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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/6 12:12:50 Long talk with the Ministry of agriculture to promote agrarian reform： not let members of the public to build homes-land system in the countryside – Minister of agriculture
Xinhuanet, Beijing, December 6-6th at the country's new Office at a news conference, when talking about the question of the reform of rural land system, Minister of agriculture Han Changfu said that most basic systems of land system in the countryside, land is the most basic relations in rural areas. Interest in land is the largest piece of farmers interests, problems and a land system, start the whole body. Plenary session of decided in rural land system reform aspects clear has direction, for has full deployment, but we must to full correctly to understands, especially has two points cannot errors read misunderstanding: first, advance land system reform of basic starting point is to increased farmers of property sexual income, not to settlement city construction of with to indicators, not let city residents to rural purchased Homestead cover House, also not encourages business capital to rural to Rodeo, we should grasp, Central primary is considered from the angle of safeguarding farmers ' rights and interests, which is the starting point for our policies.
[China Press] I would like to ask a question of agricultural and rural reform, rural land system is the decision of the third plenary focused on the content, analyze the decision about what is new land reform breakthrough? The new policy? Recently on rural land reform has a variety of reading, may I ask how?
[Korean long Fu] most basic systems of land system in the countryside, land is the most basic relations in rural areas. Interest in land is the largest piece of farmers interests, problems and a land system, start the whole body. On land system reforms at stake. 18, the decision of the third plenary session of the reform of rural land system was a more comprehensive deployment, with many innovations and breakthroughs. Land, land reform, we need to clear the so-called rural land system reform mainly involved many elements, I want to introduce reporters and friends.
[Korean long Fu] is contracted land of farmers. Our fundamental land system, refers to the rural land is a farmers ' group members ' land is collectively owned, and most of the villagers all collective members of the Panel. Land State land ownership and collective ownership of land, the ownership of collective land ownership of 50% above the village.
[Korean long Fu] second, the rural collective land contract to whom? Is contracting to farmers of, not contracting to farmers of a a members, is family contracting, we is family contracting accountability, why sometimes said farmers home has a children school has, Shang has University, in town left to work, no home, he of Tin no received back, because he parents Pro, also has other family members also in village Dang farmers, in farm, so he of Tin is not received back of. Protection of the contracted land of farmers ' rights according to the law, this is the first land rights of farmers. The decision made it very clear that to stabilize the rural land contract relations and remain unchanged for long. Farmer's contract was to maintain stability, be a permanent change. While in the possession, use, circulation, proceeds on the basis of those interests, mortgage, guarantee given to the farmer contracted power, worth noting is that object of mortgage is right to land contractual operation right, not Contracting right. In other words, contracted or engaged in agricultural production on the land transfer and the right to dispose of agricultural products, so it is not Contracting right nor title, but right.
[Korean long Fu] can be said to have three right in rural land contracting, first is the collective ownership, then the contract right of farmers, then there is a franchise, we now transfer, or under certain conditions, mortgage, guarantee, refers to the right.
[Korean long Fu] Allow the rural collective construction land market, more attention. This problem I think now some interpretation not full, cannot misunderstanding errors read, must to grasp good, here has three a qualified word: a is it is collective of operating sexual construction with to, is not collective of all of construction with to, because rural also has public construction with to and Homestead, more not original construction with to zhiwai of other arable land, this is a qualified word. II is in line with the plan. Even acquire the land, to build anything to comply with the plan. Third, use control. General to said, allows market of just rural collective operating sexual construction with to, must in meet planning and uses control of premise Xia, rural collective of operating sexual construction with to only can transfer, and rentals, and shares, is not said all of rural construction with to are can free market, and I understands, even is collective of operating sexual construction with to market, first also also to does right, and does to, cannot no card transfer. Specification for open market operations, not in private giving, so the need for pilots, not just pushing.
[Korean long Fu] protection of farmers ' land usufruct. Reform perfect rural of Homestead system, through pilot carefully sound to advance farmers housing property mortgage, and guarantees, and transfer, exploration increased farmers property sexual income of channel, this is decided under in the told of, we to full understands, must cannot errors thought farmers of homestead on can free sale has, city on can to rural buy a homestead cover House, even cover Villa has, Central of spirit not this meaning.
[Han long assigned] overall Shang told, plenary session of decided in rural land system reform aspects clear has direction, for has full deployment, but we must to full correctly to understands, especially has two points cannot errors read misunderstanding: first, advance land system reform of basic starting point is to increased farmers of property sexual income, not to settlement city construction of with to indicators, not let city residents to rural purchased Homestead cover House, also not encourages business capital to rural to Rodeo, we should grasp, Central primary is considered from the angle of safeguarding farmers ' rights and interests, which is the starting point for our policies.
[Korean long Fu] Secondly, promoting the reform of agrarian systems, told me earlier, it is crucial to far-reaching, both actively and steadily, whether contracting mortgage market, collective management of construction land, still housing property rights transfer, it must first pilot, and the pilot is to be submitted for approval. To adhere to the principle of prudent and conservative plenary, norm was pushed forward. Can't blindly forward just hasn't figured out, so as to ensure healthy rural land system reform to move forward.
