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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/16 0:47:36 Waste treatment fees of non-residents in Beijing rose 11 times， garbage can be fined 100，000
The Beijing News (Xinhua Jiang Yanxin) from January 1 next year, Beijing will significantly raise nonresident fees for waste disposal and sewage charges. Increase the waste treatment fees from 25 Yuan per ton to 300 yuan/ton; four pollutant emission rate increased by less than 1 Yuan/kg to 10 Yuan/kg and 12 Yuan/kg.
This is mainly solid waste price correction for non-residents, mainly organs, enterprises and institutions and corporate bodies; after an investigation, the city's 320,000 non-resident units. And those of ordinary inhabitants from the impact of the changes, whether living in an ordinary residential or commercial/residential buildings, are not affected by the fee adjustment.
Municipal development and Reform Commission, said the waste treatment fees and charges adjustment due to non-residents does not involve residents, does not require a price hearing. This adjustment is based on the "polluter, who is responsible for; emissions more, pay more" principle, establishing differentiation and stair-charging mechanism.
"Non-residents for garbage collection"
The current situation
Garbage disposal fee up 275 Yuan
Current waste disposal fees far lower handling costs; residents refuse charges not adjusted
In 2012, the Beijing municipal solid waste production was 6.4831 million tons, including non-residential house refuse, accounting for about one-third. Annual output of about 720,000 tons of food residue. Construction waste production is highest about 33 million tons.
Han Li, Deputy Director of the municipal Sports Committee introduced, Beijing now waste charge is performed by 1999 standards, non-resident domestic garbage costs 25 Yuan/ton, the kitchen waste followed, building waste costs 16 Yuan/ton.
Han Li introduction, after calculation, current municipal solid waste collection, transport, handling the entire process cost about 400-500 Yuan/ton, kitchen waste the whole process cost about 243 Yuan/ton, construction waste disposal costs 37 Yuan/ton. Existing fees, far less than the actual cost.
This policy provides, from next year January 1 up, non-residents life garbage processing fee (containing collection, and transport, and processing) adjustment for 300 yuan/tons; meals kitchen garbage processing fee (containing collection, and transport, and processing) adjustment for 100 Yuan/tons; building garbage pickup fee adjustment for transport distance 6 km within 6 Yuan/tons, 6 km yiwai 1 Yuan/tons, building garbage processing fee adjustment for 30 yuan a tons.
Domestic waste and kitchen garbage treatment fees may be charged by weight measurement, or in accordance with the volumetric charge. Han Li, metering and volumetric weight conversion factor, urban city to be announced. At the same time, residents ' garbage fees not adjusted.
The responsibility
Garbage up to 100,000
Han Li said that in order to avoid a rate increase, illegal removal unit into the sanitation market, collection, transportation and dumping the waste at low prices, urban City Commission will be in conjunction with the urban management, industry and commerce, transportation and other departments and forms part of the local Government to establish integrated management and enforcement mechanisms, increased illegal garbage collection, transportation, processing units, integrated monitoring and enforcement.
According to Beijing city life garbage management regulations under provides, life garbage classification management responsibility people will life garbage referred to the without license or record of enterprise and personal for disposal of, fine 5,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan; transport units mixed loaded mixed games, and free dumping, and dropped, and left sub each other life garbage of, fine 5,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan, plot serious of can revocation license; construction of construction, and demolition engineering of bear units violation provides processing building garbage of fine 10,000 yuan to 100,000 yuan.
In addition, Han Li said that after the implementation of new pricing policies, reinforce producer responsibility to pay, guiding production waste from trash classification, reduction at source. According to reports, survey, adjusted for charges, about 60% of the social unit that will waste contribute to decrease the number of 10% or more.
"Sewage charges"
Sewage ladder imposed charges
Governance cost extra fees currently 9 per cent, adjusted up to 10 Yuan/kg and 12 Yuan/kg
Beijing environmental protection Bureau Deputy Director Feng Huisheng, said collection of the sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen, four types of pollutants are the main pollutants affecting air and water environment in Beijing as well as national review the binding nature of pollution reduction targets, including sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the main components of PM2.5. In 2012, total emissions of the four pollutants at 478,000 tonnes.
Feng Huisheng introduce sewage charging standards has been carried out 10 years, less than 1 Yuan per kilogram. Sewage charging standards are far lower than the current cost of governance, governance costs were about 9-17 times current charges. Rates are too low, resulting in distorted price leverage, have an adverse effect on pollution reduction, corporate initiative to govern emission reduction initiative is not high, contributing to urban environmental pollution control more difficult.
