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published in(发表于) 2013/12/22 18:51:38
Expert: current international corn market are genetically modified maize

Expert: current international market are genetically modified maize seed _ of transgenic corn | | | news

Yesterday, the AQSIQ announced that, as of December 19, various port inspection and quarantine institutions of our country have been from 12 545,000 tons of United States imports corn, checked out without the approval of the Chinese Ministry of agriculture MIR162 genetically modified ingredients. The port inspection and quarantine agencies has 12 545,000 tons of imported in accordance with United States imports of maize for return processing. Time, genetically modified topic again made a comeback. According to Ministry of agriculture site Office of agricultural genetically modified organism safety management sources, at present, China has approved genetically modified transgenic corn, cotton, soybeans, import safety certificates transgenic rapeseed 4 crops.


Jinghua times, quiet Shangxi


发布



Genetically modified corn was returned, I ask the United States to strengthen the monitoring


Introduction according to the State administration of quality supervision, the port inspection and quarantine agencies has 12 545,000 tons of imported in accordance with United States imports of maize for return processing.


AQSIQ has updated the situation once again informed the American side, requires the US side to strengthen the origin of corn imports, transportation and warehousing and other aspects of management and control measures, effectively avoiding corn imports without the safety assessment and approval of genetically modified strains of pollution of agriculture in China.


It is reported that this was returned to United States MIR162 genetically modified corn developed by Syngenta, is a lepidopteran insect-resistant transgenic maize, have access to many of the major maize-importing countries, including the EU import approvals, but over two years has been awaiting approval by the Chinese. On December 6, the Agriculture Department Chief Economist, spokesman Bi Mei has stated publicly that, United States Syngenta company submitted MIR162 transgenic maize security certificate request, our assessment of agricultural genetically modified organism safety Committee, considers relevant materials and experimental data is not complete and there is a problem. Department of agriculture in line with the principle of prudent, has asked its supplementary materials and experimental data.


回应



Seized fake maize seed in Hunan denied that any genetically modified ingredients


Reproduced in the reports on the network: channel in Huaihua, Hunan province recently informed the police, after more than a year of hard work, cracked the Ministry of public security, supervision, "United States Golden corn" mega case of selling fake and inferior seeds. Experts said in the report, these seeds is not only poor-quality seed, but some seed may contain genetically modified ingredients.


Hunan provincial Department of agriculture survey found, these seeds are all from Guangdong, a company called "block out" company is without verification and experiment of "three noes", the germination percentage and seedlings percentage only and 16%. Because is not validated and the planting, seeds of variable quality, coupled with environmental factors such as climate, soil, resulting in the emergence of this phenomenon.


Hunan provincial Department of agriculture agricultural administrative law enforcement General Brigade Group Commander Hu Xiangwen describes, at present in the three States of Huaihua, Hunan, CHENZHOU, Hunan province and seized 7,000 kilograms of seeds. Related departments which were subsequently detected yet found to contain genetically modified ingredients.


官方



China did not approve GM maize cultivation


Department of agriculture Web site, administration of agricultural genetically modified organism Safety Office, at present, the National Commission on agricultural genetically modified organism safety review, has approved genetically modified GMO genetically modified corn, cotton, soybeans, rapeseed imports 4 crops a security certificate. In addition to approved the cultivation of genetically modified cotton, imported genetically modified soybeans, genetically modified maize and genetically modified oilseed rape is limited to the processing of raw materials.


Our law provides that imports of agricultural genetically altered biological products used for processing raw materials shall not be altered, shall be taken in the domestic cultivation. China has not approved any genetically modified grown food crop seeds are imported into the territory of China. So far approved 11 genetically modified maize imported for processing raw materials; 2009 approved the transfer of Phytase in corn security certificate, but did not achieve commercial cultivation.


It is learned that the 2010 global transgenic maize planting area of 46.8 million hectares of land, 26% of the world's total corn area. Planted there are mainly two types of transgenic traits, is insect-resistant, and are resistant to herbicides. To date, global ratification of complex traits of genetically modified corn planted a total of 22.


解读



Corn seed sales need to strengthen regulatory


Although the Hunan so-called "Golden corn" there is no evidence of genetically modified ingredients, but in recent years of unauthorized genetically modified products is frequently exposed by Chinese customs intercepted a message, or raises public concern about genetically modified. At present our country has not yet ratified the commercial planting of genetically modified staple food, GMO imports of seed into the field once contained, can result in "genetic pollution".


Tongping Asia Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of crop science researcher believes that, through formal channels, GM seeds are generally capable of being "blocked".


