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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/9 13:38:47 Parts of civil servant asked in advance， delaying retirement or a point in time
Huanghua, Hebei 62 cadres "retire" again ignite public opinion to a discussion of the retirement system. The China Business Journal reporter was informed that in 2013, this advance asked phenomena occur not just in huanghua, even in suburban Beijing subordinates, also appeared for the cadres at and above the age of 55, earlier advised the left of.
However, with the recent buzz "delaying retirement" a stark contrast. 18 consideration of the third plenary session of the party through a comprehensive reform of the CPC Central Committee on several major issues identified in the decision to develop incremental delays retirement age policy. People Department data shows that by 2012, the cumulative balance 2.2968 trillion yuan of pension insurance funds in China, average annual growth over the past decade and balances 33%. Many experts believe that as China's demographic dividend is gradually disappearing, more severe aging, pension funds or there is a huge gap. Delayed retirement since last year has become the focus of public opinion, some people think that this is in order to fill the pension gap. It is reported that the people Department for "delaying retirement" a discussion, there is no defined implementation "delaying retirement" point in time, throughout these discussions are only at an early stage.
Beijing also is "left in advance"
"Early retirement is designed to yield the jobs of young people. ”
"Many parts of the early retirement, also in Beijing. "One person work for subordinate districts and counties in Beijing, told reporters recently in the area to" encourage "," left early, "document issued in June 2013, of lines of communication with the internal documents, are not publicly released.
"Its content is mainly aimed at civil servants, took the form of a voluntary, over the age of 55 the District Government civil servants, can retire. "These people," said Exchange provided that the advance left on staff salaries and entitlements, increased by one level. ”
"For example, left before the section leader, after early retirement, you can adjust the level cadres, and enjoy the treatment level cadres. "The person added.
This reporter has learned, there are already some qualified staff dealt with a left early, but different from the huanghua, left in advance of the process as a whole to take a voluntary form.
At present, the policy of encouraging early retirement doesn't just happen in Beijing and Hebei, have also emerged in other provinces to encourage return policies.
In July this year, society Office in Anhui Province promulgated the opinions on development of private economy in services, among the many supporting policies, one of the most eye-catching with the civil servants. Under the new deal, allow qualified civil servants, seeking early retirement business.
Reported in Henan, local enterprises and administrative body, earlier retirement age was not asked of you can say are widespread.
It is understood that the last round of early-retirement "boom" appears in the 90 's of the last century.
Placing surplus staff of State-owned enterprises in 1993, the State Council regulations on the Nineth clearly states: "workers within five years of retirement age, my application, enterprise leaders, can quit work recuperating. ”
Around 1998, Government organs and public institutions a large number of persons taking early retirement.
One person involved in such early retirement, told reporters that "early retirement, is intended to yield the jobs of young people. "It is learnt that the huanghua municipal Committee of Pan Haiying had mentioned in his statement the Conference to achieve cadres of ladder, 25 Deputy section leader, Mayor under 30 years, Secretary of under 35 years of age.
Recently, the Hebei huanghua municipal party Committee Standing Committee has designated section leaders asked the age line in advance: (greater than or equal to) 53, Deputy Chief (greater than or equal to) the age of 52. As the huanghua coercive measures taken by the Government, against 62 workers call an early left, but strongly opposed by 3 cadres, the matter was exposed, caused a great stir.
Hebei province has set up a special investigation team to investigate the incident.
At this point, the Department led many people ministries and experts to participate in the discussion of China's pension system top design about a month ago, postponing retirement policy was one of the topics discussed.
"Delaying retirement" no point in time
"The current market pressure was very great, groups of college students need jobs, we need more jobs, postponing retirement policies will not be implemented immediately. ”
In advance left many events occur at the same time, the CPC Central Committee announced on November 15, the CPC Central Committee's decision on deepen reform of major issues set out in the "developing incremental delays retirement age policy."
Delaying retirement seems to be imminent.
However left the event in advance, making the "delaying retirement" policy all riddles. Earlier, a man Department officials told reporters that "current employment pressure is very large, group after group of college students in need of employment, we need more jobs, delaying retirement policy will not be implemented immediately. "2013 is known as the most difficult job.
Reporters received news from the stakeholders, discussions about postponing retirement issues all still in their earliest, no research to specific content, also has yet to implement the policy in time.
Human resources and Social Security Ministry said external Jin Weigang, Director of the Institute of social security not long ago, "incremental delay retirement refers to future policies related to delaying retirement will take a little step slow way, gradually extending the retirement age. If retirement age needed after more than two years, after all the policy only extending the retirement age in the first year and a half years old, be extended for another six months for the second year, and so on. Minimize retirement policy adjustments for the impact of social and related personnel, this comparison is in terms of raising the statutory retirement age in many countries generally accepted practices.
United Kingdom pension insurance are required to pay for 39 years, United Kingdom high retirement ages in Europe now, the retirement age of 67, and by 2020 up to 68 years of age.
In 2010, France to raise the retirement age, have triggered a nationwide strike to protest the Government to raise the retirement age, France delayed retirement due to increases in labour supply and labour force participation rates.
Spain in 2011 the Government reached an agreement with the unions, decided to postpone most of the legal retirement age from 65 to 67 years old, to reduce the fiscal deficit.
