Dongting Lake by the barbed wire dividing ecological shrink: spend millions of Yuan _ lapping | Dongting Lake news

> Surrounding Dongting Lake network. Network photos

One steel mesh segmentation of the integrity of Dongting Lake, and allows the network to reap the fisherman to help during low tides. But reporters found these wire net not only fish and shrimp, atrophy and fishermen and local ecological benefit of flagging.

Volunteers introduce these wire mesh are usually 4, 5 meters high, about 20 km on each side, a single enclosure area ranging from 8,000 to 10,000 acres, "this is only a screen surrounding the area, it is said that there are more than more than 100 have already 6 year history. ”

In March this year, enclosure culture launched in Hunan province including rivers and Lakes clean water environment comprehensive treatment in Dongting Lake, five major initiatives. On November 25, the Hunan Provincial Government met again requested 50,000 acres in size (by County) for the high fence surrounding clean all removed.

　　Was netted by ecological environment

Divided into East Dongting Lake, South Lake, West of Dongting Lake Dongting Lake and the xiangjiang river mouth Heng Ling Lake, Lake included State-level and provincial-level nature reserves in the region, has now been included in the list of wetlands of international importance of the Convention on wetlands.

"Green xiaoxiang environment rapid response center," says Hongwu, head, network surrounding areas mainly in southern Dongting Lake in Yuanjiang areas most. According to his image shows, the steel wire mesh grid only a wide, some are broken. "High surrounding wire fence into directly on wet end, volunteers measured, in dry season, dwarf wall probably unearthed in the top five or six meters high, buried one meter deep". Introduction to China's finless porpoise conservation action network jointly sponsor Jiang Yi, water can be seen, length and width of a few kilometers, a line, is all the nets.

East Dongting Lake Conservation Association volunteers He Bingxiu said enclosure has different levels, from small river country, bamboo mihunzhen, height surrounding bamboo and steel mesh plastic wire mesh and steel enclosure. Among them, high wire usually 4 to 5 meters high, about 20 km on each side, a single enclosure area ranging from 8,000 to 10,000 acres, "this is only a screen surrounding the area, it is said that there are more than more than 100 have already 6 year history. ”

"Rising fish in water when the tide receded fish nets inside, unable to return to the water column. "According to the environmental protection volunteers introduced, set the" net "of not only the small fish and shrimps in the Lake, there are a variety of endangered species, the species will be affected by enclosure damaged the environment. Reduction of fish resources, finless porpoise hunt will also be affected, inhabit the White Stork, black stork and other waterfowl are also affected. In addition, the Dongting wetland habitat for elk, moose in the water migrated on a seasonal wetlands, the dwarf wall, where Elk go will go to the wall, directly affects its movement. For migratory birds are likely to be high around damage.

In addition, low Wai will also have an impact on flood control and disaster relief. "Dwarf surrounding obstructions to the discharge, if the emergency occurred, whether it is to save lives or put supplies will run because of the low surrounding inconvenience."

　　Was netted by fishermen's interests

In 2002, in a local developing Reed industry, but with the fall in demand for the paper, reeds prices decline. Fishery management station left, Yuanjiang named AdSense introduced after local government land has been contracted out Reed, then efficiency decline, some fences do farming. He said these networks existed by 2013. High strong, Director of protection of East Dongting Lake national nature reserve, "said southern Dongting Lake planting reeds of poor performance, but it also does not allow contract. ”

Jiang Yi Chinese river dolphin conservation action network sponsors believe that Reed industry declines, local high fence surrounding appear, although some people profit again, but this behavior is not only damage to the whole ecological environment of Dongting Lake, and crowding out the other part of the fishermen's fishing resources.

"Fishermen are 100, fish is 100, now only 20 fish, fishermen are also 100 fishermen how to live? Fishermen were forced to survive may be some illegal means (such as fish), creating a vicious cycle ", said Jiang Yi.

Head of a local fishing factory, told reporters, since the beginning of this year, the Government began renovating surrounding Dongting Lake network, also has an impact on net sales, sold nearly motionless in a fishing net. He explained that the development a few years ago Reed plant, benefits decline, many people began to raise fish cage culture in General mainly, to ring up some, do not let other people use. "The local fish, lap up, don't let others get (breeding). "" Now removed enclosure, they (the fishermen) to do in the future? ”

　　Officers asked

　　Who built the high fence surrounding it?

