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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/18 9:56:03 Mausoleum of suspected arms exposed， or possessing thousands of Shi Jiashi helmets
CCTV sanqin
Qin Shi Huang mausoleum in the world is considered to be one of the largest and most exotic Imperial mausoleum structure. Yesterday, reporters learned from the qinshihuang mausoleum Museum and, more recently, numbered K9801, an area of more than 13,000 square feet of buried pits ongoing trial mining. All the indications are that, beyond the grave pit is likely the Qin Shi Huang mausoleum a large "arms".
Making a stone takes a year
K9801 funerary pit located between the Emperor qinshihuang's mausoleum inside and outside the South-East of the city, about 200 meters from Phong tho now, flat is a rectangle, main part of 130 meters long, 100 meters wide North-South, the North and South sides of each end of a slope road. Together with four slope road, the total surface area of more than 13,000 square meters, was discovered by Emperor qinshihuang's mausoleum within the city wall so far largest funerary pit. Fold unearthed in the excavation of a large number of intensive pressure, with flat copper wire connect Shi Zhou and stone armor, stone armor is about 87 show, Shi Zhou about 43.
Expert analysis, Shi Jiazhou production should combine the processing technology of stone opens the piece and making a film of thick slab; delicate polished formed tablets; drilled and polished series. Experimentally processed an average of 600 pieces of clothing by hand, each working 8 hours a day, it takes hours 344-444 days, that is, to create a suit, takes a year's time. Funerary pit armor and armor use a film with more than 5 million tablets, whose labor is immense, scale of the Qin Shi Huang mausoleum is also evident.
In the great pit, it is estimated that there are thousands of pieces of stone armor, helmet, and second cable pit ever unearthed of the horse, bronze, bronze chariot and horses members Bowl, arrows and other relics of military equipment, so experts believe that, beyond the grave pits should be exactly called it the Qin terracotta warriors and horses of the underground Palace arms.
Qin control battle design is very advanced
Armor unearthed from the buried pits, mainly from the front and back plate, the former a glittering frontispiece, after nursing back, also got a shoulder wear shoulder armor. According to archaeologists on, skirt not only use small plates, and gaps between the nail and the nail tips are much larger than the body armor. The special design of this unique, making the skirt a banged up more flexible, making March Warrior wearing armour warfare unfettered.
Rocky top to the bottom of the side length of about 30 cm, covered shoulders, neck and shoulders plays a better protection, the entire helmet look more perfect. Design of suit and helmet, fully indicates that China's Qin Army Battle design is very advanced, focuses not only on the appearance of the United States, pay more attention to the needs of combat.
Archaeologists judged according to helmet unearthed in neat stacks: Qin management is very strict, teams not only neat and clear, and material placed highly centralized and unified, in order.
Viewed from the unearthed cultural relics, texture of the terracotta warriors and horses and armor texture is completely different, apparently armor of stone processing, firing craft is much more elegant than the terracotta warriors and horses of the soil, and much more precise. Archeologists conjectured that the Qin has a strict distinction of rank and treatment at that time.
Officer wearing fish horses too good for stone loricae
Armour of ancient China during the Shang, Zhou, Chunqiu and zhanguo period focused on leather raw materials.
According to reports, the armor plates unearthed from the off with a blue stone cutting and grinding, and nail tips based on designs in different parts of the human body into different shapes, rectangles, squares, isosceles trapezoid, round, coated tile, curved, pointed tail, each nail has a square or round holes and flat copper wire weld. Nail tips are not overlay has a ridge on the edge of decorated plates, not overlay corner angle, make a film overlay each other more fit. These armor form is exquisite, production process is superb, but not real equipment, but "death as life" concept for Qin Shi Huang tomb burial objects, symbolizing the underground "arms".
Stone armour while grinding process is similar, but morphologically varied. Emperor qinshihuang mausoleum Museum Zhang Weixing, Deputy Director of the Department of archaeology describes, "that look like fish scales, we see that it is that it is very elegant, except for edge grinding and polishing the surface of, and also has a lot of punch, round hole, square hole. "The experts, scales that until recently was considered to appear in the Han dynasty, by a senior officer, found in the K9801 scale, with high research value.
In addition to armour, helmets, archaeology staff also found around her horses on the vest, as well as horses and cars equipped with bronze parts. These indications are that of K9801 buried features are similar to a large "arms".