新华网北京12月6日电 在6日举行的国新办新闻发布会上，在谈到农村土地制度改革的问题时，农业部部长韩长赋说，土地制度是农村最基本的制度，土地关系是农村最基础的生产关系。土地权益也是农民最大的一块利益，所以土地制度的问题确实牵一发动全身。三中全会的决定在农村土地制度改革方面明确了方向，进行了全面部署，但是我们一定要全面正确地理解，特别是有两点不能误读误解：第一，推进土地制度改革的基本出发点是为了增加农民的财产性收入，不是为了解决城市建设的用地指标，不是让城市居民到农村购买宅基地盖房子，也不是鼓励工商资本到农村去圈地，我们应该把握，中央主要是从维护农民的权益角度来考虑的，这是我们政策的出发点。
[中国新闻社]我想问一个农业农村改革的问题，农村土地制度是三中全会《决定》的重点内容，请分析《决定》有关土地制度改革有哪些新突破？新政策？最近关于农村土改有各种解读，请问应该怎么看待？
[韩长赋]土地制度是农村最基本的制度，土地关系是农村最基础的生产关系。土地权益也是农民最大的一块利益，所以土地制度的问题确实牵一发动全身。在土地制度的改革确实关系重大。十八届三中全会《决定》对农村土地制度改革作出了比较全面的部署，其中有许多的创新和突破。土地制度也好，土地改革也好，我们先要弄清所谓农村土地制度改革主要涉及哪几个方面，我想给记者朋友们介绍点情况。
[韩长赋]一是农户的承包地。我们最基本的土地制度安排，是指农村的土地是农民集体成员的土地，是集体所有，而且多数是村民小组的集体成员共同所有。土地分国有土地所有权、集体土地所有权，集体土地所有权里面50%以上是村民小组的所有权。
[韩长赋]二是农村的集体土地承包给了谁？是承包给农户的，不是承包给农户的某一个成员，是家庭承包，我们是家庭承包责任制，为什么有时候说农民家里有一个孩子上学了，上了大学，在城里留下来工作，没有回家，他的田没有收回来，因为他父母亲，还有其他家庭成员还在村里当农民，在种地，所以他的田是不收回来的。要依法保障农民的承包地权益，这是农民的第一个土地权益。《决定》讲得很清楚，要稳定农村土地承包关系并保持长久不变。农户的承包经营权是要保持稳定，是长久不变的。同时在原来的占有、使用、流转、收益等权益的基础上，再赋予农民对承包经营权的抵押、担保的权能，值得注意的是，承包经营权抵押的客体是土地经营权，不是承包权。也就是说，在承包或者流转土地上从事农业生产，并处置农产品的权利，所以不是承包权，更不是所有权，而是经营权。
[韩长赋]在农村承包土地上可以说有三个权，首先是集体的所有权，然后是农户的承包权，接着还有一个是生产的经营权，我们现在流转的，也可以在一定条件下抵押、担保，指的是经营权。
[韩长赋]关于允许农村集体经营性建设用地入市，大家比较关注。这个问题我觉得现在有些解读不全面，不能误解误读，一定要把握好，这里有三个限定词：一是它是集体的经营性建设用地，并不是集体的所有的建设用地，因为农村还有公益性建设用地和宅基地，更不是原来建设用地之外的其他耕地，这是一个限定词。二是符合规划。即使取得土地使用权，要建设什么也要符合规划。三是用途管制。概括地说，允许入市的只是农村集体经营性建设用地，必须在符合规划和用途管制的前提下，农村集体的经营性建设用地才可以出让、租赁、入股，并不是说所有的农村建设用地都可以自由入市，而且我理解，即便是集体的经营性建设用地入市，首先也还要确权、确地，不能无证转让。还要规范公开的市场操作，不能私下授受，所以需要开展试点，不是一下就推开的。
[韩长赋]保障农户的宅基地用益物权。改革完善农村的宅基地制度，通过试点慎重稳妥地推进农民住房财产权抵押、担保、转让，探索增加农民财产性收入的渠道，这是《决定》中讲的，我们要全面理解，绝不能误以为农民的宅基地就可以自由买卖了，城里人就可以到农村买个宅基地盖房子，甚至盖别墅了，中央的精神不是这个意思。
[韩长赋]总体上讲，三中全会的决定在农村土地制度改革方面明确了方向，进行了全面部署，但是我们一定要全面正确地理解，特别是有两点不能误读误解：第一，推进土地制度改革的基本出发点是为了增加农民的财产性收入，不是为了解决城市建设的用地指标，不是让城市居民到农村购买宅基地盖房子，也不是鼓励工商资本到农村去圈地，我们应该把握，中央主要是从维护农民的权益角度来考虑的，这是我们政策的出发点。
[韩长赋]第二，推进土地制度的改革，前面我讲了，它关系重大，牵一发而动全身，所以既要积极又要稳妥，无论是承包地的抵押、集体经营性建设用地的入市，还是住房财产权的流转，都要先搞试点，而且试点是要报批的。要坚持全会提出的审慎、稳妥的原则，规范有序推进。不能事情还没有弄明白就盲目推进，这样才能保证农村的土地制度改革能够健康地向前推进。
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