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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/18 9:43:26 Academy of social sciences， Beijing taxi difficult problems have eased but are still failing
The Beijing News (reporters Xu Luyang) after investigations last year in a cab, this year by the social sciences documentation publishing house and the China Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Marxist economics and society Research Office jointly issued "blue book on public service" renewed interest "in a cab", blue book finds that after Beijing taxi price adjustment, effective mitigation of the problem in a cab, but difficult to remain in a cab.
Beijing taxi up 13
Research Group of 38 major cities across the country since starting in 2011, organizing 2 major basic public service satisfaction survey, this year, based on past experience, the team granted 25,000 questionnaires, recovery and effective questionnaire 19,843.
According to the survey, there are recent 70% respondents are waiting for more than 10 minutes, a taxi is still prevalent. In 38 major cities surveyed in China, Beijing taxi ranks increased by 13, from 28th last year, rising to 15th this year.
Blue book finds that effective mitigation of the Beijing taxi issues, working closely with the Beijing taxi prices are adjusted in early June this year. Since June 10 of this year, Beijing taxi price adjustments standard, within 3 km 13, base rate per kilometre 2.3 Yuan, fuel surcharges for every shipment of 1 million.
However, Beijing taxi's score was still "fail", only 59.74 minutes, remains a reality in a cab.
Public housing satisfaction
Judging from the overall score, 38 cities in satisfaction of basic public services are still at a low level, which ranked first in Lhasa, 68.94 points; Beijing with 60.27 points in 13th place. 9 elements of basic public services, the Beijing Municipal culture, sports, health and social security of employment is relatively high, in excess of 60 minutes, which scored the highest marks on sports and culture. Satisfaction of basic education scored lowest, with only 57.86 points.
Nationwide, 9 elements of basic public services, satisfaction is low public housing, 53.61 points lower than the last year this year was up 5.55 points.
Blue book said that in 38 cities surveyed, 32 satisfaction of public housing on the decline, which was the steepest drop in Dalian.
Satisfaction dropped significantly, mainly due to come from commercial housing prices continued to rise, and low-income housing construction scale cannot meet public demand. In both fruitful in Changchun, with 64.09 earned the highest score of 38 urban public housing satisfaction of the first.
The current situation
High rate of empty taxis in Beijing
Blue book analysis, although Beijing taxi ownership per capita is about 33 per million, more than "per million should not be less than 20 taxis in big cities," national standards, but Beijing taxi rate of idle running around 40%, it speaks volumes, taxi and relative numbers of asymmetric information supply are important reasons for the difficulty in a cab.
Taxi driver earnings are relatively high, and selective outages led to taxi, triggering fundamental reasons for the difficulty in a cab.
To this end, the Blue Book recommends, first of all, depending on the market and the Government both hands to effectively increase in taxi drivers ' income, improve car enthusiasm, learn from the experiences of Hong Kong, to divide the city into congested areas and non-congested areas, and runs in the congested area of taxi price is 2-3 times the congestion area, to increase taxi-clogged times revenue.
Secondly, further to promote and popularize software and, finally, also through optimal strategy of public transport priority, shunting part of taxi customers to transit systems, and drawing on practices in Europe, allowing voluntary pro bono to carpool, to reduce the demand for taxis.
(Original title: Chinese Academy of social sciences, "taxi report cards" ranking in Beijing rose 13)
新京报讯 （记者许路阳）继去年调查打车状况后，今年由社科文献出版社和中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院经济与社会建设研究室联合发布的“公共服务蓝皮书”再度关注“打车难”，蓝皮书认为，北京出租车调价后，打车难问题得到有效缓解，但打车难仍是事实。
北京打车排名上升13名
课题组自2011年起便在全国38个主要城市，组织了2次大规模的基本公共服务满意度问卷调查，今年，根据以往经验，课题组发放2.5万份问卷，回收有效问卷19843份。
据调查结果显示，全国有近70%被访者等候时间超过10分钟，打车难现象仍然普遍存在。在38个全国主要受访城市中，北京在打车方面的排名上升13名，由去年的第28名，升至今年的第15名。
蓝皮书认为，北京的打车难问题得到有效缓解，与北京今年6月初调整出租车价格紧密相关。自今年6月10日起，北京调整出租车价格标准，3公里以内13元，基本单价每公里2.3元，燃油附加费为每运次1元。
不过，北京在打车方面的得分仍“不及格”，仅为59.74分，打车难仍是现实。
公共住房满意度最低
从总体得分来看，38个城市基本公共服务满意度依然处在较低水平，其中，拉萨排名第一，为68.94分；北京则以60.27分排在第13位。在9大基本公共服务要素中，北京市的文化体育、医疗卫生和社保就业相对较高，都超过60分，其中文化体育得分最高。而基础教育满意度得分最低，仅有57.86分。
全国来看，9大基本公共服务要素中，满意度得分最低的是公共住房，今年的53.61分比去年还降低了5.55分。
蓝皮书指出，38个受访城市中，有32个的公共住房满意度在下降，其中，下降最厉害的是大连。
满意度大幅下降，主要原因出自商品房价格持续上涨，而保障性住房建设规模却不能满足公众需求。而在这两个方面卓有成效的长春，则以64.09的得分位列38个城市公共住房满意度之首。
■ 现状
北京出租车多但空驶率高
蓝皮书分析，虽然北京人均出租车保有量约为33辆／万人，超过“大城市每万人不宜少于20辆出租车”的国家标准，但北京出租车空驶率又在40%左右，这充分说明，信息不对称和出租车相对数量供给不足是打车难的重要原因。
而出租车司机收益相对不高，又是导致出租车选择性停运，引发打车难的根本原因。
为此，蓝皮书建议，首先，依靠市场和政府两只手，切实增加出租车司机收入，提高出车积极性，学习香港经验，将城市划分为拥堵区域和非拥堵区域，并规定在拥堵区域运行的出租车价格是非拥堵区域的2-3倍，以此提高出租车拥堵时段收入。
其次，进一步推广和普及招车软件，最后，还要通过优化公交优先战略，分流部分出租车客源到公交系统，并可借鉴欧美国家做法，允许市民自愿无偿拼车出行，以减少对出租车的需求。
（原标题：社科院发“打车成绩单” 北京排名升13名）
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