　　Because of the Reed industry downturn, the local contractor network

"Green xiaoxiang environment rapid reaction Center" Hongwu introduced, local fishermen are divided into two classes, one with "big boss" work, and which is being diverted fishermen fishing space for a long time. And these "big boss" is the original contractor, they are builders are also beneficiaries of enclosure, locally known as "fishing despot". China's finless porpoise conservation action network sponsors said Jiang Yi, the net is not the fishermen to build, "this several-meter-high steel mesh, covers a very large area, are tens of thousands of acres and costing more. ”

Reporters noted that the network under construction, a summer's name was repeatedly mentioned by the media. Last year, according to media reports, yiyang businessman took 15-year, 160 million, built a illegal Wai Huan Dongting Lake. In 2014, the surrounding embankment of about 18 km of the Dongting Lake, Hunan provincial Center for remote sensing by satellite surveillance. This huge Wai Huan, effects of flood safety and aquatic ecology. Due to violations of the law on flood control, Hunan provincial water resources department personnel to the scene for investigations, repeatedly asked the local water conservancy departments to take relevant measures. According to reports, the scale of a Wai Huan removal costs in the tens of millions of Yuan.

Experts say, from the development of high-yielding Reed, to encourage Lake fish at different historical stages in the local policy objective of summer have some misleading.

Director, Office of animal husbandry and aquatic products Bureau, Hunan province, Wu Shen Shu said "fishing despot" is commonly known as, is the illegal possession. Now to increase natural reproduction of fish breeding sites, not allowing individual possession.

Deep tree said the high fence surrounding Dongting Lake some problems left over by history, of the 780, local villagers repair the low surrounding water, used to control schistosomiasis. Later, some villagers will dwarf wall height, used to increase the number of fish.

　　Enclosure when removed?

　　Full liquidation of Dongting Lake before the end of 2017, high fence around

Press enquiries, enclosure seriously in Yuanjiang, Yuanjiang notices on March 28 this year, the Government said, in order to protect the ecological environment of Dongting Lake, decided in March to December in a citywide special action to dismantle illegal high fence surrounding Dongting Lake, prohibit any organization, entity, individuals may Lake State natural area.

In March 2016, Hunan province launched the enclosure culture of clean rivers and Lakes such as Lake water environment comprehensive treatment of five initiatives. On November 26, 2016, the Hunan Provincial Government met again requested 50,000 acres in size (by County) for the high fence surrounding clean all removed. Demolition objectives have been incorporated into the Government's scope of examination.

Fishery management station left, Yuanjiang surname webmasters introduces the split network involves more than 160,000 acres, started in March. "Hunan provincial government approval, but difficulty of dismantling large, complex structure of the enclosure, when the building they (built network) with a bulldozer pushing a earth-moving out, then fitted with steel mesh, not very good split.

According to an official release, on November 25, the farmed environment comprehensive treatment in Dongting Lake region advance will held in Lixian County, changde city. Dai Daojin, Vice Governor of Hunan province attended the meeting and made a speech. It was noted that illegal high fence surrounding cleanup to do all culvert removal, surrounding all the sluices, nylon, steel mesh net and enclosure, such as bamboo, wood, concrete columns and steel structure complete demolition.

Media reports, however, pen-demolition work did not go well, which relates to the relevant contract and the interests of all parties involved, removed index published by the Government, some people do not look good.

Director, Office of animal husbandry and aquatic products Bureau, Hunan province, said Wu Shen tree after the high fence surrounding regulation of local times, but rebound after each treatment, this time in the province's deployment, multiple sectors, for a comprehensive cleanup, "where illegal farming in the Lake District, are banned. ”

Wu said dark tree, in the course of law enforcement, due to conflict with the interests of the individual, action difficult. Experts therefore recommend that overall ecological conservation in Dongting Lake in urgent need of a unified regulatory body.

Deep tree says, the operation led by Governments at all levels, fishery departments to take the lead. Involving the entire Lake area, including changde, yiyang, Yueyang, Changsha, wangcheng area. Currently promoting. Deep tree, Lake part of the marshes in Dongting Lake, Lake area, the regulation needs more manpower and resources. "Overall, the current clean effect is good, people are recognized.

