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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/18 9:43:34 Academy of social sciences， reported that rental pressure grows significantly
CNS, Beijing, December 18 (reporter Bai Hu)-released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of financial strategies, 18th the housing green paper pointed out that 2010 has been sustained and rapid rise in housing rents, rental pressure to grow significantly, rising in the cities ' population proportion of actual presence should be established migrants social inclusion mechanism, enhance migrant housing affordability.
Rent continued rapid increases in rental pressure grows significantly
Green pointed out that before 2010, rent long-term slow growth, increasing price-to-rent, rent becomes a more economical option. Beginning in June 2012, with the rapid rise of consumer price index, CPI higher rent increases continuing rise. To September 2013, the rental index had achieved 45 months in a row.
Rent the absolute level, big-city rents overall than in smaller cities, overall than eastern city of Midwest City, first-tier cities overall, higher than two or three tier, southern cities generally are higher than in northern cities.
So the rental burden grows significantly paying a higher share of household disposable income levels. Among them, the first-tier cities rental burden indicators (rental income) has a high, overall rental burden is greatest.
Think of the Green Paper, rental burden increases, is the result of revenue growth and housing shortages. Thus rental burden of cities, generally have two characteristics, that is, higher income levels and lower per capita housing area. Rental burden City does not mean higher standards of living, most of this is the relatively low level of economic development, food and other rigid spending accounted for a higher proportion of income results. A small number of housing supply is high, the per capita housing area is large on the ground results.
City of actual weight or Super more than 30% the housing situation of immigrants is not optimistic
Green believes that adoptees population proportion of the urban population of the city may actually be more than 30%, many cities even more than the local registered population of immigrants. Which are the subject of urban floating population of migrant workers, East Coast cities is a major inflow of immigrants.
Pointed out in the Green Paper, the basic situation of housing of immigrants in most cities is not optimistic. Compared to the indigenous inhabitants of the city, migrants because of household registration, employment, income, education and family structure and flow, and many other reasons, housing over access, there are great difficulties.
Think of the Green Paper, the cities ' population lived mainly has the following characteristics, a small living area, two residential facilities and hygiene level and there is a wide gap between city dwellers and three are in semi-urban and urban suburbs and slums, rely on social networks to gather, four housing mobility, lack of adequate protection.
Analysis in the Green Paper points out that, because of the imbalance between supply and demand of housing, urban and housing rents rise and other reasons, rely on market rental residence of foreign residence rights are not effectively protect the population, often face a landlord's breach of contract, price increases, or even being kicked out of the situation, frequently moved and settled immigrants to live in a big problem.
Building long-term effective mechanism for social inclusion of immigrants reinforced migrant housing affordability
Pointed out in the Green Paper, longevity and complexity due to housing, and urbanization in the basic position, urban housing of immigrants must be based on social integration in the long term. To achieve lasting social integration, you must adhere to the benchmark fair, step, basic principles of integration, its participation.
Based on this, green skin book made, a to boot population reasonable mobile, tame prices, introduced basic public service equal of; II to support foreign population widely participation social activities, reduced social exclusion, and ease opposing mood; three to take ladder sexual into way, has conditions of area lead achieved local of regional in urban and rural areas integration, first to city for units settlement full area population of social welfare equal of and population mobile no obstacles, again promotion to provinces.
Proposed in the Green Paper, in view of the cities ' population most inadequate capacity to pay, low incomes, housing demand and housing related to the financial system and the lack of means, you need to use a variety of means to enhance the cities ' population housing affordability.
