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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/16 0:31:48 2012 North Guangxi premature death due to air pollution more than 8，000 persons
Authorities wide nets in Beijing December 14, according to voice of the news report in the evening peak, this period of time, because the cold air coming, in fact, Beijing's air quality is still relatively good, but a lot of the media is still today focus on PM2.5 as a theme. Given that a survey showed that residents of PSG in first-tier cities such as respiratory monitoring abnormal rate is on the rise, culprit is air pollution or PM2.5.
The report from the China medical doctor Association and Beijing health safeguard Association study, a survey of 20 cities across the country, 680,000 people after medical exams, the report found, compared to 3 years ago, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system medical exception rate rose significantly. Mainly because of the inhalable particulate matter in the air pollution, 43% of city residents said they had developed palpitations, fatigue, dizziness, difficulty breathing and other unusual symptoms of the cardiovascular system.
China Meteorological Administration, emergency and disaster mitigation and public services Secretary Chen Zhenlin had previously said in 2013 in the average number of days of haze to 4.7 days, representing perennial 2.4 days is closer to three times larger, already up to 52 ppm; an increasing trend in North China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and South China. Most areas of East annual haze days for 25-100 days and some places over 100 days.
2012 North Guangxi premature death due to air pollution more than 8,000 persons
Haze continued to increase on the one hand, on the other hand are residents increased respiratory rate of checked exceptions. No matter who, is easy to draw an equal sign between those two. But Pan Xiaochuan Professor, Peking University School of public health hosted a study pointed out that under the existing air quality in 2012, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xian number of premature deaths caused by air pollution reaches 8,572 people, a loss of more than 6 billion yuan.
Pan Xiaochuan: forms the basis of our 2010 pollution data to project in four cities, simply the number of deaths caused by PM2.5, in here, we are sulphur dioxide, PM10, meteorological factors are controlled, get is simply caused by the increase in PM2.5 excess deaths caused by acute effects, in reality the PM2.5 will have some chronic effects.
Coincidentally, the Chinese Academy of engineering Dr Zhong Nanshan said, PM2.5 has formed a direct link between pollution and respiratory diseases.
Dr Zhong Nanshan: haze on the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular has an impact on the nervous system, but brunt's respiratory system. There used to be a statistic, an increase in PM2.5 of 10 μg, respiratory disease hospitalization rates increased 3.1%. If increased from 25 mg to 200 mg, daily (respiratory disease) should increase by CFR 11%. It should be said that air pollution is a very important reason.
For day-to-day first come into contact with the patient's physician, they are also very intuitive feel, when air quality is poor, hospital out patients increases. Peking Union Medical College Hospital doctor Xu wenbing, Director of internal medicine, especially patients who came to Beijing from overseas, a lot of people reacted directly, and cough.
Xu wenbing: do not have a cough in Beijing, in fact, a lot of people have this feeling, to Beijing, throat not suited, because the contaminants can be formed to mucosal stimulation, it will form a chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract, inducing coughing and wheezing.
Respiratory medicine physicians: recent asthma-prone or haze-related
Respiratory medicine physician is Miss Queenie Lau, and let the air force general hospital care, as well as increase in asthma patients. In her view, recent unusual increase in patients with respiratory effects may have been influenced by other factors such as the cold air, but this season should not be prone to asthma.
Is Miss Queenie Lau: the symptoms of asthma cases are also on the rise, arguably not in this season of onset of asthma, asthma is generally in the spring and fall, outpatient found lately I was increasing incidence of asthmatic patient this time, estimate or haze weather has certainly related.
Dr Zhong Nanshan: a special outdoor workers should be given special protection
Currently has as much response to potential heavy pollution weather has drawn up contingency plans, for ordinary people, if caught in the haze weather, you can also wear a mask, minimize outdoor activities, but for some special for people working outdoors, haze and pollution is that they cannot avoid the problem. In this regard, China Academy of engineering Dr Zhong Nanshan was proposed, should be targeted at these populations by giving them special protection.
Dr Zhong Nanshan: did we have a statistic, traffic police and allergic rhinitis to reach 40%, pharyngitis reached 23%, one-third more than half than ordinary people. Especially now in China's big cities, pollution is a very serious problem, such as in Beijing, even when under severe conditions, personnel working outdoors, is unlikely to change quickly under outdoor environment conditions using a certain protective measures, I think it is necessary.
