Crazy Chinese Internet company open a Bank, but faces many problems-the Internet, banking-IT information

Traditional industry's most fertile land--the banking industry is seeing a lot of new players, they are Internet companies with no financial background.

Last week, following the rice after the Bank announced the new network set up, suning and United States also have approved establishment of private banks. Prior to this, there are news and music as intended, in Shanxi's bid for private banks. And at the end of 2014 and 2015 summer, owned by Tencent micro-banks and Ant-gold suits its network Bank has been officially opened. Unknowingly built, joined the ranks of the Bank of Internet companies have at least 5 more.

In fact, it is not meant to open to the Internet company the CBRC privileges. At present, China approved establishment of 16 private banks, including Internet companies involved in only 5 of the private banks. Even if approved to build the 5 private banks, and only a micro-banks and net banking background of the two Internet companies.

According to the currently approved establishment of banks, banking regulators in each of the provinces approved the construction of 1-2 private bank, the vast majority of provinces is currently only approved 1, Zhejiang Province, only 2 were approved. 16 private banks are granted time and opened as follows:

Internet companies and traditional businesses into the Bank the biggest difference is that the former relies primarily on online data business, which relies mainly on line store and user contacts. After following the micro-banks and the network operators, banks, new network Bank claimed to do the third Internet Bank, which means that the three banks will carry out a pure online business, there will be no offline physical storefront.

Micro-banks rely on social data remaining on business data

According to statistics, in has Internet company participation of 5 home private bank in the, Internet company General are for maximum or second big shareholders, which Tencent in micro-all Bank, and Ant gold clothing in network business Bank and Su Ningyun business in suning Bank are for maximum shareholders, its accounted for unit are for 30%; and millet in new network Bank and beauty Mission reviews in billion joint Bank are for second big shareholders.

Predictable is this 5 Internet business model of the company itself, will to some extent determine the future direction of the participating banks.

Looking at Tencent, Ant-gold suit, millet, Su Ningyun and beauty reviews all 5 companies, only Tencent social attributes most apparent, several other companies e-commerce property is more obvious. Tencent relies mainly on micro-social data and QQ, Ant can use affiliate behind the gold suit Taobao's e-commerce data, millet by selling hardware has accumulated a lot of e-commerce data, Su Ningyun and group reviews the same because it produces a lot of e-commerce data.

This means that micro-banks will rely mainly on Tencent micro and social data such as QQ, and several other banks to go different roads.

In fact, since its opening, micro-banks and operators great differences in Bank location.

Opened as the first domestic private banks, micro-Bank was first established on the choice of the mode of Internet Bank, clarified the inclusive financial "connected" position, the goal is to have a mass of customers, hope in the future there are 3.5 billion QQ/app user manual a "purse", is available for all particles and loan lending, borrowing and duration the user freedom of choice.

However, micro-bank first opened, but its use is QQ and social platforms such as micro-data on help in the financial business, there is an immediate effect. Micro-payments and QQ with transaction data for the purse increase micro-banks may refer to data in the future will also change.

In contrast, Department of financial services network Bank has a natural base. E-commerce platform has numerous businesses owned by Ali, many shop owners need cash flow, net Bank according to Taobao's transaction data to determine whether or not there is a corresponding repayment ability.

It is reported that the network operators, the three main objectives of the bank customer groups are small and micro businesses, consumers and rural users. Network Bank located in the Bank of China has the largest number of small and micro enterprise customers, whose goal is to cover 10 million small business customers within five years, to solve these enterprise financing and financing problems such as.

Su Ningyun and group reviews both is similar to Ant-gold suit, with a large e-commerce transaction data, and also owns many businesses on the platform. Therefore, it is easy to think of, and soon after, perhaps a restaurant because access to the United States Mission reviews, can millions of bank loans.

For example, the Group reviews the current partners reached 4.5 million, through the data behind these businesses can tap the potential of large financial. Many businesses need new store openings, expansion of storefronts or interior decoration, etc, can be a liquidity problem.

Banks claimed that despite the new network will provide consumers and provides financial services to small and micro businesses, millet has many transactional data, but Ant-gold suit, Su Ningyun and group reviews different is that transaction millet data from c-Terminal, and not a lot of businesses on its platform, so it is difficult to provide loans to businesses, will be focused on c-end user services.