Specific,, a is increase housing subsidies level, reduced city foreign population wage in the for housing expenditure of ratio; two is housing Provident Fund system to foreign population open, allows has fixed income of foreign population participate in city housing Provident Fund, to enterprise help foreign population pay of Provident Fund paragraph implemented tax arrived buckle; three is Government set up policy type financial institutions, specifically service Yu city foreign population of housing financing demand; four is integration land resources for city public rental of construction, Foreign population flows into the larger areas in addition to land use indicators, allowing it to increase land for affordable housing targets. Access to Government and housing industry means lowering the price of subsidised housing, while reducing demands on migrant population live in public housing. (End text)
(Original title: reported significantly increase rental pressure to build long-term effective mechanism for social inclusion of immigrants)
中新网北京12月18日电 (白琥)中国社会科学院财经战略研究院18日发布的《住房绿皮书》指出，2010年以来，住房租金持续较快上涨，租房压力显著增大，在城市外来人口实际比重不断攀升的当下，应建立外来人口社会融入长效机制，增强外来人口住房支付能力。
租金持续快速上涨 租房压力显著增大
绿皮书指出，2010年以前，租金长期缓慢增长，房价租金比越来越大，租房成为一项较经济的选择。2012年6月开始，随着居民消费价格租金指数的快速上扬，租金涨幅持续高出CPI的涨幅。至2013年9月，租金指数已经实现连续45个月上涨。
从租金绝对水平看，大城市租金总体要高于中小城市，东部城市总体要高于中西部城市，一线城市总体要高于二、三线城市，南方城市总体要高于北方城市。
由此可见，租房负担显著增大，租金占家庭可支配收入的比重达到较高水平。其中，一线城市租房负担指数(租金收入比)大都很高，总体租房负担最大。
绿皮书认为，租房负担增大，是收入增长和住房供给紧缺的共同结果。因而租房负担重的城市，一般都具有两个特征，即收入水平较高，同时人均住房面积较低。当然租房负担轻的城市并不意味着生活水平较高，这大多是经济发展水平较低、食品等刚性支出占收入比重较高的结果。少部分可能是住房供给量高、当地人均住房面积较大的结果。
城市外来人口实际比重或超三成 多数住房情况不容乐观
绿皮书认为，城市外来人口占城市人口比重实际上可能超过三成，很多城市外来人口甚至超过本地户籍人口。其中，农民工是城市外来人口的主体，东部沿海地区城市是外来人口的主要流入地。
绿皮书指出，多数城市外来人口住房的基本情况不容乐观。相比城市原居民，外来人口由于户籍、就业、收入水平、教育程度以及家庭结构和流动方式等多方面的原因，住房获取上存在较大困难。
绿皮书认为，城市外来人口居住主要有如下特点，一是居住面积小，二是居住设施和卫生水平也与城市居民有较大差距，三是多住在在城乡结合部、城市郊区和城中村，多依托社会网络形成聚集，四是住房流动性强，缺乏足够的保障。
绿皮书分析指出，由于住房供求关系不平衡、城中村改造以及住房租金不断上升等原因，依靠市场租房居住的外来人口居住权利得不到有效保障，经常面临房东违约、提价，甚至被扫地出门的情况，频繁搬家乃至居无定所成为外来人口居住的一大难题。
吁建外来人口社会融入长效机制 增强外来人口住房支付能力
绿皮书指出，由于住房问题的长期性和复杂性，及其在人口城市化中的基础地位，解决城市外来人口住房问题必须立足于长远的社会融合。要实现长久的社会融合，必须坚持基准公平、阶梯融合、多维参与的基本原则。
基于此，绿皮书提出，一要引导人口合理流动，平抑房价，推行基本公共服务均等化；二要支持外来人口广泛参与社会性活动，减少社会排斥、缓和对立情绪；三要采取阶梯性融入方式，有条件的地区率先实现当地的区域城乡一体化，先以市为单位解决全辖区人口的社会福利均等化和人口流动无障碍，再推广到省区。
绿皮书提出，鉴于城市外来人口多数收入较低、住房需求支付能力不足、与住房相关的金融制度和手段的缺失，需要运用多种手段增强城市外来人口的住房支付能力。
具体而言，一是提高住房补贴水平，降低城市外来人口工资中用于住房开支的比例；二是住房公积金制度向外来人口敞开，允许有固定收入的外来人口参加城市住房公积金，对企业协助外来人口缴纳的公积金款实行税收抵扣；三是政府设立政策型金融机构，专门服务于城市外来人口的住房融资需求；四是整合土地资源进行城市公租房的建设，在外来人口流入较大地区应该在土地利用指标之外，允许其增加保障性住房用地指标。利用政府供地和住宅产业化手段降低保障性住房价格，同时降低对外来人口入住公租房的要求。(完)
（原标题：报告称租房压力显增 吁建外来人口社会融入长效机制）
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