Oriental AI lattice agricultural advisory company senior analyst Ma Wenfeng introduced think, national to on seed imports introduced more strictly of approval and regulatory, while, to put good "source shut", like United States, seed export country should clearly which is China allows imports of, which is without China approved of; on the, customs to introduced batch batch check detection, once seized out not provides of seed to strongly returned or for destroyed, discourage importers and trade commercial of fluke psychological.


Seed industry in Hunan Province following the blessing, Chairman Peng Jifu told reporters that agents now have to make money, exaggerated propaganda quality of imported seeds, some farmers don't care whether the seeds through the validation of the local, coveting a small gain results fooled, causing production losses.


In addition, seed sales is also the urgent need to strengthen the network. Taobao enter "seed corn", some 14,200 pieces, many of them marked "Mexico corn seeds", "United States importing corn seeds". Channel County Farm Bureau official in Hunan province said that some farmers directly to "cyber" small scale planting new varieties of, for which "types of" phenomenon is hard to regulate.


对话



Agricultural biotechnology Institute China's 973 Program Chief Scientist Huang Dafang



Tens of millions of tons in corn shortage in the future, or


Reporter: in recent years, imports of corn growing, shortage of maize in China now?


Huang Dafang: experts predict the development research center of the State Council that future domestic demand will grow at an average of 3.3%, compared to 2.2% in maize yield growth. International measure of livestock development and the standard of living is one of the per capita consumption of corn. Per capita consumption in 2008 from 126.4 kilograms of maize in China has increased to 140 kg in 2011, after 2015 will soon be close to the average level of moderately developed countries, approximately 207 kg. In 2020, China's population will reach 1.45 billion, as calculated in per capita consumption of 200 kilograms, when demand will reach 290 million tons of maize, maize yields less than 210 million tonnes at present in China, tens of millions of tons of gaps might appear in the future.


Reporter: How do you think genetically modified corn?


Huang Dafang: current average maize yields approximately 380 kg/MU, only for United States 60%. 10 years of domestic corn production grew slowly, instructions hard to rely solely on the traditional technology development technical bottlenecks, cannot be achieved in the short term yields of maize improved significantly. Currently it is noteworthy that a variety of new and emerging technologies, in particular the breeding technology of genetically modified organisms. Last century 90 's United States maize yield about 400 kg/acre, but after vigorously promoting the commercialization and breeding of insect-resistant and herbicide-resistant corn, maize yields in less than 20 years nearly 50%, now has more than 600 kg/acre. Developing country Argentina for many years insisted on promoting the industrialization of genetically modified corn, average yields have increased from 1995-1999 342 kg/acre to 471 kg/Mu 2005-2009, 38% increase in 15 years, the last 10 years, a doubling of capacity.


Reporter: there have been reports, current international are basically on the market of genetically modified maize?


Huang Dafang: current international are basically on the market of genetically modified maize. If China's reluctance to import corn, corn not become "second soybean", that had the resolve to accelerate the industrialization of genetically modified corn developed. This is not only a strategic choice, and pragmatic considerations.


声音



Cui yongyuan GM in the United States have disputed


9 o'clock last evening many, surveys in the United States before GM CCTV host Cui yongyuan got off the plane it straight to an apartment in the Olympic Sports Center, media on the trip for the first time to wait.


"Very productive", like introduction, visited the United States general population experts, civil society organizations, farmers, different areas such as around 50 and found that "GM in the United States is in dispute is an indisputable fact that mainstream scientists."


Like said, he in the United States understand that, not only experts on the safety of genetically modified foods are not consistent, people are not "rest assured GM ate 20 years", since a high percentage of Americans even "genetically modified" never heard of, let alone trust, on the other hand more and more understanding of the situation of Americans identified requirements for genetically modified food.


In Japan and the United States visited Cui yongyuan a deeper point is that people care about genetically modified foods, so you can choose not to eat, food certification is clear, producers can be found by means of barcodes.


Cui yongyuan summarized his view is: "safety of genetically engineered foods scientists have disputed, it is best to not to get people to eat, at least not to deny our right to choose. "Cui yongyuan recommends China Mall of genetically modified food counters, guaranteed Shoppe outside food is not genetically modified, and that the Government should take up this responsibility.


Like said, he has us doing transgenic research to Japan 3 times was a solo act, at their own expense, which went to the United States for 14 days to spend no less than 500,000 yuan and employ locals documentary, will be released as soon as possible after making good.


Cui yongyuan said on his Twitter, and Fang on GM's "confrontation" has lasted 3 months, that came with initial disputes increasingly evolved into a personal attack, "war of words".


Referring to leaving CCTV reasons, like say three years ago, has offered to leave, but the Taiwan leader has not. "I signed agreements in the CCTV, can't send tweets, forecast shows are not on the Internet".


