Academician Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei smog causes: too much coal, fuel-poor quality-smog and air pollution-IT information
On December 23, the Chinese Academy of engineering held du xiangwan attended the China Science News "2016 green China Development Forum" and delivered a speech. His lecture on the topic of China's energy strategy of low carbon transition. But in mid-December for several days in North China's severe haze has become a topic of concern, which made du xiangwan also "have to" haze talked: "haze component is now clear, that my speech from the haze of the ' supply side ' source said. ”
Du xiangwan is engaged in energy research, now Deputy Director of the National Energy Advisory Committee of experts. He said that over the years our investment in high energy-consuming industries drive economic growth, is taking the traditional route of industrialization and overcapacity, low environmental standard construction of the compression type, complex type of pollution.
In addition to capital, extensive urbanization growth rate faster than the speed of environmental protection is also an important factor. Said du xiangwan, our number of cars is growing rapidly, and a lot of people compare large vehicles, and low quality of oil products . "GDP is a hard, green is very soft, pollution exceed the capacity of the environment, becomes a linear trend of the outbreak. ”
In addition to the resources, energy inefficient carbon inputs. Du xiangwan give you an account: in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, the unit square kilometers per year coal consumption is 30 times the global average . China's coal consumption, half is used to generate electricity, and half are direct combustion. We burn 7.8 billion tons of coal a year, and a ton of coal burned to produce more pollution than coal pollution 5 to 10 times. "China is now the resource prices are low, pollution of low cost, high carbon energy structure is obvious. This structure needs to be optimized, we must strengthen the energy revolution. ”
Du xiangwan said by comparison analysis of national per capita energy consumption, the developed countries in the early stages of development, with the increase of per capita GDP, per capita energy consumption is climbing. But when the per capita GDP of $20,000, basic per capita energy consumption is no longer growing, and continued development of the economy. As you can see, developed from the per capita GDP of $20,000 to $40,000 per capita energy consumption in the United States, Canada and Europe twice. It is revealing to us: developed countries, there are two types of high carbon and low carbon-low carbon development can also be the path to modernization.
"Our energy consumption per unit GDP is now 1.7 times the world average, the United States and Japan are much higher. "Du xiangwan believes that great effort, we want to be the per capita energy consumption curve of" twist ". We want to lower energy consumption than Europe, Japan is hard enough, we can than they look very good.
Faced with this situation, China energy low carbon transformation in the way how to go?
Du xiangwan proposed, we to go energy-saving, and mention effect of road, change extensive, and high energy of development way, including on energy total and energy strength of double control, do to capacity, and to inventory work, prevent produced new of capacity excess; to gradually reduction coal, special do bulk burn coal of alternative , this is on China high carbon based energy must moving of a "big surgery"; to vigorously degrees, and quality to development non-fossil energy, increased once energy in the of non-fossil share, increased power in the of non-fossil share ; To increase oil gas, strengthening the exploration and development of new energy cars, improving fuel standards.
Original title of the Academician du xiangwan speeches start with the source of haze in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coal consumption per unit area is 30 times the global average, IT edit modify, as necessary, of information.
院士谈京津冀雾霾根源：煤用得太多，燃油的品质也差 - 雾霾,空气污染 - IT资讯
12月23日，中国工程院院士杜祥琬参加了中国科学报社举办的“2016绿色中国发展论坛”并发表演讲。原本他演讲的题目是中国能源的低碳转型战略。但12月中旬华北地区持续几天的严重霾天气成了人们最关注的话题，这使杜祥琬也“不得不”从霾谈起：“霾的成分现在搞清楚了，那我的演讲就从霾的‘供给侧’根源说起。”
杜祥琬是从事能源研究的，现任国家能源咨询专家委员会副主任。他说，这些年来我们投资高耗能产业驱动经济增长，走的是传统工业化路线，产能过剩、低环境标准的建设产生了压缩型、复合型的环境污染。
除了资本要素，粗放的城市化增长速度快于环境保护速度也是重要因素。杜祥琬说，我们的汽车数量增长很快，而且很多人攀比大排量的车，油品的质量又比较低。“GDP很硬，环保很软，污染超过了环境的容量，成了一种非线性爆发的趋势。”
此外还有资源、能源的低效高碳投入。杜祥琬给大家算了一笔账：在京津冀地区，单位平方公里每年消耗的煤炭是全球平均值的30倍。中国煤炭的消耗，有一半是用来发电的，剩下一半是直接燃烧的。我们每年的散烧煤有7—8亿吨，而一吨散烧煤燃烧产生的污染比发电煤产生的污染要多5到10倍。“中国现在是资源的价格低，污染的成本低，能源结构高碳很明显。这一结构亟待优化，必须强化能源革命。”
杜祥琬通过对各国人均能耗的比较后分析说，发达国家在发展初期，随着人均GDP的提高，人均能耗都在爬升。但是到了人均GDP 2万美元时，基本都是人均能耗不再增长，而经济继续发展。可以看到，从人均GDP 2万美元发展到4万美元，美、加的人均能耗竟是日、欧的两倍。这对我们是有启示意义的：发达国家有两类，高碳型和相对低碳型，低碳发展也可以通向现代化。
“我们现在的单位GDP能耗已经是世界平均水平的1.7倍了，比美、日要高得多。”杜祥琬认为，我们要费很大的劲才可能把人均高能耗的曲线“扭”下来。我们想要比欧、日的能耗低已经很难了，我们能不比他们高就很不错了。
面对这种形势，中国能源低碳转型的路该怎么走？
杜祥琬提出，我们要走节能、提效之路，改变粗放、高耗能的发展方式，包括对能源总量和能源强度的双控制，做好去产能、去库存工作，防止产生新的产能过剩；要逐步减煤，特别做好散烧煤的替代，这是对中国高碳基础能源必须动的一个“大手术”；要大力度、高质量地发展非化石能源，增加一次能源中的非化石比重，增加电力中的非化石比重；要稳油增气，加强勘探，发展新能源汽车，提高燃油标准。
原标题《中国工程院院士杜祥琬演讲从霾的根源说起 京津冀单位面积煤耗是全球平均值三十倍》，IT资讯编辑酌情修改。