One Department released data show that "the 20~59sui employment age group population will peak in per cent by 2020. The coming period, we will still face huge pressure of employment growth. Increased number of college graduates in China this year to 6.99 million people. The next 5 years, keeping the scale of employment of college graduates in about 7 million annually, accounting for about a year in the human resources market, half of the workforce, and this figure will further increase, coupled with the secondary professional school graduates, town failed to further studies of high school graduates and demobilized soldiers, almost 16 million people, China's youth employment pressure. ”
China business news
河北黄骅62名干部“被退休”一事再燃起舆论对退休制度的讨论。《中国经营报》记者得知，在2013年，这种提前离岗的现象并不仅仅在黄骅发生，甚至在北京下属郊县，也出现针对55岁以上干部，劝其提前离岗的情况。
然而，这与近期热议的“延迟退休”一事形成鲜明的对比。党的十八届三中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》明确提出，研究制定渐进式延迟退休年龄政策。人社部数据显示，到2012年，我国养老保险基金的累计结余为22968亿元，且结余额十年来年均增长33%。许多专家认为，随着中国的人口红利正逐步消失，老龄化趋势愈发严重，养老保险基金或存在巨大缺口。自去年开始就成为舆论热点的延迟退休，一些人认为这是为了填补养老金缺口。据悉，目前人社部针对“延迟退休”一事的讨论，并没有确定实施“延迟退休”的时间点，整个讨论还仅仅处于初期阶段。
北京也现“提前离岗”
“提前退休的目的是为年轻人让出工作岗位。”
“提前退休在很多地方都有，在北京也有。”一位在北京下属某区县工作的人士向记者表示，最近在该区“鼓励”“提前离岗”的文件是在2013年6月下发、以内部文件进行上下级传达的，未公开发布。
“其内容主要是针对政府公务员，采取自愿的形式，55岁以上该区政府公务员，可以提前退休。”上述人士透露，“与其兑换的条件是，提前离岗人员可以在工资级别和待遇上，上升一个级别。”
“比如，离岗前是科级干部，提前退休后，可以调整为处级干部，并享受处级干部的待遇。”该人士补充说道。
记者了解到，已经有部分符合条件的人员办理了提前离岗，但是与黄骅不同，整个提前离岗的流程采取自愿的形式。
目前，鼓励提前退休的政策不仅仅发生在北京和河北，其他省份也出现了鼓励内退的政策。
今年7月，安徽省人社厅出台《关于服务民营经济发展的若干意见》，在诸多扶持政策当中，最为抢眼的一条跟公务员相关。新政规定，允许符合条件的公务员，申请提前退休进行创业。
有报道称，在河南当地企事业单位和行政机关，不到退休年龄而提前离岗的情况可以说普遍存在。
据了解，上一轮提前退休的“热潮”出现在上世纪90年代。
国务院1993年《国有企业富余职工安置规定》第九条明确规定：“职工距退休年龄不到五年的，经本人申请，企业领导批准，可以退出工作岗位休养。”
1998年前后，政府机关和事业单位出现了大量提前退休的人员。
一位参与上述提前退休工作的人士向记者表示，“提前退休的目的是为年轻人让出工作岗位。”据悉，黄骅市委书记潘海瀛曾经在会议讲话中提到，要实现干部的阶梯化，要出25岁的副科级干部，30岁以下的乡长，35岁以下的书记。
日前，河北黄骅市委常委会划定了科级干部提前离岗的年龄线：正科(大于等于)53岁，副科(大于等于)52岁。由于黄骅政府采取强制措施，对62名干部要求提前离岗，而遭到3名干部的强烈反对，此事被曝光后，引起轩然大波。
河北省已经成立了专门调查组对此事件进行调查。
而此时，人社部牵头多部委和专家参与的中国养老制度顶层设计的讨论在一个月前进行，其中延迟退休政策是讨论的议题之一。
“延迟退休”无时间点
“目前的就业压力非常大，一批批的大学生需要就业，需要更多的就业岗位，延迟退休政策不会马上实施。”
在众多提前离岗事件发生的同时，中共中央11月15日公布的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》中提出“研究制定渐进式延迟退休年龄政策”。
延迟退休似乎成了板上钉钉的事情。
然而提前离岗事件的发生，使得“延迟退休”政策变得扑朔迷离。早前，一位人社部高层人士向记者表示，“目前的就业压力非常大，一批批的大学生需要就业，需要更多的就业岗位，延迟退休政策不会马上实施。”2013年被称为最难就业季。
记者从相关人士处获得消息称，有关延迟退休问题的讨论一切还处于最早期，没有研究到具体的内容，也还没有实施该政策的时间点。
人力资源和社会保障部社会保障研究所所长金维刚不久前对外表示，“渐进式延迟退休是指将来制定有关延迟退休的政策将采取小步慢走的方式，逐步缓慢地延长退休年龄。假如退休年龄延长一岁需要经过两年时间，那么在政策实施之后的第一年只将退休年龄延长半岁，第二年再延长半岁，以此类推。尽量减小退休政策调整对社会和有关人员所带来的影响，这是许多国家在提高法定退休年龄方面比较通行的做法。
英国要求养老保险要交满39年，英国现在退休年龄在欧洲也比较高，67岁退休，而且到2020年还要提高到68岁。
2010年，法国提高退休年龄，曾经引发全国大罢工，抗议政府提高退休年龄，法国延迟退休的原因是为了增加劳动力供给、提高劳动参与率。
西班牙政府2011年与工会组织达成协议，决定把大多数人的法定退休年龄由65岁推迟至67岁，以削减财政赤字。
人社部对外公布的数据显示，“20~59岁就业年龄组人口将在2020年达到8.31亿峰值。未来一个时期，我国仍将面对巨大的就业增长压力。中国高校毕业生数量今年增加到699万人。未来5年，高校毕业生就业规模保持在年均700万左右，约占每年新进人力资源市场劳动力的一半，且这一比例将进一步提高，再加上中等职业院校毕业生、城镇未能升学的初高中毕业生和退役士兵，总量近1600万人，我国青年就业压力巨大。”
中国经营报
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