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The author:(作者)aaapublished in(发表于) 2013/12/22 18:51:18 Domestic express check deposit omissions
Recently, delivering toxic chemical leak accidents causing casualties, exposed the Courier industry in the goods Visually Inspected part of serious omissions. While the current laws and regulations on express delivery industry, a relatively complete, detailed provisions prohibited mailing of prohibited items was kind and strict inspection system, and have the corresponding penalties, but was greatly reduced in the implementation of laws and regulations.
"Could not be opened, where there's a time for seeing? ”
Zou Jianwei school opened a retail outlet in Kunming, and is responsible for transportation, STO, tact and charm package express company in the campus, such as sending and receiving. In his view, this incident just company luck that, "each company will be more or less in that situation, but has not been detected. ”
Zou Jianwei handles courier receipt, in addition to mobile phones, computer apart and take a look at, others barely opened, even opened the phone, computer, and because "fear hit bad is compensation". Zou Jianwei said that they encountered after mailing liquids, lighters and other suspicious objects, up to ask, "could not be opened, where there's a time for seeing? ”
Zou Jianwei told Xinhua that although national provisions, but some companies do not require, courier was happy again. Express old Liu told reporters that the express incident, the company said, but he felt that in practice there are difficulties.
This reporter learned that, many of today's express revenue is by the piece, more pay, increased inspection and disassembly links after the pickup time, and checks the customer's goods will cause a number of inconveniences.
September this year make unannounced visits to the network trafficked guns illegal activities of journalists also found that criminals were the first firearms disassembly open, then through the express and logistics channels of gun parts in batches to buyers and then steering buyers to be assembled via video. Many gun dealers told reporters that the express, logistics industry checks now relaxed but the entire gun is sure to be checking it out as long as the firearm "decentralised" mailed in batches, you can easily cross the border.
Lack of express franchise model resulted in porous, regulatory
In July 2008, our specialized market of norm express first Executive and legislative papers--reported in the express market management approach and implement through explicitly prohibits mailing categories of items, while requesting express delivery companies establish rigorous acceptance testing system; letters mailed to users other than the shipment shall be Visually Inspected on the spot in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State, Assembly and disassembly.
The Beijing Express service standards and safety management approach (draft) is required, express delivery companies in receiving and sending correspondence outside the courier is not duly stamped acceptance inspection stamps, and 2000 Yuan to 5,000 yuan fines; user refuses inspection, not acceptance.
Reporters learn that most courier companies have a scanner, but for ordinary couriers, cannot be equipped with, as long as there is customer sign will release.
"The Courier industry an accident sooner or later. "Southwest University University economic law professor Chen Pengfei said, currently on express industry of legal regulations comparison perfect, regardless of is People's Republic of China postal law under express market management approach under, also is express industry security against rules under, are detailed provides has prohibited mailing of prohibited items species and strictly of inspection depending on system, and has corresponding of punishment measures, but legal regulations in Executive in the is big discount.
Chen Pengfei said that currently express business is highly competitive, and companies want to soliciting business, driven by economic interests, willing to take the risk. At the same time, some consumer privacy leaks, unwilling to accept mail shipments Visually Inspected.
At the same time, regulatory weakness caused courier company "law". "At present, most of the offending enterprises is not punishable by appropriate penalties. ”
Reporters found that in addition to SF, few carry out direct mode of enterprises such as EMS, yuantong, shentong, yunda, most courier company is a franchise model, porous, regulation is not in place, branches and various illegal activities in the franchise outlets is "disastrous".
Liao Chenglin, a Professor of Economics and Management College of Chongqing University, said franchise model is certainly conducive to the rapid expansion of the scale and scope of the business, but the franchise model of homogenization competition is under serious, dominated by low price competition, which poses the inevitable decline in profits and quality of service.
Several industry insiders confirmed to reporters, many courier companies joined prices are falling it can't go any lower, franchise outlets need only a desk, a few phone calls and several employees, pay minimal cost would be open for business again. "In this case, the express businesses of their branches and subsidiaries difficult to achieve strict supervision and training. ”
Expert recommendations reference security equipment acceptance testing system
"It turns out, joining models have been unable to adapt to the development of the Courier industry. "Liao Chenglin said the franchise model allows courier companies fell into a" low profits and poor services, delinquency, the more "the vicious circle of access to global Fortune 500 from express delivery companies, no introduced franchise model enterprises.
Liao Chenglin suggested should be "great leap forward"-like franchise mode to direct mode, management policies, financial support should be given. Switch to direct mode process, enterprises should all proceed from its strength, precision farming, ensure service quality and profits.
For the current regime of acceptance inspection, said Chen Pengfei, in order to reassure consumers fear privacy concerns, refer to security equipment at the station, urged the express company to establish a security system, so that does not violate customer privacy, then not have contraband falls through.
Liao Chenglin agreed, not excluding people intentionally using express vulnerability factors that jeopardize social security, but some people do not understand what could be sent, what is contraband, regulations on Express advocacy, raising social awareness, reduce misdirected due to unknown circumstances.
