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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/12 9:31:13 Urbanization will focus at the county level， County， city， hopefully the floodgates
Conference on urbanization in rapid succession a central economic work Conference
County City to open soon
Prince Lin Xiaozhao about
[The focus of future urbanization at the county level, managed County by province will further promote the reform in the future, district-level development is changed to city, some characteristics of towns will also be to enlarge]
"Urbanization" related topics continue to heat up, highly publicized national town meeting will be held soon. Has been a focus of the media, a new town plan was introduced at the meeting or next year. The first financial daily yesterday was informed that the planning final will be completed after town meeting, is expected to be announced before the NPC.
Urbanization Conference
Our newspaper from several authoritative sources that the national working Conference of urbanization will "pick up" the central economic work Conference, out of the central economic work Conference, will soon convene a National Conference on urbanization. Concern of the national new-type urbanization planning (hereinafter referred to as the plan) a few drafts, final will be completed after town meeting, is expected to be announced before the NPC.
3rd member of the Conference, to take the road of new-type urbanization, introduction of national new-type urbanization planning, realization and perfection of regional development plans and policies, enhance the capacity development in less developed areas. Sound and effective development of new urbanization became one of the most important tasks in the coming year.
National development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of land and more than more than 10 ministries, such as major stakeholders and local officers will attend a national meeting of urbanization. Conference will focus on the planning involved, and to further explore local protection of ecological responsibility, and lifelong holding of the accountability system, and more. With the structural adjustment framework determined new urbanization will place greater emphasis on green and energy-saving.
Person mentioned that the plan will be the framework of the document, basic ideas follow plenary aims referred to. 18, adopted at the third plenary session of the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision (hereinafter the decision) mentioned that the improving institutional mechanisms for the healthy development of urbanization. Stick to the new road to urbanization with Chinese characteristics, promoting people-centred on urbanization, promoting coordinated development of medium and small cities and small towns, industries and urban integration, promote the coordinated advance of urbanization and new countryside construction. Optimizing urban spatial structure and management structure, enhance the overall bearing capacity of the city.
In addition, after the release of the plan, according to its own characteristics using variable programmes around, focusing on the development of urban agglomeration. In addition, the concern of the household registration system reform and urbanization of land reform made significant progress after the meeting.
Another source close to policy-making also revealed to the newspaper, this meeting may not introduce new urbanization plan, planning, introduction to be delayed until next year. He said after a plenary session on urbanization issues already have a lot of, which is the main content of the meeting.
County and city floodgates
The decision says, will improve the city standards, strict examination and approval procedures, on Administrative Division adjustment to the County to be orderly city. Town to absorb large population, strong economic strength, commensurate with population and economies of scale could be granted administrative rights.
The sources said, indicating that the focus of future urbanization at the county level, managed County by province will further promote the reform in the future, district-level development is changed to city, instead of being merged. In addition, some characteristics of towns will also be to enlarge.
It also shows that, since 1997 a basic freeze "city and County" is expected to open again. At present, a county town and County to County to City area in two ways. Starting from the different interests, tend to want County to the city of the County Government, municipal governments tend to a county into districts.
890 of the last century, County, city in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and the coastal developed areas become. In 1997, the State Council had suspended the implementation of the 11 years of a county to city policy. Because in many parts of the blind pursuit of "city and County", causing County-proportion of the rural population is too large, disproportions in the suburbs, and issues such as urban and rural concept of fuzzy, "pseudo-urbanization" at all. After 16 years, only a handful of counties for capacity upgrades. After statistics showed the national brewing "a county to the city" more than 130 counties at least.
Is suitable for the city and County of County reform push, many provinces in the County so far this year again. Henan province recently issued the deepening reform implementation provinces directly lead the counties of Henan province, made with effect from January 1, 2014, gongyi city, Lankao County, Ruzhou 10 counties (cities) full implementation of directly managed by the province of the County System.
November 14, the Jilin provincial government information Office news release, gongzhuling, meihekou two county-level cities in the province, "provincial pipe" by launching the "provinces directly lead the counties" system reform. Local official says, it's going to be all over China managed County by province "," decentralization is the most thorough, most aggressive reform.
Jiangsu Taixing County pilot project "provinces directly lead the counties" has been more than a year, the County's Department of finance told a person, prefecture-level city in less intermediate steps, significant increase in management efficiency.
Control the size of cities
In contrast, the prefecture-level city, and the great development of the city will be subject to certain restrictions. The aforementioned sources, future cities, focused on the examination of the city balance sheet, resource consumption, and so on, as well as advancing the bond market securitization issues such as water heating, infrastructure construction, notably the urban management, rather than building.