Reporters have the fall intern Wu Lin Yue

> Editor: Wang Hao

Article keywords:
Dongting Lake

I want feedback
Save a Web page
The Beijing News

洞庭湖遭铁丝网分割，生态萎缩：有人花亿元铺网|洞庭湖_新闻资讯
>洞庭湖网围。网络资料图片

　　一张张钢丝网分割了原本完整的洞庭湖，让建网者在退潮时坐收渔翁之利。然而记者采访发现，这些钢丝网网住的不仅仅是鱼虾，还有当地生态的萎缩和渔民收益的萎靡。

　　环保志愿者介绍，这些钢丝网通常高4、5米，每边长约20公里，单个网围面积从八千到一万多亩不等，“这仅是一个网围的面积，据说当地有100多个，有的已有6年多历史。”

　　今年3月，湖南省启动了包括河湖网围养殖清理在内的洞庭湖水环境综合治理五大专项行动。11月25日，湖南省政府再次开会要求面积在5万亩以下(以县为单位)的矮围网围全部清理拆除。

　　被网住的生态环境

　　洞庭湖分为东洞庭湖、南洞庭湖、西洞庭湖以及湘江河口的横岭湖，湖区内包括国家级和省级自然保护区，目前已被列入《湿地公约》国际重要湿地名录。

　　“绿色潇湘环境快速反应中心”负责人洪武表示，网围现象最严重区域主要存在于南洞庭湖沅江地区。根据他拍摄的图片显示，这些钢丝网网格只有一指宽，有些已经破损。“矮围网围用钢丝编成，直接在湿地上竖起来，有志愿者测量过，在枯水期，矮围大概出土上面五六米高，埋在地下的也要一米深”。中国江豚保护行动网络联合发起人蒋忆介绍，退水期都可以看得到，长和宽有几公里，一条线，全都是这样的网。

　　东洞庭湖生态保护协会志愿者何柄秀称，网围有不同等级，包括小型拦河围、竹竿迷魂阵、高度与钢丝网围相当的竹竿塑料丝网及钢丝网围。其中，钢丝网通常高4到5米高，每边长约20公里，单个网围面积从八千到一万多亩不等，“这仅是一个网围的面积，据说当地有100多个，有的已有6年多历史。”

　　“涨水时鱼进去，水潮退去时鱼就被网在里面，无法回到原来的水体中。”据环保志愿者介绍，在此设置了“天罗地网”的湖水里不仅只有小鱼小虾，还有各种珍贵物种，这些物种都会因为网围破坏了环境而受到影响。鱼类资源减少，江豚捕食也会受到影响，栖息此地的白鹳、黑鹤等许多水禽也会受到影响。此外，洞庭湖流域湿地也是麋鹿的栖息地，麋鹿在退水季节在湿地上迁移，造了矮围，麋鹿走到哪里都会碰壁，直接影响其迁移。对于候鸟而言也很容易被矮围伤害。

　　此外，造矮围也会对防洪救灾造成影响。“矮围会阻碍泄洪，如果真的发生险情，不管是救人还是投放物资，都会因为矮围而运行不便”。

　　被网住的渔民利益

　　2002年，有人曾在当地开发芦苇养殖产业，但随着纸张需求量下降，芦苇价格也随之下降。沅江市渔政监督管理站左姓站长介绍，此前当地政府曾将土地承包出去种芦苇，后来效益下滑，便有人围网做养殖。他表示，这些网2013年时就已存在。东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区保护科科长高大力表示，“当时南洞庭湖种植芦苇的效益不好，不过现在也不允许承包了。”

　　中国江豚保护行动网络联合发起人蒋忆认为，在芦苇产业下滑后，当地矮围网围出现，虽然一些人因此再次获利，但是这一行为不仅对整个洞庭湖生态环境造成破坏，还挤占了另外部分渔民的渔业资源。

　　“渔民本来是一百个，鱼本来是一百条，现在鱼只有20条，渔民还是一百个，渔民怎么活？渔民被逼无奈可能会为了生存使用一些非法方式(如电鱼)，形成恶性循环”，蒋忆说。

　　当地一位渔网加工厂负责人对记者表示，今年年初以来，政府开始整治洞庭湖网围，对渔网销售也造成了影响，渔网几乎卖不动。他介绍，前几年发展过芦苇种植，效益下滑后，不少人开始养鱼，普通渔民主要搞网箱养殖，也有一些人把地圈起来，不让其他人使用。“那个地方鱼多，就圈起来，不让别人搞(养殖)了。”“现在要把网围都拆掉，他们(渔民)今后怎么办？”