In addition, according to the Beijing municipal water pollution control Ordinance, Enterprise exceeded sewage fines, in accordance with the sewage charges should be 2 to 5 times times, due to the current low rates too low, resulting in fines, some companies are willing to risk the risk of being fined and there to steal lines, rather than invest in pollution treatment facilities. As a result, lead to "Enterprise pollution the Government's books."
In accordance with the regulations, from January 1 next year, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand unity scaled to 10 yuan per kg, adjusted to 12 Yuan per kg of ammonia nitrogen.
Also implement stepped differentiated charging policy: actual emission values are below the stipulated emission standard of pollutants 50%, the levying of sewage charges based on fees in half; actual emission values in a specified discharge standard of pollutants between 50% per cent, according to charges in calculating and collecting sewage charges; when the actual emission values exceeding a specified discharge standard of pollutants, sewage charges in fees doubled terms.
Construction
Price adjustment will increase the cost of business?
Companies from the source of pollution
The adjustment range is large, waste disposal charges, raised from 25 Yuan to 300 yuan, which leads to increased cost more?
On the municipal development and Reform Commission said the price impact on the operating costs of enterprises, businesses waste quantities and closely related to pollution emissions, effects vary. There are 320,000 units in Beijing, its quantity of municipal solid waste is not the same, less waste, less pollution and impact would not be significant.
For corporations that waste production, sewage, it will have some effect, but this could drive business from the source of pollution abatement, through technological innovation, to reduce polluting emissions.
To do this, from the overall perspective, social impacts of this charge adjustment is far greater than the actual impact of the production and operation of enterprises. Will help foster consensus that "the polluter pays, how emissions pay" consensus in favour of forming of society work together to promote environmental improvement.
Price adjustment after the money, how does it work?
Fees earmarked pollution treatment
Municipal development and Reform Commission said the money is earmarked to increase after adjustment. Sewage charges levied, for example, will be turned over to the State Treasury in full, included in the budget, as well as a special fund for environmental protection management, introduction of earmarking.
Municipal environmental protection Bureau, said, the next step, Beijing also will amend and improve the sewage charges for the use of funds approach, explicitly charging expenditure mainly focused on pollution prevention projects. To improve the funding application and approval of sewage charges, allocated, the use of procedures and regulations, and improving the efficiency of sewage charges.
