in the history. Forbidden city wall length of 3437.6 meters, within the main structure for the rammed earth as the core, brick form of outsourcing, a four city gates are arranged in four directions, city built on the gates and towers.

According to Palace ancient built Department experts introduced, currently, wall exists of security hidden main has: surface layer brick of crisp alkali, and weathered, and away from drum, and away from drum regional exists relative bulging situation, most drum expansion volume can up 20 cm; side wall Shang exists more article vertical crack, side wall upper more at masonry body for mortar loss and loose, and missing; wall ground along middle has throughout crack; wall ground collapse, and rammed earth loss, wall ground and side has vegetation or vines. This seriously affects the safety of the city wall, in case of heavy rain there will be partial collapse possible, repair work without delay.

Shan jixiang, Director of the National Palace Museum, told reporters, the National Palace Museum has commissioned a survey on the Palace wall detailed the whole survey and analysis, and most serious danger part, to develop a scientific programme of repairs, to start the first phase of the wall renovation. The walls in the late 50 's to 70 's, two patch-record maintenance in the 90 's of the last century were dominated by lateral wall repair. 2013 walls found serious danger opposite 2014-tier serious faults, empty drum section had taken provisional top reinforcement measures. The repairs will be mainly dominated by repairs on the inside of the wall, wall surface, wall inside walls, battlements and rampart wall inside wall repair. Repairs in the scientific record for traditional crafts, traditional materials, experiments, through the study of traditional techniques and traditional materials, craftsmen interviewed and experimental approach for the repair of materials and processes, provide a practical basis for the subsequent wall repair work and methods. Relative to the walls of 90 major repair works, the repair would be "one of the most complicated since the founding of".

故宫城墙开始最彻底修缮，将针对传统工艺、传统材料进行实验 - IT资讯

“故宫城墙修缮工程暨基础设施维修改造一期（试点）工程”开工仪式昨天在故宫博物院举行。记者获悉，本次修缮区域为西华门北侧第一历史档案馆以北的233米城墙，也是故宫城墙问题最严重的一段。

故宫城墙已经被列入世界文化遗产名录。中国城墙的各种物质形态经过数千年的发展、传承和演进，到明清时代已臻于高度成熟，故宫城墙即是明清官式建筑城墙类建筑的典范。故宫城墙始建于明永乐四年（1406年），建成于十八年（1420年），至今已有近600年的历史，是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的皇家宫殿城墙，在中国筑城史上占据极其重要的地位。故宫城墙总长度为3437.6米，主体结构为内以夯土为核心，外包砖砌体形式，四个方向开有四座城门，城门上建有城台和城楼。

据故宫古建部专家介绍，目前，城墙存在的安全隐患主要有：面层砖的酥碱、风化、离鼓，且离鼓区域存在相对鼓胀情况，最大鼓胀量可达20厘米；侧墙上存在多条垂直裂缝，侧墙上部多处砌体因灰浆流失而松散、缺失；城墙地面沿中线有贯穿裂缝；城墙地面塌陷、夯土流失，城墙地面和侧面有草木或藤本植物。这些都严重影响着城墙的安全，如遇暴雨将有局部坍塌的可能，修缮工作刻不容缓。

故宫单霁翔院长告诉记者，故宫博物院已委托勘察单位对故宫城墙整体进行了详细的勘察做出病害分析，并针对险情最为严重部分，制定了科学的修缮方案，从而启动城墙第一期修缮工程。该段城墙在上世纪50年代至70年代，有两次局部修补记录；而在上世纪90年代进行的维修，均以城墙外侧修缮为主。2013年城墙发现严重险情，2014年对面层砖严重断裂、空鼓部分采取了临时的支顶加固措施。本次修缮将主要以城墙内侧修缮为主，对城墙地面、城墙内侧墙面、宇墙及堞墙内侧墙面进行修缮。修缮中，将针对传统工艺、传统材料进行科学记录、实验，通过对传统工艺及传统材料的探究，对工匠的采访及实验等途径找到适合本次修缮的材料及工艺方法，为后续的城墙修缮工作提供切实可行的依据和方法。相对于90年代进行的城墙大修工程，此次修缮将是“建国以来最彻底根治的一次”。