(, Xinhua News Agency, Beijing December 21)
近日发生的寄递有毒化学品泄漏造成人员伤亡的事故，暴露出快递行业在物品验视环节的严重疏漏。虽然目前关于快递业的法律法规比较完善，详细规定了禁止邮寄的违禁物品种类和严格的验视制度，并有相应的处罚措施，但法律法规在执行中却大打折扣。
“不可能都拆开，哪儿有时间看啊？”
邹鉴威在昆明一家学校开了一家零售店，兼负责中通、申通、圆通和韵达等快递公司在校园内快递包裹的收发。在他看来，这次事件不过是公司倒霉而已，“每家公司多多少少都会碰到这种情况，只不过没有被发现而已。”
在邹鉴威经手的快递单中，除手机、电脑会拆开看一下，其他基本不会拆看，即便拆开手机、电脑，也是因为“担心碰到坏的要赔偿”。邹鉴威说，他们碰到邮寄液体、打火机等可疑物品后，最多问一下，“不可能都拆开，哪儿有时间看啊？”
邹鉴威告诉记者，尽管也知道国家的规定，但一些公司并没有相应要求，快递员也就乐得省事儿了。快递员老刘告诉记者，快递事件后，公司也说了一下，但他认为在实际操作中还是存在困难。
记者了解到，当前许多快递员收入都是按件计算，多劳多得，增加了验视和拆装环节后增加了收件的时间，而且检查顾客的物品也会导致多种不便。
记者今年9月暗访网络贩枪非法活动时还发现，犯罪分子都是先将枪支拆卸开，再通过快递、物流渠道将枪械零件分批发给买家，然后通过视频指导买家进行组装。多名枪贩子告诉记者，快递、物流行业目前检查比较宽松，但整枪肯定会被检查出来，只要把枪支“化整为零”分批邮寄，就能轻松过关。
快递业加盟模式导致管理松散、监管缺失
2008年7月，我国专门规范快递市场的第一部行政立法性文件——《快递市场管理办法》公布并施行，办法明确了禁止寄递的物品种类，同时要求快递企业建立严格的收寄验视制度；对用户交寄的信件以外的快件，应当按照国家有关规定当场验视内件，当面拆装。
《北京市快递服务规范与安全管理办法（草案）》则要求，快递企业在收寄信件以外的快件未加盖收寄验视戳记的，可处2000元以上5000元以下罚款；用户拒绝验视的，不予收寄。
记者采访得知，大部分快递公司都有扫描仪，但对于普通快递员来说，无法配备，只要有客户签字就会放行。
“快递行业出事是迟早的事情。”西南政法大学经济法学教授陈鹏飞表示，目前关于快递业的法律法规比较完善，无论是《中华人民共和国邮政法》《快递市场管理办法》，还是《快递业安全防范细则》，都详细规定了禁止邮寄的违禁物品种类和严格的验视制度，并有相应的处罚措施，但法律法规在执行中却大打折扣。
陈鹏飞说，目前快递行业竞争激烈，各公司都想多揽业务，在经济利益驱使下，不惜铤而走险。同时，一些消费者怕隐私泄露，不愿意接受邮寄快件验视。
同时，监管乏力导致快递企业“有法不依”。“目前，多数违规的企业并没有受到相应惩罚。”
记者调查发现，除了顺丰、EMS等少数实行直营模式的企业外，圆通、申通、韵达等多数快递公司实行的是加盟模式，管理松散、监管不到位，分公司和加盟网点一直是发生各种违法违规行为的“重灾区”。
重庆大学经济与管理学院教授廖成林表示，加盟模式固然有利于企业经营规模和范围的快速扩张，但加盟模式下的竞争是严重同质化的，基本以低价竞争为主，由此带来的必然是利润的减少和服务质量的下降。
多名业内人士向记者证实，不少快递公司的加盟门槛已经低得不能再低，加盟网点只需要一张办公桌、几部电话和几名员工，再支付极少的费用就能开门营业。“在这种情况下，快递企业对其网点和分公司很难做到严格监管和培训。”
专家建议参照安检设备完善收寄验视制度
“事实证明，加盟模式已经不能适应快递行业的发展。”廖成林说，加盟模式使得不少快递企业陷入了“利润越低、服务越差、违法行为越多”的恶性循环，从进入全球500强的快递企业来看，没有一家实行加盟模式的企业。
廖成林建议，应将“大跃进”式的加盟模式改为直营模式，行业管理部门应给予政策、资金方面的扶持。在转向直营模式的过程中，企业应一切从自身实力出发，精耕细作，保证服务质量和利润水平。
对于目前的收寄验视制度，陈鹏飞表示，为了打消消费者担心泄露隐私的顾虑，可参考车站的安检设备，督促快递企业建立一套完善的安检系统，做到既不侵犯客户隐私权，又不让违禁物品漏网。
廖成林也认为，不排除人为故意地利用快递的漏洞危害社会安全的因素，但也有部分群众不了解什么可以邮寄，什么属于违禁品，应对快递业管理规定进行宣传，提高社会的知晓度，减少因不知晓而误投的情况。
（据新华社北京12月21日电）
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