Chinese scientists made three breakthroughs will affect | | cell regeneration of scientists _ your life news
In 2016, the areas where one could change people's future life, Chinese scientists have never stopped chasing the pace achieved one breakthrough after another.
Today, to learn about changing the future with three cutting-edge technology in the future, they are likely to affect your life!
Capture the mysterious mayuelanafeimizi
First to recognize a particles called mayuelanafeimizi, due to the stable state, which is perfect for making quantum computers, but to capture it, scientists have concentrated followed 80 years.
In a lab in the Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Jia Jinfeng was leading his team on a magical particles: mayuelanafeimizi. The temperature a little to improve, the magnetic field gradually change, Professor Jia Jinfeng to track mayuelanafeimizi status at any time.
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Although a lot of people are talking about the Super performance of quantum computing, such as a second super computer could do it in a few years of computing tasks, but has so far not produced a real quantum computer, one of the major reasons is that particle State for quantum computing is not stable, any electromagnetic interference or physical can easily disrupt its work. Mayuelanafeimizi's condition is very stable, which makes it perfect for making quantum computers. Six months ago in laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Jia Jinfeng successfully captured it.
Mention the scene at that time, Jia Jinfeng said: "in fact, when I first heard the mayuelanafeimizi, I think the May 20 did not necessarily do it. ”
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Using special methods of preparation, Jia Jinfeng team grow in superconductors Nano-thickness 5 topological insulators, prepare topology superconductor materials, ultimately found in the topology on the interface of superconductor mayuelanafeimizi. Lost 80 years of mysterious particles was successfully captured, Jia Jinfeng also strengthened its manufacturing confidence in quantum computers.
Speaking of future plans, Jia Jinfeng said: "We hope we can made to topological quantum bits in a few years! (Previous) world, not yet, so if we start from this point to cut it, all about us was the same starting line, and for our country, which is able to catch up with the world pace a point of quantum computing. ”
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Liquid metal stand up movie scene or become reality
Like science fiction film of the liquid metal robot should be familiar, but was stood up by liquid metal, arbitrary changes shape like a science fiction movie robots, scientists are working toward. Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese scientists also continue to explore, continue to make breakthroughs in this field.
Researcher, Institute of physics and chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, Professor Liu Jing said: "flexible machine should say most challenging robotics, and that should be the ultimate goal, liquid metal open lot for this flexible machine vision in recent years. ”
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Liu Jing task group is the international forefront in the study of gallium and Indium alloys. High melting point of metal, usually in addition to mercury, general situation of metal solid. Gallium-Indium alloy of both metals can remain liquid even at room temperature, but also has many amazing features. Liu Jing's biggest goal right now is to allow the liquid metal can stand up, "now our liquid metal strength and weakness, but how to make it 10 times or even 20 times greater (strength)? ”
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Yet to be developed like in the movie, like the liquid metal robot, Liu Jing has encountered one of the biggest bank, "need it to stand up, it is going in this table can stand up, need it to get on the ground, it is like a pool of water, rapidly creeping in on the desktop, this is now one of the most basic problems. ”
Liu Jing tried to add metal to liquid metal, just like a human skeleton, so that liquid metal will support its own power, while Liu Jing also hopes to use the flexible materials to liquid-metal packaging, as if out of the liquid metal with a layer of skin. Toward this goal, Liu Jing team achieved a series of liquid metal in 2016. Flexible jumping oscillation in liquid metal rhythm, you can do all kinds of complex movements in a farm.
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Liu Jing said that the 2017 goal is to assemble liquid metal, let it stand, "just like in science fiction movies can be deformation of liquid metal machine, this is entirely possible. ”
New directions in medical field: cell regeneration
In the near future, he was ill, medication may not be the only option, and perhaps can be treated with special materials and means, let human cells regenerate, repair damaged parts, cure diseases, and in this medical frontier, Chinese scientists are also actively explore new ways of saving lives.
Genetic development, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, the unique skill--Dai Jianwu Fellows tissue regeneration and damage repair biomaterials technology, already in the clinic has achieved surprising results. Recently, one in May this year unfortunately had a car accident, neck injury, no activity of lower extremity patients finished in "neural collagen scaffold" stem-cell transplant, has gradually resumed its lower limb function, neural signal conduction across the injury site.
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Dai Jianwu said that in the regeneration of the area, we think is the most difficult regeneration or the organization is probably the least able to regenerate the central nervous system, in the natural world, Gecko's tail is broken, you can grow yourself. However, stem cells and growth factors also has the ability to repair the damage, but due to the size of the Nano, in enriching the blood circulation is difficult to function in the damaged area. Therefore, the restoration is difficult. Dai Jianwu targeting this difficult start, made fixed, and damaged part of the biometric support "I am different, it can indeed by our design of this feature, combined with stem cells or growth factors, you can identify these active ingredients in your location, micro-environment. ”
In 2013, the Dai Jianwu endometrial regeneration designed the world's first clinical operation, 10 sterile due to impaired endometrial women of childbearing age, 8 children normal pregnancies per capita achieved a huge breakthrough in regenerative medicine.
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> Dai Jianwu design endometrial regeneration of clinical surgery to make children infertile women with normal pregnancy
From special material to stem cells, the miracle of cutting edge scientific research is taking place in every place, from every area. Chinese scientists will pour all their creativity to another unknown world, in order to explore the science, to change our lives and the future.
