British media said narrowing the urban-rural income gap in China: started selling iPhone| rural income gap _ news

Original title: British media said narrowing the urban-rural income gap in China: rural began selling iPhone

Reference news, May 16 British media said – one of China's poorest provinces, Anhui, on the main street of the small town hang Bu the shop is full of local flavor. Streets lined with shops selling seed and fertilizer, filled with tools and machine shops, a few simple little restaurant and a small hotel. In these shops, mixed with a different store, iPhone and iPad are shining in the window.

According to the United Kingdom the Economist May 14, you can see that from these electronic gadgets, who was overshadowed by rapid development of the urban mapping in rural China, it began to prosper. Controversial is that it shows to urban and rural microcosm of the huge income gap between inequality, may be reduced. Sale of iPhone owners Yuan Yue (voice) said: "if we don't have money to buy, and I'm not going to open the shop. All money earned. But people's income increased. ”

Reports said over the past 35 years, significant economic growth in China has been showing uneven look. Official and independent studies have shown that transformed China from a very egalitarian society into a very unequal society. Average or not is the most commonly used measure of income Gini coefficient. Gini coefficients are between 0 and 1 (0 means all income parity, 1 represents a person has everything). China's official statistics show that China's Gini coefficient in the 80 's of last century less than 0.3, then China is located in the most equal countries in the world-wide income. Today, the factor is almost 0.5, China has also become one of the most unequal countries in the world.

Other sources of data are displayed, income inequality, chaps, it was more serious than official figures. A survey is widely quoted Southwestern University of finance report concludes that by 2010, China's Gini coefficient has climbed to 0.61, China has become one of the most unequal countries in the world, not much as South Africa.

Although China's Gini coefficient is very high, now began to decline. According to official data, the Gini coefficient has decreased for 7 consecutive years, dropped from 2008 to 0.49 0.46 last year.

Reports from across the country, and lead to deterioration of the maximum wealth due to urban and rural differences. Now, the degree decrease this gap seems to be the main reason. In 2009, the average income of the urban population is 3.3 times times the average income of the rural population. At present, the gap has narrowed to 2.7 times. Meanwhile, the income of the rural population has maintained rapid growth for six consecutive years. In fact, many rural people work in the city or work in factories or engaged in basic services. Even so, given China's strict household registration system, the rural population still cannot be settled in city housing.

Reported that the income of migrant workers was one of the reasons China's population changes. China's labor force has started to shrink. This change in driving up blue-collar wages. Another reason is, seeking cheap labor, companies have to move inland, moved to those areas that are relatively poor. Yuan Yue said, was out of town several electronics factory located in the plant, he began to sell iPhone in hang Bu. Air zone, along the way, a man sitting in front of the stalls recruitment. 3000 Yuan a month ($ 460) to salary salary lower than a normal job in the city is not much. "We are hiring all the year round. Question after all is salary. They are not happy, it will leave, "jobs said.

This proves that the Nobel Prize-winning economist Simon Kuznets proposed in 1955 by a theory. Kuznets said at the beginning of the development of a country, who can generate a decent salaries of lucky and those given to depressed farming occurs across huge gaps. However, as the economy continues to grow, one will eventually be incorporated into modern parts of the economy, will also reduce their imbalances. Although, with the increasing prosperity of the country, which is no longer applicable, but China's current situation was in line with rule told by Kuznets.

Reports, but this is not entirely the spontaneous change. Lead to a change of part of the answer seems to be due to redistribution policies. The past decades, China expanded the coverage of basic medical insurance and Welfare; introduced the free nine-year compulsory education in rural areas, and scrapped centuries-old agricultural taxes.

However, to do a lot of things. Government investment in rural areas is still too low, particularly prominent in the national pension system. If you don't make a change, inequality will continue to poison the land of China. Gan Li of the Southwestern University of finance and said: "if we are totally dependent on economic development, then it can't really eliminate inequalities. ”

In addition, for many people, "income inequality in reducing" opinions may not be obvious. Inequalities (in this case people have, relative to what people earn) phenomena are still serious. 2015 hurun rich list showed, China (in dollar terms) billionaires (596) to United States (537). Early this year, according to a study done by the Beijing University, pyramid 1% 1/3 of Chinese families in control of national assets.