The decision also suggested that transparency norms of urban construction investment and financing mechanism will be established, issue bonds and other ways that allow local governments to widen financing channel of urban construction, allows social capital in urban infrastructure investments, including through franchising and operation research building urban infrastructure, housing policy-oriented financial institutions.
Is the key to a new urbanization urbanization. In promoting the human aspects of urbanization, the decision made, promote agriculture transfer of population urbanization, gradually moving eligible agricultural population into urban residents. Population management innovation, accelerate the reform of household registration system, open settled in towns and small cities limits, an orderly release settled in a middle-sized city limits, reasonably determine conditions settled in big cities, strictly control the size of mega-cities population.
This also means that let go of the small city was settled in at the same time, North Guangzhou-Shenzhen and other cities in the future, as well as some second-tier hot cities settled in may further tighten. For example, home prices rose this year ranks the fifth Xiamen, recently published on adjusting the city's purchase of the Xiamen municipal household policy notice (hereinafter referred to as the notice) that, with effect from December 10, land transfer deals made in Xiamen commercial housing projects will no longer be entitled "buying household" policy. In addition, Xiamen, beginning in 2016 to buy commodity houses will not enjoy "home buying household" policy.
However, due to the large urban industrial competitiveness, employment, education, health care and other areas, its demographic appeal was much greater than medium and small cities. This year, the North of guangshen four in first-tier cities as well as core prices in second-tier cities such as Xiamen, Nanjing is still growing rapidly, urban property prices rose some three or four lines is very small, excess property marked. It also means that, as long as none of the resource changes, people go to the big cities of the trend would not change.
Chinese Academy of social sciences researcher at the Institute of urban development and environment said Niu Fengrui, urban growth has its objective of the law, "our towns have to respect the rules of the market economy, just wanted to let it develop. "Niu Fengrui said, is the nature of the concentration of population and industries of the city, so that large cities have higher levels of the allocation of resources, is much more attractive to people in big cities.
State development and Reform Commission and the national development and economy Institute of xiaojincheng in a newspaper interview also believes that road should be a process of marketization of China's urbanization, where industries and employment, people will go where. Industry should be based on a reasonable distribution, such as small towns should have a reasonable amount of industry, so that the population will automatically gather.