>: Tang Kun Qu SN117
Article keywords:Scientist-cell regeneration
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中国科学家取得这三项大突破 将影响你未来生活|科学家|细胞再生_新闻资讯
2016年，在一个个有望改变人们未来生活的领域，中国科学家从未停止追逐的脚步，取得了一次又一次的突破。
今天，就一起来了解改变未来的三大前沿科技，未来，它们很可能影响你的生活！
捕捉神秘马约拉纳费米子
首先来认识一种名叫马约拉纳费米子的粒子，由于状态非常稳定，这种粒子是制造量子计算机的完美选择之一，但是为了捕捉它，科学家们已经潜心追踪了80年。
在上海交通大学的一所实验室里，贾金锋正带领他的团队研究一种神奇的粒子：马约拉纳费米子。温度一点点提高，磁场逐步改变，贾金锋教授要随时追踪马约拉纳费米子的状态。
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尽管很多人在谈论量子计算的超强性能，比如一秒钟就能完成现在超级计算机几年的计算任务，但是迄今没有制造出一台真正意义上的量子计算机，其中一个很重要的原因就是，用于量子计算的粒子状态并不稳定，任何电磁或物理干扰都可以轻易打乱它的工作。而马约拉纳费米子的状态非常稳定，这使它成为制造量子计算机的完美选择之一。六个月前在上海交大的实验室里，贾金锋成功捕捉到了它。
提起当时的情景，贾金锋说：“其实我刚开始听到这个马约拉纳费米子的时候，我觉得这个东西，可能20年也不一定做得出来。”
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利用特殊的材料制备方法，贾金锋研究团队在超导体上生长5个纳米厚度的拓扑绝缘体，制备出拓扑超导体材料，最终在拓扑超导体的界面上发现了马约拉纳费米子。迷踪80年的神秘粒子被成功捕获，也让贾金锋更加坚定了用其制造量子计算机的信心。
说起对未来的打算，贾金锋说：“希望能在几年之内把拓扑量子比特做出来！（此前）全世界还没有，所以我们要是从这一点开始切入的话，我们跟全世界是同一个起跑线，对我们国家来说，这是能够赶上量子计算世界脚步的一个切入点。”
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液态金属站起来 电影场景或成现实
喜欢科幻电影的朋友对液态金属机器人应该不会陌生，然而让液态金属站起来，像科幻电影里一样成为任意改变形态的机器人，是科学家们正在努力的方向。在中科院的研究所里，中国科学家也同样在这一领域里不断探索、不断突破。
中科院理化所研究员、清华大学教授刘静介绍说：“柔性机器应该说是机器人领域里面最具挑战性的，而且应该是终极目标，液态金属近年来为这个柔性机器打开很多视野。”
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刘静课题组研究的是国际最前沿的镓铟合金。金属的熔点较高，通常除了水银，常规环境下的金属多呈固态。而镓铟这两种金属的合金即使在室温下也能保持液态，而且具有很多神奇特性。现在刘静最大的目标就是要让他的液态金属能站起来，“现在咱们液态金属的力量还偏弱，但是怎么让它有10倍甚至20倍更大的（力量）？”
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然而要想研制出像电影中一样的液态金属机器人，刘静却遇到了一个最大的坎，“需要它站立起来，它马上就在这个桌面上可以立起来，需要它趴下去，它就像一滩水一样，迅速匍匐在这个桌面上，这是我们现在一个最基本的难点。”
刘静尝试着往液态金属中添加固体金属，就好像人体的骨骼一样，这样液态金属就有了支撑自身的力量，同时，刘静还希望能用柔性材料将液态金属封装起来，就好像在液态金属外面加一层皮肤。朝着这一目标，刘静团队在2016年实现了液态金属的一系列成果。柔性液态金属可以节律性地振荡跳跃，可以在电场中做各种复杂的运动。
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刘静说， 2017年的目标是希望能够把液态金属组装起来，让它站立起来，“就像类似于科幻电影里面可变形的液态金属机器，这是完全有可能的。”
医疗领域新方向：细胞再生
在不久的将来，生病了，吃药可能就不是唯一选择了，或许还可以通过特殊的材料和治疗手段，让人类的细胞得到再生，修复受损部位、治愈疾病，而在这一医疗前沿领域，中国的科学家也在积极探索治病救人的新方法。
位于北京的中科院遗传发育所，戴建武研究员的独门绝技——组织再生和损伤修复功能生物材料研究技术，已经在临床取得了令人惊喜的成绩。最近，一名今年5月不幸遭遇车祸、颈段损伤、下肢完全不能活动的病人，在进行完“神经胶原支架”干细胞移植手术后，已经逐步恢复其下肢功能，神经信号能够跨越损伤部位进行传导。
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戴建武介绍说，在再生这个领域，大家认为最难再生的或者最不能够再生的组织大概就是中枢神经，在自然界，壁虎的尾巴断了，可以自己生长出来。然而干细胞和生长因子也具有修复损伤的能力，但是由于体积只有纳米级，在丰富血流循环的作用下很难作用于受损部位。因此，修复再生一直是个难点。戴建武瞄准了这个难点下手，制作了固定和连接损伤部位的生物支架，“我是另辟蹊径，它可以确确实实通过我们设计的这个功能，结合干细胞或者结合生长因子，就可以确定这些有效成分在空间的定位，形成微环境。”
2013年，戴建武设计了全球首个子宫内膜再生临床手术，10名因子宫内膜受损而导致不育的育龄妇女，8人均正常怀孕产子，取得了再生医学的巨大突破。
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>△戴建武设计的子宫内膜再生临床手术让不孕妇女正常怀孕产子
从特殊材料到干细胞，前沿科学研究的奇迹正发生在每一个地方、每一个领域。中国科学家们将他们的创造力悉数倾注到一个又一个未知世界里，为了探索科学，也为了改变着我们的生活，以及未来。
>责任编辑：瞿崑 SN117
文章关键词： 科学家 细胞再生
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