(Original title: North Canton abnormal respiratory rate caused by PM2.5 increased by more than 8,000 people die young)
央广网北京12月14日消息 据中国之声《新闻晚高峰》报道，这段时间以来，因为冷空气的来临，其实北京的空气质量还比较好，但是不少媒体还是把PM2.5作为了今天关注的主题。原因是一项调查显示，北上广等一线城市居民呼吸系统监察的异常率正在上升，元凶就是空气污染和PM2.5。
这份报告来自中国医师协会和北京市健康保障协会的研究，在调查了全国20个城市、68万人的体检结果后，报告发现，相比3年前，北京、上海、广州呼吸系统和心血管系统体检异常率上升明显。主要是由于空气中可吸入颗粒物污染导致，43%的城市居民表示曾出现心悸、疲劳、晕眩、呼吸困难等心血管系统异常症状。
中国气象局应急减灾与公共服务司司长陈振林此前曾表示，2013年全国平均雾霾日数为4.7天，较常年同期2.4天超出近一倍，已经达到52年以来的极值；华北、长江中下游和华南地区呈增加趋势。中东部大部地区年雾霾日数为25天-100天，局部地区超100天。
2012年北上广西安因空气污染早死人数逾8000人
一方面是雾霾的持续加重，另一方面是居民呼吸系统检查异常率上升。无论是谁，都很容易在这两者之间画上一个等号。但北京大学公共卫生学院教授潘小川此前主持的一项研究指出，在现有的空气质量下，2012年，北京、上海、广州、西安因空气污染导致的早死人数达到8572人，经济损失超过60亿元。
潘小川：我们是根据2010年四个城市的污染数据来推算，纯粹的由于PM2.5导致的死亡人数，在这里面，我们把PM10、二氧化硫、气象因素的影响都控制住了，得到的是单纯由于PM2.5的增加造成的急性影响导致的超额死亡，实际上PM2.5还会有一些慢性的影响。
无独有偶，中国工程院院士钟南山此前也表示，PM2.5污染和呼吸道疾病之间已经形成了直接联系。
钟南山：灰霾对心血管，对脑血管对神经系统都有影响，但首当其冲还是呼吸系统。曾经有个统计，这PM2.5每增加10微克，呼吸系统的疾病的住院率要增加3.1%。要是从25微克增加到200微克，日均的(呼吸道疾病)病死率要增加11%。应该说空气污染是一个非常重要的原因。
而对于日常要最早接触到病人的医生来说，他们也很直观的感受到，空气质量不好时，医院呼吸门诊的病人就会增加。北京协和医院呼吸内科主任医生许文兵感觉，尤其是一些从外地来到北京的病人，很多人直接的反应就是，咳嗽。
许文兵：不是有个北京咳吗，实际上很多人都有这个感觉，一到北京，咽部就不适应，因为这个污染物质可以形成对粘膜的刺激，就会形成呼吸道的慢性炎症，诱发咳嗽和喘息。
呼吸科医师：近期哮喘多发或跟雾霾有关
而让空军总医院呼吸内科主任医师刘一比较在意的，还有哮喘病患的增加。在她看来，近期呼吸道病人异常增加还可能是受到冷空气等一些其他因素的影响，但这个季节本来不应该是哮喘多发的时间。
刘一：哮喘的症状的病例也在增加，按理说哮喘不是这个发病季节，一般哮喘是春天和秋天，最近我出门诊发现哮喘病人这段时间发病的都在增加，估计还是跟雾霾天气有一定关系。
钟南山：特殊户外工作人群应予以特殊保障
目前多地已经针对可能发生重污染天气时制定了应急预案，对于普通市民来讲，如果遭遇到雾霾天气，还可以戴口罩，减少户外活动，但是针对一些特殊的户外工作人群，雾霾和污染则是他们无法避开的难题。对此，中国工程院院士钟南山就建议，应该针对这类人群，给予特殊的保障。
钟南山：以前我们做过一个统计，交警鼻炎将达到40%，咽炎达到23%，比普通人多1/3到一半以上。特别是现在在中国的大城市，污染问题是一个非常严重的问题，比如在北京，即便已经到了重度的情况下，在户外工作的人员，在不可能很快地改变室外环境的情况下采用一定防护措施，我认为是必要的。
(原标题：PM2.5致北上广呼吸系统异常率上升 早死人数逾8000人)
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