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published in(发表于) 2014/12/14 9:10:23
The project to create the world’s largest， engineering Super TGP

Beijing on December 12, Reuters new media (reporters Wei Mengjia) mid-route 12th water from Danjiangkou reservoir on HANJIANG River, along the main canal of more than 1000 kilometers of flows to households in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Henan area. Water diversion dream occasion let us come near the world's largest TRANS-basin water diversion projects, explore the engineering behind the hard, taste the "South" water for precious.

　　The North: what are the highest in the world?

As major trans-regional deployment of water resources in China strategic infrastructure projects, the project built from 2002 onwards, and points East, middle and West line, mainly from the Yangtze River water diversion to solve northern China, especially in Huang-Huai-Hai River basin's water shortage problem. Among them, the East line water last year, also in the West in the midst of planning. Since its planning, construction, engineering, setting a number of "world's largest".

--The world's largest water diversion project. Project four crossing the Yangtze River, huaihe River, Yellow River and the haihe River basin, involving more than more than 10 provinces and cities, losing long waterline road, crossing rivers, covers a wide range of engineering, huge benefits, is a complex of giant water project.

--The world's largest water diversion projects in the water supply. Engineering final year water transfer scale as follows: year of 44.8 billion cubic meters of water. Among them, the East line of 14.8 billion cubic meters, 13 billion cubic metres of the middle and West of 17 billion cubic meters. Regional control of three water supply area of 1.45 million square kilometers, accounting for about 15% of China's land area.

--The world's longest water diversion project. Project planning of Eastern, Central and Western lines, 4350 km total length. Currently under construction in the East, the first phase project of the Middle link of 2899 km along the level matching branch Canal of about 2700 km in six provinces, total length of 5599 km.

Benefit--the world's largest water diversion project. Project of water diversion from water planning district population of over 400 million people. Phase I project of the Middle East, only direct water supply of cities above the county level has 253, directly benefiting a population of 1. 100 million people and indirectly benefiting 200 million people.

　　"Water encyclopedia": project how difficult it is?

The world's largest water diversion project, overcoming many difficulties in project construction? Water Conservancy experts said with emotion, the project is a "water." Because almost all types of water conservancy projects, can be found here. The water "Jumbo" size and difficulty, at home and abroad have no precedent.

The reporter learned from the route of the Office of the State Council, the mega-projects, involving more than 2,700 housing units project, not only the conventional reservoirs, canals, sluice gates, and many of the high flow pumps, long, large diameter tunnel, large aqueduct, culvert, is a complex cluster of mega-projects.

It is reported that due to long lines, large scale, whole project of water diversion from larger quantities than the three gorges project. In the construction of more than 10 years, the builders to perseverance and hard work has created a lot of "world's largest" and "China's most". For example, the world's largest pumping stations – pumping station in the East line group; the world's largest project--the middle of the u-shaped water aqueduct Tuan River aqueduct project domestic water conveyance tunnel across the river's largest-and middle Yellow River tunnel project.

Water conveyance Canal of middle line project of Danjiangkou reservoir on the HANJIANG River taocha Canal headwork of water diversion, Henan, Hebei, all the way out to Beijing, Tianjin, and channels of 1432 km total length. For the construction of this "artificial river", channel construction needed to cross the many canals, roads, railways and bridges, road conditions are extremely complex.

Among them, the engineering construction of the most difficult and most complex than middle route crossing Yellow River project. The Yellow River is the natural moat of water North of the Yangtze River. In Zhengzhou, Henan province, about 30 kilometers west of the lone Cypress mouth, builders spent 8 years, braving the risk of high water pressure, to more than 30 meters deep underground, blew two 7 meters in diameter and more than 4,000-meter-long tunnel, finally let the water roll from under the Yellow River passing through. The middle yellow double line tunnel across the South, pioneered China's Water Conservancy and hydropower engineering new record long distance on soft soil method construction of tunnels at the bottom.

In the construction of the project in Beijing, most notably the Middle buried culvert under the West ring project in Beijing. Under the fine calculation, trial, both the water conveyance pressure tunnel diameter of 4 meters, from the lower part of Beijing Wukesong station succeeded in crossing and only 3 from the subway structure at the top of the tunnel. 67 metres. This is the world's first large diameter pressure diversion tunnel from underground station is operating the lower crossing.

"Such a pressure tunnel through the city's infrastructure is a challenge. As well as through successful but also to guarantee the normal operation of Metro will not be affected, and construction is very difficult. Ultimately, subway maximum settlement value is only 3 mm, this is the Builder of an innovation. "Beijing Office Director Sun Guosheng said from South to North.

　　Water source: how large is the price?

Shiyan city, Hubei Province was a nationally famous "Township of turmeric" turmeric plant area of more than 500,000 acres or more, is one of the local pillar industries, is also the main source of income of farmers. In order to prevent pollution, protect well water into Beijing, Shiyan compulsory closing to 106 turmeric processing enterprises, more than 700,000 farmers lost their livelihoods for the survival of ginger, directly reducing income 6. 800 million Yuan.

This is just a microcosm of the water sources for water is forced to transition. For middle-water safety since 2006, China began in the Danjiangkou reservoir area and its upper reaches of water pollution control and water and soil conservation, covering Shaanxi, Henan, Hubei, 3 provinces and 43 counties, population of about 15 million people in the region.

North Fan Zhihui, Deputy Director of the environmental protection division in the Office of the State Council said, to date, the water source area of the three places were shut down in papermaking, chemical, pharmaceutical, plating, processing more than 1000 number of polluting enterprises registered, guarantee the stability of the water quality of Danjiangkou reservoir target.

It is understood that the Danjiangkou reservoir area has 34 poverty-stricken counties in 43 counties, development of lust. But to protect water quality, many enterprises were forced to close was a pillar of the local economy. Located in the key water source area of the Middle route of Shiyan in Hubei Province in recent years shut down, converting 560 enterprises above designated size, placement of laid off 60,000 people, 2.2 billion dollars of tax cuts.

However, the project pay the maximum, or to increase the water displaced immigrants. This is the second after the three gorges project, China's biggest resettlement "great migrations" unprecedented in the history of Water Conservancy in the world.

In mid-route, 5 counties in Shiyan city, Hubei Province, more than 180,000 people, and Xichuan County, Nanyang city, Henan province, more than 160,000 people, all in two years to settle.

The "most difficult" behind are in Danjiangkou reservoir region 34. 50,000 immigrants, as "eating well water in the North" of the tremendous sacrifices and dedication. When the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Henan people drink when Gan lie on the HANJIANG River, please bear in mind this group is their perseverance and dedication the achievements of the "water northward" dreams, achievements of this century project from South to North.

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