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published in(发表于) 2013/12/18 10:12:03
With Mars exploration capabilities in China， Chang e， fifth at the Wenchang launch

On December 17, sponsored by the Chinese Association for science and technology "Moon dream, Chinese dream" face to face with the media on the activities of scientists, Wu Weiren, Chief Designer of moon exploration engineering, Chang-third Vice President of the carrier rocket system designer Liu Jianzhong, Deputy Chief Designer Zhang 熇 detector system and ground application system, Deputy designer Su Yan has responded to tasks and General follow up on China's lunar exploration program Mars exploration concerns.

　　-"The moon lady" 's success has made it clear that the ability to explore Mars

According to Lunar said Wu Weiren, Chief Designer, "the moon lady" after a successful Yi、erhao, we have the ability to explore Mars. Turn in a circle round the Sun is Mars for more than 700 days, which is two years, during which time Mars and the Earth to rendezvous, encounter Earth nearest launch window is ideal. We are developing the long fifth carrier rocket, nearly 1100 tons maximum thrust, to send a Mars Rover is easy, Windows has a wide, no problem.

Wu Weiren said, want to explore Mars, when detection, depending on national financial and national policy-making.

　　-Long fifth preparation goes well, Wenchang launch site is under construction

Wu Weiren said, before and after the Moon around 2017, fifth snagged and fired, with the task of sampling returned. One of the major problems in four areas: lunar orbit rendezvous and docking, lunar surface sample, lunar surface takeoff and high-speed returns.

Surface sampling difficult. Soviet Union made several successful three times that year, a total of more than 300 grams of Lunar soil back. Chang-fifth plan sample 2 kg to 2 m access to intact Lunar soil must also be packaged for take it back. In addition, the lander, and return from the Moon, fifth, to lunar orbit rendezvous and docking, it is slightly more complicated. Moreover, after sampling the lunar surface takeoff and high-speed back also need to overcome the difficulties.

In response to "Why choose at the Wenchang launch Chang fifth" question, Liu Jianzhong said that Chang will be launched by a long March launch vehicle, fifth, fifth, currently rocket development is progressing well. Hainan Wenchang launch sites are under construction, and is progressing well. Select Chang launched from Wenchang, fifth, first, because the long fifth rocket sizes larger, inland Tower is difficult to solve transport problems. The Wenchang launch, rocket transport by sea to Hainan. II is due east from Wenchang launch site launch, ocean east of Hainan. Rocket launch falls area you want to select in the sparsely populated places, places like this in our country now less and less.

　-Compared with foreign countries, China's lunar probe input low

Inputs on the Moon, said Wu Weiren, "compared with inputs from abroad that year, China's lunar probe input isn't so much". It is learnt that the world-wide 60 's to 70 's of the last century has carried out 118 times lunar exploration. 64 of the Soviet Union, United States 54 times, when the success rate is basically 40%. Us, India, China and Japan, after the KMT has more than 10 times. Chang of China, first, second, and third three times in a row success, success rate is very high. United States Apollo project for more than 10 years, invested more than 25 billion US dollars, actually might be more than. United States money that comes in lunar exploration program that year about 2% per cent of GDP. Our money now spent annually per cent of GDP. In contrast, we have invested money, not a lot.

On the role of aerospace technology to the national economy, said Wu Weiren, United States Apollo project about 1:15 input-output ratio. Control of China's moon exploration technology, simulation technology, computer technology, new materials, with the passage of time, will benefit the people.

(Integrated reporter Jiang Jianke and Xinhua, Yu Xiaojie, Zuo Wenfeng reports)

　　12月17日，在中国科协主办的“探月梦中国梦”科学家与媒体面对面活动上，探月工程总设计师吴伟仁、嫦娥三号运载火箭系统副总设计师刘建忠、探测器系统副总设计师张熇和地面应用系统副总设计师苏彦回应了大众对我国探月工程后续任务和火星探测的关注。

　　□“嫦娥”的成功已表明探测火星的能力

　　据探月工程总设计师吴伟仁说，“嫦娥”一、二号成功后，我们就有探测火星的能力了。火星绕太阳转一圈是700多天，也就是两年时间，这期间火星与地球要交会一次，交会时它离地球最近，发射窗口最理想。我们正在研制的长征五号运载火箭，最大推力将近1100吨，要发送火星探测器很轻松，窗口已经很宽了，没有问题。

　　吴伟仁接着说，要不要探测火星，什么时候探测，取决于国家财力和国家的决策。

　　□长征五号研制顺利，文昌发射场正在建设

　　吴伟仁说，嫦娥五号大约2017年前后择机发射，任务是采样返回。其中的困难主要有四个方面：月球轨道的交会对接、月面采样、月面起飞和高速返回。

　　月面采样有难度。苏联当年做了好几次只成功了三次，共取回300多克月壤。嫦娥五号计划采样2公斤，要钻进去2米获取原原本本的月壤，还必须封装好拿回来。此外，嫦娥五号有着陆器、返回器，要在月球轨道交会对接，难度比较大。再者，采样结束后月面起飞和高速返回也是需要攻克的难关。

　　在回答记者关于“为什么选择在文昌发射嫦娥五号”的提问时，刘建忠表示，嫦娥五号将由长征五号运载火箭发射，目前火箭研制进展顺利。海南文昌发射场正在建设当中，进展顺利。选择从文昌发射嫦娥五号，一是因为长征五号火箭尺寸比较大，用内陆发射塔很难解决运输问题。在文昌发射，火箭运输可通过海运到海南。二是因为从文昌发射场向东发射，海南往东是大洋。火箭发射，落场区要选择在人口稀疏的地方，现在我国这样的地方越来越少了。

　　□与外国相比，中国的探月投入不算多

　　关于探月的投入，吴伟仁说，“与国外当年的投入相比，中国探月的投入并不算多”。据悉，全世界上世纪60年代至70年代共开展了118次月球探测。苏联64次，美国54次，当时成功率基本是40%。之后美、印、中、日等国共搞了10多次。中国嫦娥一号、二号、三号连续三次成功，成功率很高。美国阿波罗工程搞了10多年，投入了250亿美元，实际可能还不止。美国当年投入探月工程的钱约占GDP的2%至2.5%。我们现在每年投入的钱约占GDP的万分之几。相比之下，我们投入的钱不是很多。

　　关于航天技术对国民经济的作用，吴伟仁说，美国阿波罗工程投入产出比约1∶15。中国探月的控制技术、仿真技术、计算机技术、新材料等，随着时间的推移，一定会造福百姓。

　　(综合本报记者蒋建科及新华社记者余晓洁、左文峰报道)

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