(Edit: SN094)December 11, 2013 First financial daily(城镇化重点将在县域一级 县改市有望重新开闸|城镇化|县域|城市_新闻资讯
城镇化会议接踵中央经济工作会议
县改市开闸在即
林小昭 王子约
[ 未来城镇化的重点将在县域一级，未来省管县的改革将进一步推进，县一级的发展途径是改为市，一些特色城镇也将得到扩权 ]
“城镇化”相关话题持续升温，备受瞩目的全国城镇化会议将于近日召开。媒体一直在关注，新型城镇化规划是在会议上出台还是明年出台。《第一财经日报》昨日获悉，规划最终定稿将在城镇化会议后完成，预计于明年两会前公布。
城镇化会议召开在即
本报从多个权威渠道获悉，全国城镇化工作会议将“接棒”中央经济工作会议，开完中央经济工作会议，将马上召开全国城镇化会议。备受关注的《国家新型城镇化规划》(下称《规划》)几易其稿，最终定稿将在城镇化会议后完成，预计于明年两会前公布。
3日召开的中央政治局会议提出，要走新型城镇化道路，出台实施国家新型城镇化规划，落实和完善区域发展规划和政策，增强欠发达地区发展能力。稳健有效地开展新型城镇化建设成为明年最主要的任务之一。
国家发改委、国土部等十余个部委相关人士及地方主要大员将出席全国城镇化工作会议。会议将着重讨论《规划》涉及内容，并进一步探讨地方保护生态的责任制、问责制和终身追究制等内容。随着结构性调整框架的确定，新型城镇化将进一步强调绿色和节能。
知情人士提到，《规划》将是框架性的文件，基本思路沿袭三中全会提及的目标。十八届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》(下称《决定》)提到，完善城镇化健康发展体制机制。坚持走中国特色新型城镇化道路，推进以人为核心的城镇化，推动大中小城市和小城镇协调发展、产业和城镇融合发展，促进城镇化和新农村建设协调推进。优化城市空间结构和管理格局，增强城市综合承载能力。
此外，待《规划》发布后，各地还会根据自身特点制定差异性方案，注重城市群的发展。此外，备受关注的户籍制度改革和土地改革将在城镇化会议后取得重大进展。
另一位接近政策制定的消息人士也向本报透露，此次会议上可能不会出台新型城镇化规划，规划要推延到明年才出台。他说，此前三中全会对城镇化的问题已经有了不少表述，这些表述也是此次会议的主要内容。
县改市将重新开闸
《决定》称，将完善设市标准，严格审批程序，对具备行政区划调整条件的县可有序改市。对吸纳人口多、经济实力强的镇，可赋予同人口和经济规模相适应的管理权。
该消息人士说，这表明未来城镇化的重点将在县域一级，未来省管县的改革将进一步推进，县一级的发展途径是改为市，而不是被合并区。此外，一些特色城镇也将得到扩权。
这也表明，自1997年以来基本冻结的“县改市”将有望重新开闸。目前，一个县的城镇化有撤县设市和撤县设区两种途径。从不同的利益诉求出发，县级政府更希望撤县设市，市级政府更倾向于撤县设区。
上世纪八九十年代，县改市在浙江、江苏、山东等沿海发达地区蔚然成风。1997年，国务院暂停了实施11年多的撤县设市政策。原因是许多地方盲目追求“县改市”，造成县级市市区农村人口比重过大，城郊比例失调，城乡概念模糊等问题，“假性城市化”俯拾皆是。此后16年间，只有极少数县实现身份的升级。此前有数据统计显示全国酝酿“撤县设市”的县至少超过130个。
与县改市相适应的是省管县改革的推进，今年以来不少省份在省管县方面力度频频。河南近期印发了《河南省深化省直管县体制改革实施意见》，提出从2014年1月1日起，对巩义市、兰考县、汝州市等10个县(市)全面实行由省直接管理县的体制。
吉林省政府新闻办11月14日发布消息称，将省内的公主岭、梅河口两个县级市变为“省直管”，正式启动“省直管县”体制改革试点。当地官员形容说，这将是中国各地“省管县”简政放权最为彻底、力度最大的一次改革。
江苏省泰兴县试点“省直管县”已经一年多，该县财政局一位人士对本报称，少了地级市的中间环节，管理效率明显提高。
控制大城市规模
相比之下，地级市以及大城市的发展将受到一定的限制。前述消息人士透露，未来对地级市层面，侧重的是对城市资产负债表、资源损耗等方面的考核，以及推进债券市场证券化，供水供暖、基础设施建设等问题，突出的是城市管理方面，而不是建设方面。
《决定》也提出，将建立透明规范的城市建设投融资机制，允许地方政府通过发债等多种方式拓宽城市建设融资渠道，允许社会资本通过特许经营等方式参与城市基础设施投资和运营，研究建立城市基础设施、住宅政策性金融机构。
新型城镇化的关键在于人的城镇化。在推进人的城镇化方面，《决定》就提出，推进农业转移人口市民化，逐步把符合条件的农业转移人口转为城镇居民。创新人口管理，加快户籍制度改革，全面放开建制镇和小城市落户限制，有序放开中等城市落户限制，合理确定大城市落户条件，严格控制特大城市人口规模。
这也意味着，在放开中小城市落户的同时，未来北上广深等一线城市以及一些二线热点城市的落户有可能进一步收紧。例如今年房价涨幅位居全国第五的厦门，日前就发布《厦门市人民政府关于调整我市购房入户政策的通知》(下称《通知》)指出，从12月10日起，在厦门出让成交取得土地的商品住房项目将不再享有“购房入户”政策。此外，2016年起购买厦门商品住房不再享受“购房入户”政策。
不过，由于大城市具有的产业、就业、教育医疗等方面的优势，其对人口的吸引力仍远远超过中小城市。今年以来，北上广深四个一线城市以及厦门、南京等核心二线城市的房价仍然高速增长，而一些三四线城市房价涨幅很小，楼市过剩明显。这也说明，只要这些资源优势没变化，人们往大城市走的趋势也不会改变。
中国社会科学院城市发展与环境研究所研究员牛凤瑞称，城市发展有其客观的规律，“我们的城镇化要尊重市场经济的规律，不是想让它发展就能发展的。”牛凤瑞说，城市的本质是人口与产业的集聚，因此大城市的资源配置水平更高，大城市对人们的吸引力更大。
国家发改委国土开发与地区经济研究所所长肖金成此前在接受本报采访时也认为，中国城市化道路应该是一个市场化过程，哪里有产业和就业，人们就会转到哪里去。产业应当按照合理的分布，比如小城镇应该有合理的产业，这样人口才会自动地集聚。
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