Cui yongyuan said yesterday, and GM is Fang microblogging controversy led him to a large reason for this separation, "in such a matter before that I don't simply quit."


(Original title: 540,000 tons of American transgenic maize, I return)

(Edit: SN091)
December 21, 2013 The Beijing times
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专家:目前国际玉米市场基本都是转基因玉米|转基因|玉米|种子_新闻资讯

  昨天,国家质检总局发布消息称,截至12月19日,我国多个口岸检验检疫机构相继从12批54.5万吨美国输华玉米中,检出含有未经我国农业部批准的MIR162转基因成分。各口岸检验检疫机构已依法对这12批54.5万吨进口美国输华玉米作退货处理。一时间,转基因话题再度卷土重来。根据农业部网站农业转基因生物安全管理办公室消息,目前,我国已先后批准了转基因棉花、转基因大豆、转基因玉米、转基因油菜4种作物的进口安全证书。


  京华时报记者文静商西


  □发布



  转基因玉米遭退回我要求美加强监管


  据国家质检总局介绍,各口岸检验检疫机构已依法对这12批54.5万吨进口美国输华玉米作退货处理。


  质检总局已将最新有关情况再次通报美方,要求美方加强对输华玉米的产地来源、运输及仓储等环节的管控措施,有效避免输华玉米被未经我国农业部安全评估并批准的转基因品系污染。


  据悉,本次被退回的美国MIR162转基因玉米由先正达研发,是抗鳞翅目昆虫的转基因玉米,已获得包括欧盟在内的许多主要玉米进口国的进口批准,但两年多来一直在等待中国批准。12月6日,农业部总经济师、新闻发言人毕美家曾公开表示,美国先正达公司多次提交转基因玉米MIR162安全证书申请,经我国农业转基因生物安全委员会的评审,认为相关材料和实验数据不完整并存在问题。农业部本着审慎的原则,已要求其补充材料和实验数据。


  □回应



  湖南查获假玉米种否认有转基因成分


  网络上转载的相关报道称:最近湖南怀化通道警方通报,经过一年努力,破获了公安部督办的“美国黄金玉米”特大销售伪劣种子案。有专家在报道中称,这些种子,不仅是劣质种子,而且部分种子可能含转基因成分。


  湖南省农业厅调查组发现,这批种子全部来自广东一家叫做“连州明丰”的公司,是没有经过审定和试种的“三无产品”,其发芽率和成苗率分别只有16%和48%。由于未经审定和试种,种子质量参差不齐,加上各地气候、土壤环境等因素影响,导致上述现象的出现。


  湖南省农业厅农业行政执法总队总队长胡祥文介绍,目前湖南省在怀化、湘西州、郴州三地共查获同品种种子7000公斤。随后相关部门对此进行了检测,暂未发现含有转基因成分。


  □官方



  中国未批准转基因玉米种植


  农业部网站消息,农业转基因生物安全管理办公室介绍,目前,经国家农业转基因生物安全委员会评审,已先后批准了转基因棉花、转基因大豆、转基因玉米、转基因油菜4种作物的进口安全证书。除批准了转基因棉花的种植外,进口的转基因大豆、转基因玉米、转基因油菜用途仅限于加工原料。


  我国法律规定,进口用做加工原料的农业转基因生物,不得改变用途,即不得在国内种植。我国至今没有批准任何一种转基因粮食作物种子进口到中国境内种植。截至目前,我国批准11种转基因玉米进口用做加工原料;2009年批准了转植酸酶玉米的安全证书,但未进入商业化种植。


  据悉,2010年全球转基因玉米种植面积达4680万公顷,占全球玉米总面积的26%。种植的转基因性状主要有两类,一是抗虫,二是耐除草剂。到目前为止,全球批准种植的复合性状转基因玉米共22个。


  □解读



  玉米种子销售需要加强监管


  虽然这次湖南所谓的“黄金玉米”目前暂未发现转基因成分,但近年来未经批准的转基因产品被我国海关截获的消息频频曝出,还是引发了公众对于转基因问题的担忧。目前我国尚未批准转基因主粮的商业化种植,一旦含有转基因成分的进口种子进入大田,很可能造成“基因污染”。


  中国农科院作物科学研究院研究员佟屏亚认为,通过正规渠道,转基因种子一般都能够被“挡住”。


  东方艾格农业咨询公司高级分析师马文峰介绍认为,国家要对种子进口实行更严格的审批和监管,一方面,要把好“源头关”,比如美国等种子出口国应该清楚哪些是中国允许进口的,哪些是未经中国批准的;另一方面,海关要实行批批检查检测,一旦检出不合规定的种子要坚决退回或进行销毁,打消进口商和贸易商的侥幸心理。