Source: Strait news
央视三秦
秦始皇帝陵在世界上被认为是规模最大、结构最奇特的帝王陵墓之一。昨日记者从秦始皇帝陵博物院获悉，最近，编号为K9801、面积13000多平方的陪葬坑正在进行试挖掘。而种种迹象都表明，这个陪葬坑很有可能是秦始皇帝陵一座大型的“军备库”。
制作一件石甲 需花费一年时间
K9801陪葬坑位于秦始皇帝陵园东南部的内外城之间，距离现在的封土约200米，平面为长方形，主体部分东西长130米，南北宽100米，南北两边的东西端各有一条斜坡门道。连同四条斜坡门道，该坑总面积达13000多平方米，是迄今为止秦始皇帝陵园城垣以内发现的面积最大的陪葬坑。在试掘方中出土有大量密集叠压的、用扁铜丝连缀的石质铠甲和石胄，其中石质铠甲约87领，石胄约43顶。
专家分析，石甲胄的制作应该结合了当时的玉器加工工艺：石料的开片及制作甲片的粗坯；细致打磨基本形成的片体；钻孔与抛光；编缀成形。通过实验，手工加工一件平均有600片的甲衣，以每人每天正常工作8小时计算，需要工时344—444天，也就是说，制作一件甲衣，需要一年的时间。而陪葬坑内的铠甲和甲胄用到的甲片总数超过500万片，其所费劳动量是巨大的，秦始皇帝陵的规模也由此可见一斑。
在这个庞大的坑内，估计有上千件石质铠甲、头盔，还有二号坑曾经出土过的马缰索、青铜车马器构件、青铜锛、箭头及其他军用装备文物，所以，有关专家认为，这个陪葬坑，应确切地称它为秦兵马俑地下宫城的军备库。
秦军管理严谨 战服设计十分先进
陪葬坑出土的铠甲，主要由前后两片构成，前甲护胸，后甲护背，有的还配有护肩膀的披膊甲。据考古工作者介绍，裙甲不仅多采用小甲片，而且甲片与甲片之间的间隙也比身甲要大得多。这一别具匠心的特殊设计，使裙甲上下翻动更加灵活，从而使勇士身着铠甲行军作战不受拘束。
石质头盔顶部到侧片下端长度约为30厘米，直披肩膀，对颈部和肩部起到了较好的保护作用，使整个头盔显得更加完美。甲衣和头盔的设计，充分说明秦时我国的军队战服设计已十分先进，不仅注重了外观的美，更注重了实战的需要。
考古专家根据出土盔甲整齐叠压的状况判断：秦军的管理十分严谨，不仅队伍排列整齐分明，而且物资摆放也高度集中统一，井然有序。
从出土的文物看，兵马俑的质地与铠甲的质地完全不同，显然铠甲的石料加工工艺，比兵马俑的泥土烧制工艺要考究得多，精细得多。考古工作者由此推断，当时秦军有着严明的等级和待遇区分。
军官穿鱼鳞甲 连战马也配石铠甲
我国古代甲胄在殷商、西周、春秋战国时期主要以皮革为原材料。
据介绍，此次出土的甲胄的甲片全部用青石切削打磨而成，甲片根据人体的不同部位设计成不同的形状，有长方形、方形、等腰梯形、圆形、覆瓦形、弧形、尖尾形等，每片甲片都有方形或圆形的小孔，并用扁铜丝连缀在一起。甲片未被叠压的边上有一道抹棱修饰甲片，未被叠压的角有抹角，使甲片的叠压更加互相贴合。这些甲胄形态精美，制作工艺高超，但并不是实战装备，而是根据“事死如事生”的观念，为秦始皇陪葬用的明器，象征地下“军备库”。
这些石铠甲虽然打磨工艺类似，但形态上却各不相同。秦始皇帝陵博物院考古部副主任张卫星介绍，“像鱼鳞甲，我们看到它打磨得非常精致，除了边缘的打磨和表面的抛光以外，还有很多穿孔，有圆孔，有方孔。”专家介绍，鱼鳞甲此前一直被认为出现在汉代，由级别较高的军官穿着，此次在K9801中发现鱼鳞甲，具有很高的研究价值。
而除了铠甲、头盔，考古工作人员还发现了披在战马身上的马甲以及和车马配备的青铜零部件等。这些迹象都表明K9801陪葬坑的功能类似于一个大型的“军备库”。
来源：海峡都市报
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