Go homepage(回首页) Upload pictures (上传图片) Write articles (发文字帖)
The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/17 15:40:48 Lunar exploration project will go into phase III， Moon around 2017， fifth emission
The core reading
On December 16, a labourer hired by the month Cheng Change and analysis of the State Council information office held a press conference to introduce the third task of the situation and national defense science and Industry Council spokesman said Ng Chee-kin, to become immortal, the third to achieve our space "seven innovation" task success indicates that China's lunar exploration program "winding, and left back to the" second strategic objectives are fully realized.
He said lunar exploration program will be transferred to phase III, the main objective is to achieve unmanned automatic sampling returned to become immortal, the development will be completed around 2017, fifth and snagged and fired.
Chang the third, new technology, new products
Ng Chee-kin, said that December 15 Chang the third conducted two separate and mutually Imaging detectors, successfully sent back pictures of the five-star red flag marks the Chang-third mission a complete success. Task done the whole process "launch on time, accurate to the Rails, safety and reliable separation and successful visit."
According to reports, the lunar exploration program in 2004, approved by the State Council, in February 2006, China's manned space flight and lunar exploration project classified as a State major science and technology projects, divided into ", down, back around three-period".
Ng Chee-kin, said that Chang-third mission declined in power, the two players separation, teleoperation, lunar surface survival between months, tracking telemetry command and communication aspects, broke a number of major key technologies, achieving a number of proprietary technology, realizing China's aerospace "seven".
These innovations include: celestial body outside the spacecraft for the first time in a soft landing; celestial visits outside the spacecraft for the first time in the survey; the teleoperation of lunar probe for the first time; development of large deep-space station for the first time, initially built for deep space monitoring and communication networks; the Moon for the first time carry out various forms of scientific exploration.
Against Chang, third detector and difficulty of innovation, Deputy designer of the lunar phase II, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, science and Technology Committee Deputy Director Yu Dengyun thought can be summed up as "four-new" and "dilemma".
Among them, the "four new" refers to the new platform, new products, new technology, new environment, probe itself 80%, new technology, new products to become immortal, the third moon landing, is China's spacecraft have never gone.
"Dilemma" refers to tackle problems in key technologies, such as the Lunar soft landing, two separate, monthly remote control; ground verification, to ensure that after the Moon and the Moon quite safe, it must be fully validated as possible on the ground, such as hover, obstacle avoidance, slow down test, "we all made ground", said Yu Dengyun.
Ng Chee-kin, said Chang the third Lander designed to last 1 year, visited the design life of 3 months. At present, Chang, third has started the lander in position detection and automatic inspection survey for the inspection, scientific missions will commence.
Chang e, fifth development went well
Ng Chee-kin, said Chang after successful third mission, lunar exploration program will be transferred to phase III, the main goal is to achieve the automatic sample return. From the perspective of understanding of the current situation, the implementation of this task, development is going smoothly, Chang e fifth, development is scheduled to be completed around 2017 and snagged and fired.
Ng Chee-kin, said Chang Lunar youchange He Change fifth three main tasks, to carry it out. Three issues of the task more difficult, included Lunar flight technology, lunar samples of packaging technology, lunar orbit rendezvous and docking technology and returned to Earth for high speed reentry return technology on a number of key technologies.
He explained that the engineers and technicians were considering backup to Chang e, third star--Chang ' e fourth adaptation, engineering and science-objective optimization, enabling it to Chang ' e fifth task for verification of key technologies.
"The completion of tasks in three phases does not mean the end of China's lunar exploration program, should be the beginning of the Lunar New. "Said Ng Chee-kin, but subsequent lunar exploration program planning in the course of study.
Imperative to achieve all-weather deep space monitoring and control
On Chinese deep space monitoring and control capacities, lunar phase ⅱ measurement and control system for Deputy General Designer, Chief Engineer of the Beijing Aerospace command and Control Center said Zhou Jianliang, finish Chang in China during the first and second lunar probe measurement and control tasks, the control extends to 400,000 km. Since then, expanding experiments on Chang, second, including Chang second departing from lunar orbit to daridilagelangri two point and controlled Chang leap second successfully tutadisi asteroids. At present, Chang, second detector distance is more than 64 million kilometers from Earth, asteroids flying around the Sun, but it is still in deep space station under control.
Zhou Jianliang said that although China has built two deep space station in Marrakech, jiamusi and, take advantage of our homeland in depth, measurement and control of deep space detector trace but can't do it from a cover, there will also be 8-10 hours a day tracking blind spots. He said, "to make up for the measurement and control dead zone, do round-the-clock tracking coverage to achieve around-the-clock control of deep space exploration of the future track, is imperative. ”
Lunar exploration program will bring high-tech development
A reporter suggested that the view was expressed that lunar exploration program has spent a lot of money, don't have much practical use. In this regard, Ng Chee-kin, said the Chinese lunar exploration program is to follow a consistent aim of China's peaceful use of space, was carried out space activities of the availability of physical and technical conditions as well as the economic condition of choice. It is from a scientific point of view to understand the purpose of the Moon, and the development of China's aerospace technology, promote the development of high-tech.
He said lunar exploration program will bring about broad development of the high-tech, such as large-thrust carrier rocket technology, deep space exploration and communication technology, new energy technologies, and so on, "these technologies for the social development of our country, the progress of science and technology will play an important role."
Lunar phase II first Deputy Chief Designer Sun Hui said in an interview with a reporter to become immortal, the third probe, is not far away from our life. Only a case of power technology, developed six homes in the scientific research unit of China Aerospace Science and technology group mastered the engine thermal control technology, has spawned more than more than 10 combustion technologies used in coal chemical industry, oil refineries, chemical plants, natural gas power plants, can significantly reduce emissions into the atmosphere of harmful substances, the protection of our environment.