  湖南省继福种业董事长彭继福告诉记者,现在有的代理商为了赚钱,夸大宣传进口种子的品质,部分农民也不管这些种子是否通过了当地的审定,贪图小利结果上当受骗、造成生产损失。


  此外,网络种子销售的监管也急需加强。在淘宝网输入“玉米种子”,显示有1.42万件宝贝,其中不少标明是“墨西哥玉米种子”“美国进口玉米种子”。湖南省通道县农业局有关负责人说,一些农民直接将“网购”的新品种进行小范围试种,对于这种“乱种”的现象很难监管。


  □对话



  农科院生物技术研究所研究员中国973计划项目首席科学家黄大昉



  未来玉米缺口或达数千万吨


  记者:近年来玉米进口量逐渐增加,现在我国的玉米缺口情况如何?


  黄大昉:国务院发展研究中心专家预测,今后国内玉米需求将以年均3.3%的速度增长,而玉米单产增速仅为2.2%。国际上衡量畜牧业发展和生活水平的指标之一是玉米的人均占有量。中国玉米人均占有量从2008年的126.4公斤已增至2011年的140公斤,2015年后将很快接近中等发达国家的平均水平,约为207公斤。2020年中国人口将达到14.5亿,如以人均占有量200公斤计算,届时玉米需求量将达2.9亿吨,而我国目前玉米产量不足2.1亿吨,未来可能出现数千万吨的缺口。


  记者:您如何看待转基因玉米?


  黄大昉:目前我国玉米平均单产约380公斤/亩,仅为美国的60%。10年来国内玉米单产年均增长缓慢,说明仅仅依靠传统技术难以突破发展的技术瓶颈,短期内无法实现玉米单产的大幅度提升。当前值得关注的是多种新兴技术,特别是转基因生物育种技术的应用。上世纪90年代美国玉米单产约为400公斤/亩,但以后大力推进抗虫、抗除草剂玉米商业化育种,不到20年时间玉米单产提高近50%,现已超过600公斤/亩。发展中国家阿根廷多年坚持推进转基因玉米产业化,平均单产已由1995—1999年间的342公斤/亩提高到2005—2009年间的471公斤/亩,15年间提高了38%,过去10年,总产翻了一番。


  记者:有报道称,目前国际玉米市场上基本上都是转基因玉米?


  黄大昉:目前国际玉米市场上基本上都是转基因玉米。如果我国不愿大量进口玉米,不让玉米成为“大豆第二”,那只有下决心加快转基因玉米自主研发成果的产业化。这不仅是战略的选择,也是务实的考量。


  □声音



  崔永元转基因在美国有争议


  昨晚9点多,赴美调查转基因的央视前主持人崔永元刚下飞机就直奔奥体中心一处公寓,第一时间向在此等候的媒体介绍此行所获。


  “收获很大”,崔永元介绍,其间走访了美国普通民众、农场主、不同领域专家、民间组织等50人左右,发现“转基因在美国主流科学家中有争议是不争的事实”。


  崔永元说,他在美国了解到,不仅专家对转基因食品的安全性观点尚不一致,民众也并非“放心吃了20年转基因”,因为相当高比例的美国人连“转基因”都未曾听说,谈不上放心,另一方面越来越多了解情况的美国人要求对转基因食品进行标识。


  在日本和美国的走访让崔永元感受较深的一点是,民众如果在意转基因食品,完全可以选择不吃,食品认证很明确,通过条形码都可以找到生产者。


  崔永元总结他的观点是:“既然转基因食品的安全性科学家还有争议,最好先不要给老百姓吃,至少不要剥夺我们选择的权利。”崔永元建议中国的商场里设转基因食品专柜,保证专柜外的食品不是转基因,并认为政府应该负起这个责任。


  崔永元表示,他先后3次赴日美做转基因调查都是个人行为,自己出钱,此次赴美14天花费不下50万元,聘请当地人拍纪录片,制作好后将尽快发布。


  崔永元透露,他在微博上与方舟子关于转基因的“对峙”已持续3个多月,由最初的争议日益演变为附带人身攻击的“骂战”。


  谈及离开央视的原因,崔永元说三年前就已提出离意,但台领导一直不放。“我在央视的时候签过协议,不能随便发微博,在网上预报节目都不可以”。


  昨天崔永元提到,与方舟子微博论战转基因是促使他此次离职的很大原因,“在这样的大是大非面前那些我不要也罢,干脆辞职算了”。


(原标题:54万吨美转基因玉米被我退回)


(编辑:SN091)
2013年12月21日02:44
京华时报
)


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