　　探员追问

　　矮围网围是谁建的？

　　因芦苇产业下滑，当地承包户变成建网者

　　“绿色潇湘环境快速反应中心”洪武介绍，当地渔民分两类，一类跟着“大老板”干活，还有一类则是被长期挤占捕鱼空间的渔民。而这些“大老板”则是当初的一些承包户，他们是网围的建设者也是受益者，当地人称之为“渔霸”。中国江豚保护行动网络联合发起人蒋忆表示，网并不是一般的渔民建的，“这种几米高的钢丝网，占地面积很大，大多是几万亩，耗资比较大。”

　　记者注意到，在建网者之中，一个叫夏某某的名字被媒体多次提起。据媒体去年报道，益阳商人夏某某耗时15年、投资1.6亿，在洞庭湖内建了一个非法围垸。2014年，这个洞庭湖上约18平方公里的围垸，被湖南省遥感中心通过卫星监测发现。这个庞大的围垸，影响行洪安全和水域生态。由于违反《防洪法》，湖南省水利厅组织人员到现场调查，多次要求当地水利部门采取相关措施。而据介绍，如此大规模的一个围垸其拆除成本在数千万元。

　　有专家表示，从发展高产芦苇，到鼓励湖区养鱼，当地不同历史阶段的政策，客观上对夏某某产生某些误导。

　　湖南省畜牧水产局办公室主任武深树表示，“渔霸”是地方俗称，其行为属于非法占有。现在要增加鱼类自然生殖繁衍场所，不能让个别人占有。

　　武深树称，洞庭湖矮围网围现象有一部分是历史遗留问题，上世纪七八十年代，当地组织村民修矮围蓄水，用来防治血吸虫病。后来，部分村民将矮围加高，用来增加捕鱼数量。

　　网围何时能够拆除？

　　2017年底前全面清理洞庭湖矮围网围

　　记者查询到，在网围严重的沅江，沅江市政府在今年3月28日发布通告称，为切实保护洞庭湖生态环境，决定于3月至12月在全市开展拆除洞庭湖非法矮围网围专项行动，禁止任何组织、单位、个人侵占洞庭湖国有天然水域。

　　2016年3月，湖南省启动了河湖网围养殖清理等洞庭湖水环境综合治理五大专项行动。2016年11月26日，湖南省政府再次开会要求面积在5万亩以下(以县为单位)的矮围网围全部清理拆除。而这些拆除目标已经纳入政府的考核范围。

　　沅江市渔政监督管理站左姓站长介绍，此次拆网涉及超16万亩，3月开始进行。“湖南省政府有批文，但拆除难度比较大，那些网围结构复杂，当初建设时他们(筑网者)用推土机推一个土方出来，再装上钢丝网，不太好拆。

　　根据官方发布，11月25日，洞庭湖区养殖环境综合整治推进会在常德市澧县召开。湖南省副省长戴道晋出席会议并讲话。会议指出，非法矮围网围清理，要做到土围所有涵闸全部拆除，尼龙、钢丝网围所有涵闸、网片以及网围竹、木、水泥立柱和钢筋等架构全部拆除。

　　不过有媒体曾报道，相关网围的拆除工作并不顺利，其中涉及到相关承包合同和各方利益的牵扯，对于政府公布的相关拆除指标，一些人并不看好。

　　湖南省畜牧水产局办公室主任武深树表示，此前，当地也曾多次进行矮围网围整治，但每次整治后都有反弹，这次在全省部署，多个部门参与，争取全面清理，“凡在湖区的非法养殖，都要取缔。”

　　武深树说，执法过程中，由于触犯个别人的利益，行动有些难度。专家因此建议，洞庭湖整体的生态保护急需建立统一的管理机构。

　　武深树表示，此次行动由各级政府主导，渔政部门牵头。涉及整个洞庭湖区域，包括常德、益阳、岳阳以及长沙市望城区。目前整体推进情况尚可。武深树表示，洞庭湖湖区有部分沼泽地带，湖区面积大，整治需要更多人力物力。“整体来看，目前清理效果比较好，百姓也比较认可。

　　记者 曾金秋 实习生 武琳悦

>责任编辑：王浩成

文章关键词：
洞庭湖

我要反馈
保存网页
新京报