In addition to the platform's own figures, the Chinese Central Bank credit data and other data dimensions will also be included in the reference range, the Bank will set a model, the model through a multidimensional data, and ultimately to determine whether a person can borrow and how much borrowing. A user transaction data in the app better, once their credit records in the event of default by the Central Bank of China, even if Tencent employees, "particle loan" also does not provide loans.

Remote account is still difficult

"Do not give online account, Internet banking only licensed technology company. "On March 23, 2016, China Merchants Bank President Ma weihua said at the Boao Forum for Asia, net banking and micro-banks, two of the Internet banks a major unsolved problem--no online account opened by the Central Bank in China license.

In fact, prior to December 25, 2015, China's Central Bank has issued by the people's Bank of China on improving the individual bank account service issued the notice on strengthening the management of account, classification management personal bank accounts, accounts with different permissions to different channels open, remote account is allowed.

Earlier, the micro-banks and the network operators, banks cannot achieve a remote account, must rely on the user card to do authentication, only open weak electronic accounts for users. In future, people will be able to open an account via a remote video, give their clients to open a class II or class III.

But this is not the Internet banks really want to see, because this is the only class I feature the most complete account, that account. Due to user security concerns, China's Central Bank as long as the Bank does not provide staff on-site verification, you can't give customers open a most functional class I, would be unable to carry out deposit, cash withdrawal services. But no line of Internet banking entity stores and is therefore always cannot open a fully functioning account for the user.

As he put it, Internet Bank most wrenching question now is how to solve the problem of remote opening, micro-banks and the network operators, banks, all pray "brush face opening" era of.

Network operators, former Governor of the Bank by Yu Sheng last year has expressed sympathy for micro-banks, he thought that the Bank opened for half a year, but only a very small proportion of the customers-oriented microfinance products "particle credits", its telling is that there is no system of national accounts.

It is worth mentioning that, in order to make remote opening preparation, network commercial bank last year in the company's internal "brush face" attempt to identify, in the net Bank placed a large screen at the front desk, employees go out is no longer pay cards, but "brush face" in and out. But until now, remote account is still the common problems faced by Internet banking, to resolve also takes time.

中国互联网公司疯狂开银行，但面临众多问题 - 互联网,银行 - IT资讯

传统行业最肥沃的领地——银行业即将迎来一大批新玩家，他们是没有任何金融背景的互联网公司。

过去一周，继小米宣布新网银行设立之后，苏宁和美团也相继获批筹建民营银行。此前，还有消息传出乐视拟在山西申办民营银行。而在2014年底和2015年夏天，腾讯旗下微众银行和蚂蚁金服旗下网商银行已经分别正式对外开业。不知不觉建，加入银行大军的互联网公司已经至少已有5家之多。

实际上，并非是银监会有意要向互联网公司开放特权。目前，中国获批筹建的民营银行有16家，其中有互联网公司参与的民营银行仅有5家。即使首批获准筹建的5家民营银行中，也仅有微众银行和网商银行这两家有互联网公司背景。

根据目前获批筹建的银行来看，银监会在每个省级行政区批准了1-2家民营银行的筹建，其中绝大多数省份目前只获批了1家，仅有浙江省获批了2家。16家民营银行的获批时间和开业情况如下：

互联网公司与传统企业进军银行业最大的区别在于，前者主要依靠线上数据开展业务，后者主要依靠线下店面与用户接触。继微众银行和网商银行之后，新网银行宣称要做第三家互联网银行，这意味着这三家银行都将开展纯线上业务，不会设立线下实体店面。

微众银行靠社交数据其余靠电商数据

据统计，在有互联网公司参与的5家民营银行中，互联网公司一般都为最大或第二大股东，其中腾讯在微众银行、蚂蚁金服在网商银行以及苏宁云商在苏宁银行都为最大股东，其占股均为30%；而小米在新网银行以及美团点评在亿联银行均为第二大股东。

可以预见的是，这5家互联网公司本身的业务模式，将在某种程度上决定所参与银行的未来走向。

纵观腾讯、蚂蚁金服、小米、苏宁云商和美团点评这5家公司，只有腾讯的社交属性最明显，其他几家公司的电商属性更明显。腾讯主要依靠微信和QQ的社交数据，蚂蚁金服背后可以利用关联公司淘宝的电商数据，小米依靠销售硬件也积累了不少电商数据，苏宁云商和美团点评同样因为交易产生了很多电商数据。