(Original title: the Moon around 2017, fifth emission)
核心阅读
12月16日，国务院新闻办公室举行发布会介绍探月工程嫦娥三号任务有关情况，国防科工局新闻发言人吴志坚表示，嫦娥三号实现了我国航天领域的“七大创新”，任务的圆满成功标志着我国探月工程“绕、落、回”第二步战略目标的全面实现。
他说，探月工程将转入三期，主要目标是实现无人自动采样返回，嫦娥五号将于2017年前后完成研制并择机发射。
嫦娥三号80%是新技术、新产品
吴志坚介绍说，12月15日嫦娥三号探测器进行了两器分离和互拍成像，成功传回五星红旗的图片，标志着嫦娥三号任务的圆满成功。任务整个过程做到了“准时发射、精确入轨、安全着陆、可靠分离、成功巡视”。
据介绍，探月工程2004年经国务院批准立项，2006年2月，我国将载人航天和探月工程列为国家重大科技专项，分为“绕、落、回”三期。
吴志坚说，嫦娥三号任务在动力下降、两器分离、月地间遥操作、月面生存、测控通信等方面，突破了一批重大关键技术，取得了一批具有自主知识产权的科技成果，实现了我国航天领域的“七大创新”。
这些创新包括：首次实现我国航天器在地外天体软着陆；首次实现我国航天器在地外天体巡视勘察；首次实现对月面探测器的遥操作；首次研制我国大型深空站，初步建成深空测控通信网；首次在月面开展多种形式的科学探测等。
针对嫦娥三号探测器的创新和难点，探月工程二期副总设计师、中国航天科技集团公司科技委副主任于登云认为可以概括为“四新”和“两难”。
其中，“四新”指技术新、产品新、平台新、环境新，探测器本身80%是新技术、新产品，嫦娥三号着陆的月球，是中国的航天器从来没有去过的。
“两难”指关键技术攻关难，如月面软着陆、两器分离、月面遥控操作等；地面验证难，要保证落月及落月后万无一失，就必须在地面尽可能做充分验证，比如悬停、避障、缓速下降试验，“我们都做了地面模拟”，于登云说。
吴志坚表示，嫦娥三号着陆器设计寿命1年，巡视器设计寿命3个月。目前，嫦娥三号已经开始着陆器的就位探测和巡视器的自动巡视勘察，科学探测任务陆续展开。
嫦娥五号研制进展顺利
吴志坚表示，嫦娥三号任务成功后，探月工程将转入三期，主要目标是实现无人自动采样返回。从目前了解的情况看，执行这一任务的嫦娥五号研制进展顺利，预计于2017年前后完成研制并择机发射。
吴志坚说，嫦娥探月工程三期的主任务由嫦娥五号和嫦娥六号来执行。三期的任务难度更大，将突破包括月面的起飞技术、月面的采样封装技术、月球轨道的交会对接技术以及返回地球的高速再入返回技术等多项关键技术。
他介绍，工程技术人员正在考虑对嫦娥三号的备份星——嫦娥四号进行适应性改造，进行工程和科学目标优化，使它能够为嫦娥五号的任务验证部分关键技术。
“三期任务的完成并不意味着中国探月工程的结束，应该是探月工程新的起点。”吴志坚说，但后续探月工程怎么规划还在研究过程中。
实现全天候深空测控势在必行
关于我国的深空测控能力，探月工程二期测控系统副总设计师、北京航天飞行控制中心总工程师周建亮介绍说，我国完成对嫦娥一号、二号绕月探测期间的测控任务时，就将测控能力延伸到40万公里。此后又对嫦娥二号进行了拓展试验，包括控制嫦娥二号由月球轨道出发到达日地拉格朗日二点和控制嫦娥二号成功飞跃图塔蒂斯小行星。当前，嫦娥二号探测器距地球的距离已经超过了6400万公里，成为围绕太阳飞行的小行星，但它仍然处在深空站的监控下。
周建亮说，虽然目前我国已经建成佳木斯和喀什两个深空站，充分利用了我国国土的东西纵深，但对深空探测器的测控跟踪不能做到全天候覆盖，每天也会有8—10个小时跟踪的盲区。他说：“为弥补测控盲区，做到全天候的跟踪覆盖，实现未来深空探测的全天候测控跟踪，势在必行。”
探月工程将带来高新技术的发展
有记者提出，有人认为，探月工程花了很多钱，没有太多实际用处。对此，吴志坚表示，我国实施探月工程是遵循我国和平利用太空的一贯宗旨，是在具备了开展航天活动基本的物质条件、技术条件以及经济许可的条件下所做出的选择。它的目的是要从科学的角度去了解月球，同时发展我国的航天技术，带动相关的高新技术的发展。
他表示，探月工程将带来高新技术多方面的发展，比如大推力的运载火箭技术、深空探测和通信技术、新能源技术等等，“这些技术对于我们国家社会发展、科技进步都会发挥重要的作用”。
探月工程二期副总设计师孙辉先接受记者采访时表示，嫦娥三号探测器离我们的生活并不遥远。仅以其动力技术为例，研制单位中国航天科技集团六院在科研中掌握了发动机热能控制技术，催生了十余项燃烧技术，用于煤化工、炼油厂、天然气化工厂、火力发电厂等，可大量减少有害物质向大气排放，保护我们的生存环境。
(原标题：嫦娥五号2017年前后发射)
赞