For waste disposal fee, municipal City Committee said non-residential house refuse and kitchen waste disposal fee special accounts set up by the County Government, is responsible for all non-residents living in the area under unified collection of waste and kitchen waste treatment fees and settlement. Districts to announce the establishment of a special account account number. Financial and municipal departments should be based on city districts the district conditions develop, use, and distribution of funds for the special account management system, and strengthen the supervision and inspection of private accounts the use of funds.
(Original title: non-residential garbage disposal costs rose 11 times times)
新京报讯 (记者蒋彦鑫)从明年1月1日起，北京将大幅上调非居民垃圾处理费和排污费标准。其中垃圾处理费由25元/吨提高到300元/吨；四种污染物排放收费由不到1元/公斤提高到10元/公斤和12元/公斤。
此次主要是对非居民的生活垃圾价格进行调整，针对的主要是机关、企事业单位和法人团体；经过调查，全市有32万个非居民单位。而普通居民不受这个价格调整的影响，不管是住在普通住宅或者是商住楼房，都不受此次收费调整影响。
市发改委表示，此次非居民垃圾处理费和排污费调整由于不涉及居民，不需要召开价格听证会。此次调整，是按照“谁污染、谁负责；多排放、多负担”的原则，建立差别化和阶梯式的收费机制。
【非居民垃圾费】
现状
生活垃圾处理费上涨275元
目前垃圾处理费远低处理成本；居民垃圾收费暂不调整
2012年，北京生活垃圾产量为648.31万吨，其中非居民生活垃圾约占三分之一。餐厨垃圾年产量约72万吨。建筑垃圾年产量最高，约3300万吨。
市政市容委副主任韩利介绍，目前北京垃圾处理收费执行的是1999年的标准，非居民生活垃圾费为25元／吨，餐厨垃圾照此执行，建筑垃圾费为16元／吨。
韩利介绍，经过测算，目前生活垃圾收集、运输、处理全过程成本约400－500元／吨左右，餐厨垃圾全过程成本约243元／吨，建筑垃圾处理成本37元／吨。现有的收费标准，远远低于实际处理成本。
此次政策规定，从明年1月1日起，非居民生活垃圾处理费(含收集、运输、处理)调整为300元/吨；餐厨垃圾处理费(含收集、运输、处理)调整为100元/吨；建筑垃圾清运费调整为运输距离6公里以内6元/吨，6公里以外1元/吨，建筑垃圾处理费调整为30元一吨。
生活垃圾和餐厨垃圾处理费用，可按照重量计量收取，也可以按照容积计量收取。韩利表示，重量计量和容积计量换算系数，市政市容委即将公布。同时，居民垃圾收费暂不调整。
追责
乱倒垃圾最高罚10万
韩利表示，为避免收费标准提高后，非法清运单位进入环卫市场，低价收运并乱倒乱卸垃圾，市政市容委将会同城管、工商、交通等部门和属地区县政府建立综合管理和执法机制，加大对非法从事垃圾收集、运输、处理单位的综合监管和执法力度。
按照《北京市生活垃圾管理条例》规定，生活垃圾分类管理责任人将生活垃圾交由未经许可或者备案的企业和个人进行处置的，罚款5000元至5万元；运输单位混装混运、随意倾倒、丢弃、遗撒对方生活垃圾的，罚款5000元至5万元，情节严重的可吊销许可证；建筑工程的建设单位、拆除工程的承担单位违反规定处理建筑垃圾的罚款1万元至10万元。
此外，韩利表示，新价格政策实施后，可以强化产生者付费责任，引导产废单位从源头对垃圾进行分类、减量。据介绍，调查显示，收费标准调整后，约60%的社会单位表示将会垃圾分类，促进垃圾减量10%以上。
【排污费】
排污实行阶梯收费
治理成本超目前收费标准9到17倍，调整后提高到10元/公斤和12元/公斤
北京市环保局副局长冯惠生表示，此次征收的二氧化硫、氮氧化物、化学需氧量和氨氮四类污染物是影响北京空气和水环境的主要污染物，也是国家考核污染减排的约束性指标，其中二氧化硫和氮氧化物又是PM2.5的主要组成部分。2012年这四种污染物总排放量为47.8万吨。
冯惠生介绍，排污收费标准至今已经执行了10年，基本每公斤不到1元。排污收费标准已经远低于目前的治理成本，治理成本是现行收费标准的9-17倍左右。收费标准过低，导致价格杠杆扭曲，对污染减排产生不利影响，企业主动治理减排积极性不高，加剧了城市环境污染治理难度。
此外，根据《北京市水污染防治条例》，企业超标排污的罚款金额，是按照应交排污费的2到5倍计算，由于现行收费标准过低造成罚款金额也低，一些企业甘愿冒着被抓被罚的风险也要偷排，而不投资建设污染治理设施。如此一来，导致“企业排污政府埋单”。
按照此次规定，明年1月1日起，二氧化硫、氮氧化物、化学需氧量统一调整为每公斤10元，氨氮调整为每公斤12元。
同时实施阶梯式差别化的排污收费政策：污染物实际排放值低于规定排放标准50%时，按收费标准减半计收排污费；污染物实际排放值在规定排放标准50%—100%之间，按收费标准计收排污费；污染物实际排放值超过规定排放标准时，按收费标准加倍计收排污费。
释疑
调价会否增加企业成本？
促使企业从源头治污
此次调价幅度较大，就垃圾处理费而言，由25元提高到300元，这是否会导致企业成本增加较多？
对此市发改委表示，调价对企业运行成本的影响，跟企业垃圾产生数量和污染排放数量有密切关系，影响不尽相同。北京有32万个单位，其生活垃圾的产生数量是不一样的，对于垃圾产生少、污染排放少的，影响不会很大。
对垃圾产量大、排污多的企业，则会产生一定影响，但这可以促进企业从源头治污减排，通过技术改造，减少污染排放。
为此，从整体看，此次收费标准调整带来的社会影响将远大于对企业生产经营产生的实际影响。将有利于在全社会形成共识，即“谁污染谁付费、多排放多付费”，有利于形成全社会共同推进环境改善的共识。
调价后收的钱怎么用？
各种费用将专款专用治污
市发改委表示，调价后增收的钱都是专款专用。比如征收的排污费，将全额上缴国库，列入财政预算，并作为环境保护专项资金管理，实行专款专用。
市环保局表示，下一步，北京还将修订、完善排污费资金使用办法，明确排污收费的支出范围主要用于重点污染源防治项目。要完善排污费资金的申请、审批、下拨、使用程序和规定，提高排污费的使用效率。
对于垃圾处理费，市政市容委表示，非居民生活垃圾和餐厨垃圾处理费专用账户由各区县政府统一设立，负责辖区内所有非居民生活垃圾和餐厨垃圾处理费用的统一收缴和结算。各区县要公布所设立的专用账户账号等情况。各区县财政和市政市容部门应根据本区县实际情况制定专用账户资金分配、使用和管理制度，并加强对专用账户资金使用情况的监督检查。
(原标题：非居民垃圾处理费上涨11倍)
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