这意味着，微众银行将主要依赖腾讯的微信和QQ等社交数据，要走和其他几家银行不一样的道路。

实际上，自开业以来，微众银行和网商银行的定位就出现巨大差异。

作为国内首家开业的民营银行，微众银行在成立之初就选择了互联网银行模式，明确了普惠金融“连接者”的定位，其目标是拥有海量的客户，希望在未来有3-5亿QQ/微信用户人手一个“钱包”，人人都可用微粒贷借贷，借款额度和期限用户自由选择。

不过，微众银行虽然率先开业，但其可以利用的则是QQ和微信等社交平台的数据，在对金融业务的帮助上，难有立竿见影的效果。好在随着微信支付和QQ钱包的交易数据不断增多，未来微众银行可参考的数据也将变多。

与之相比，阿里系的网商银行拥有天然的金融服务根基。阿里旗下电商平台拥有众多商家多，不少店主需要资金周转，恰好网商银行可以根据淘宝的交易数据来确定对方是否有相应的还款能力。

据悉，网商银行的三大目标客户群体是小微企业、个人消费者和农村用户。网商银行定位于做中国小微企业客户数最多的银行，其目标是五年内覆盖1000万小微企业客户，解决困扰这些企业前进的融资难、融资贵等问题。

苏宁云商和美团点评二者都与蚂蚁金服类似，拥有大量电商交易数据，而且平台上也拥有不少商家。因此，我们很容易想到，不久之后，也许一家餐馆因为接入了美团点评，就可以在亿联银行贷款了。

例如，美团点评目前合作商家达450万家，透过这些商户背后的数据，可挖掘出不小的金融潜力。如不少商家需要新开店面、扩大店面或者室内装修等，都可以需要资金周转。

尽管新网银行宣称将为消费者和小微企业提供金融服务，小米也拥有众多交易数据，但与蚂蚁金服、苏宁云商以及美团点评不同的是，小米的交易数据主要来自C端，其平台上并没有大量商家，因此很难为商家提供贷款等，将主要针对C端用户提供服务。

除了参考平台自身的数据，中国中央银行征信数据以及其他维度的数据也将被纳入参考范围，银行会设定一个模型，该模型通过多维度是数据，最终才确定一个人是否能借款及借款额度是多少。一个用户在微信上的交易数据再好，一旦其中国中央银行征信记录中出现违约，即使是腾讯员工，“微粒贷”也不会为其提供贷款。

远程开户仍然是难题

“不给网上开户，互联网银行只能叫有牌照的技术公司。”2016年3月23日，招商银行前行长马蔚华在博鳌亚洲论坛上指出，网商银行和微众银行这两家互联网银行一个重大的问题没解决——中国中央银行没有开辟网上开户的许可。

实际上，在此之前的2015年12月25日，中国中央银行已经下发《中国人民银行关于改进个人银行账户服务加强账户管理的通知》，个人银行账户将实行分类管理，不同渠道开立的账户具有不同权限，远程开户也被允许。

此前，微众银行和网商银行无法实现远程开户，必须依靠用户绑定银行卡才能做身份验证，只能为用户开立弱电子账户。今后，人们就可以通过远程视频开户，给自己的客户开立Ⅱ类户或Ⅲ类户。

但这并不是互联网银行真正想要看到的，因为只有Ⅰ类才是功能最全的账户，即存款账户。出于用户资金安全考虑，中国中央银行规定只要这些银行不能提供工作人员现场核验，就不能给客户开立功能最全的Ⅰ类户，也就不能开展存款、现金支取等业务。但互联网银行都没有线下实体门店，因此始终无法为用户开设一个全功能的账户。

正如马蔚华所言，互联网银行眼下最揪心的问题也是如何解决远程开户的问题，微众银行与网商银行，都在祈祷“刷脸开户”时代的到来。

网商银行前行长俞胜法去年就曾对微众银行表达过同情，他认为微众银行开业半年，但仅有面向极小部分客户开放的小额信贷产品“微粒贷”，其难言之隐就在于没有账户体系。

值得一提的是，为了做好远程开户的准备，网商银行去年就在公司内部展开“刷脸”识别的尝试，在网商银行前台安放有大屏幕，员工进出门已经无需再掏工卡，而是直接“刷脸”进出。但时至今日，远程开户仍然是互联网银行普遍面临的问题，要解决还需要时间。