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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/22 18:49:29 Academia Sinica applied for retirement the age of 80 schools declined： you’re the school flag
On December 19, academicians elect settled, fellow, 104 new list is announced. 18 proposed reforms, academician of the third plenary session of the party selection and management system, introduce Fellows retirement and exit system. Existing academician system what are the issues? Honorary title of academician how reform in order to make a real return?
Truly passive recommended
Academician is the highest academic honor in China's science, technology and engineering technology, academicians elected every two years, fellow, is directly related to academic and social reputation.
Due to the excessive pursuit of fellow of the society, fellow award, appears more "operational" situations. CAs academician Xu Zhihong, Director of the Division of science ethics construction Committee had clearly stated that candidates should always be in a passive state. But in fact, in our country, the ministries, place, society, fellow of the units may recommend candidates, which will inevitably bring about administrative intervention. And we are the candidates themselves to provide the material, cannot be done entirely passive.
Bai chunli, CAs's President, said that CAs will further optimize the recommended channels, strengthen the presenter's responsibility to achieve a real passive candidates recommended.
Breaking fellow "life tenure"
The Academician system reform, end up academicians "tenure" and advancing academician's exit and retirement become a hotly debated topic.
Fellow of the regulation provide for a withdrawal mechanism of both houses, such as fellow of the Chinese Academy of Sciences when fellow, contrary to standards of personal conduct, not less than 5 fellow of the written proposals, when you seek the revocation of their title of academician, by their division after the Standing Committee to receive and consider, voting through the faculty fellow of the whole, to quash the decision of the title of fellow of the. But such cases are rare.
Fellow, what exit? How to quit? This is after 18 tone for the third plenary session of the party, real ice not open around the Academician system reform problem.
At present, academician focused mainly on 70-89 years of age, in the eyes of many people in this age has been scientific research to create peak, academician team younger with each passing day. Qin Boyi, academician of Chinese Academy of engineering opened trend of thought, their applications in 2005 and allowed to retire. 80 year old academician Shen Guofang appraised applied for retirement. Only schools with "you were our school banner" declined on the grounds.
Is the core interest of
In China, if elected academician, the unit and the local governments will offer a variety of perks and power, such as increasing the allowance, to participate in major decisions, priority publishing works, its political status and work up quickly to mobilize social resources and opportunities are increasing.
Member units, with a fellow almost means a cornucopia. This year, Wuhan, provides, one Member will be rewarded millions of dollars, and attracted a lot of controversy. In contrast, many Member of Academia Sinica, life has only a point of honor, privileged treatment, may be a permanent parking space for free units.
"The interest lies at the heart of the Academician system reforms in China, canceled a series of corresponding to the title of academician of power and interests, fellow of the regression of an academic title and academic honors. "Xiong bingqi, Deputy Director of 21st century Education Research Institute said.
"I hope that fellow, gave too much prominence to the title. "This year, said Shi Yigong, newly elected an academician, Tsinghua University Professor," on no occasion in the future, I hope you keep calling me a Professor, rather than academicians. When we participate in research projects, I hope priority under the same conditions to give opportunities to young people. ”
(, Xinhua News Agency, Beijing December 19)
12月19日，2013年两院院士增选尘埃落定，104位新院士名单公布。党的十八届三中全会提出改革院士遴选和管理体制，实行院士退休和退出制度。现行的院士制度存在哪些问题？怎样改革才能让院士真正回归荣誉称号？
真正实现被动推荐
院士是我国科学技术和工程科技的最高学术荣誉称号，每两年一次的两院院士增选，直接关系到院士群体的学术和社会声誉。
由于社会上对院士的过度追捧，在院士评选中，越来越多出现“运作”的情况。中科院学部科学道德建设委员会主任许智宏院士就曾明确表示，候选人应始终处于被动状态。但是事实上，在我国，部委、地方、学会、单位等都可以推荐院士候选人，这就难免带来行政干预。而且我国是被推荐人自己提供材料，不可能完全做到被动。
中科院院长白春礼表示，中科院将进一步优化推荐渠道，强化推荐者的责任，真正实现候选人的被动推荐。
打破院士“终身制”
在院士制度改革中，终结院士“终身制”，推进院士的退出和退休成为各方热议的话题。
两院章程都规定了院士退出机制，比如中科院规定当院士的个人行为违背院士标准，有不少于5名院士书面提议，要求撤销其院士称号时，由其所在学部常务委员会受理并审议后，通过本学部全体院士投票表决，可做出撤销其院士称号的决定。但实际上这样的案例极少。
什么样的院士该退出？如何退出？这是党的十八届三中全会定调后，院士制度改革真正破冰绕不开的问题。
目前，我国的院士年龄主要集中于70至89岁，在很多人眼里这个年龄段大多数人已过了科研创造高峰，所以院士队伍年轻化也是与时俱进。中国工程院秦伯益院士开风气之先，自己申请，并于2005年获准退休。今年80岁的工程院院士沈国舫申请退休。不料所在学校以“你是我们学校的旗帜”为由婉拒。
核心是去利益化
在我国，一旦当选院士，所在单位和地方政府都会提供各种额外待遇和权力，比如增加津贴、参与重大决策、优先出版著作等，其政治待遇和工作待遇迅速提升，调动各种社会资源的机会大大增加。
对院士所在单位来说，拥有一个院士几乎意味着一个聚宝盆。就在今年，武汉市还出台规定，出一位院士将重奖千万元，惹来不少争议。相比之下，很多国家院士终身拥有的只是一种荣誉，至于特权待遇，可能只是所在单位的一个永久免费车位。
“中国院士制度改革的核心问题是去利益化，取消一系列与院士头衔对应的权力和利益，让院士回归学术头衔和学术荣誉。”21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇指出。
“我希望大家不要过分突出院士这个头衔。”今年新当选的中科院院士、清华大学教授施一公说，“今后无论在什么场合，我都希望大家继续称我为教授，而不是院士。在参与科研项目评审时，我也希望同等条件下优先把机会给年轻人。”
(据新华社北京12月19日电)
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