Since 2012, wealth in China is not so much to see. However, sports car, luxury restaurants and luxury boutiques in major cities everywhere. Even if Apple mobile phones into the countryside showed the income of China's rural population is on the rise, these money the material piled up in the big cities remind people all the time, a small group of urban elites are so rich. (Compile/Akon)

Responsible editor: Wang Hao

Article keywords:
Income gap

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英媒称中国城乡收入差距缩小:农村开始卖iPhone|收入差距_新闻资讯

　　原标题：英媒称中国城乡收入差距缩小：农村也开始卖iPhone

　　参考消息网5月16日报道 英媒称，安徽——中国最贫穷的省份之一，小镇航埠的主要街道上满是颇具乡土气息的小店。街道两旁有售卖种子和化肥的店铺、堆满了工具和机械的商铺、几家简朴的小饭馆和一家小旅馆。而在这些店铺中，夹杂着一间与众不同的店铺，iPhone和iPad正在橱窗里熠熠发光。

　　据英国《经济学人》网站5月14日报道，从这些电子小玩意上就可以看出，曾被快速发展的都市映照的黯然失色的中国农村如今也开始有了起色。颇具争议的是，这显示出以城市和乡村间巨大收入差距为缩影的不平等，或许正在减少。贩卖苹果手机的店主袁岳（音）说：“如果大家都没钱买，我肯定不会开这个店。都是血汗钱嘛。不过人们的收入的确在增加。”

　　报道称，过去35年来，中国经济显著增长一直都呈现出分布不均的面貌。官方和独立研究均显示，中国从一个非常平等的社会转变成为一个相当不平等的社会。衡量收入平均与否的最常用指标就是基尼系数。基尼系数在0到1之间（0代表所有人收入均等，1则代表一个人拥有一切）。中国官方统计数字显示，中国的基尼系数在上世纪八十年代低于0.3，当时的中国位于全世界收入最均等国家之列。时至今日，该系数已将近0.5，中国也成为全球收入最不均等的国家之一。

　　其他数据来源则显示，收入不均的实际情况要比官方数字更为严重。一份被广泛援引的西南财经大学的调查报告总结称，到2010年，中国的基尼系数已经攀升到了0.61，中国已成为全球财富最不均等的国度之一，不均程度堪比南非。

　　尽管中国的基尼系数很高，眼下也开始出现了下降趋势。官方数据显示，基尼系数已经连续7年出现下降，从2008年的0.49降到了去年的0.46。

　　报道称，从整个国家来看，导致财富不均恶化的最大原因是城市与乡村的差异。而今，这一差距似乎也成为不均程度减少的主要原因。2009年，城市人口的平均收入是农村人口平均收入的3.3倍。而目前，这一差距已经缩小到了2.7倍。同时，农村人口的收入已经连续六年保持快速增长。实际上，很多农村人都在城市里工作，要么在工厂里做工，要么从事于基础服务业。不过即便如此，鉴于中国严格的户籍制度，农村人口仍无法在城市安居落户。

　　报道称，农民工收入增加的原因之一是中国人口的变化。中国的劳动力大军已经开始缩水。这一变化推动了蓝领工人薪水的上涨。另一个原因是，寻求廉价劳动力的企业已经向内陆转移，搬到了那些相对贫困的地区。袁岳说，自小镇外来了几家电子厂落户建厂以来，他就开始在航埠售卖苹果手机。在去航埠工业区的沿途，一名男子坐在小摊前招工。一个月3000元（460美元）的薪水比城市中一份普通工作的薪水低不了多少。“我们一年到头都在招工。说白了就是薪水的问题。他们不高兴，就会拍屁股走人，”招工者说。

　　这证明了曾获诺贝尔奖的经济学家西蒙·库兹涅茨在1955年提出的一项理论。库兹涅茨称，在一个国家的发展之初，那些能够获得可观薪水的幸运儿和那些不景气的务农之人之间会出现巨大的差距。不过，随着经济的持续增长，人们最终可融入经济的现代化部分，不均衡现象会随之减少。尽管随着国家的日益强盛，该理论便不再适用，但中国目前的情况恰好符合库兹涅茨所讲的规律。

　　报道称，不过这并非完全的自发性改变。导致改变的一部分原因似乎要归功于再分配政策。过去几十年来，中国扩大了基本医疗保险和福利的涵盖面；在农村地区推行免费的九年制义务教育，并取消了长达几个世纪的农业税。

　　然而，要做的事情还有很多。政府对农村地区的投入仍然过低，在国家养老金制度上尤为突出。如若不做出改变，不平等现象还会继续荼毒中国大地。西南财经大学的甘犁说：“如果我们完全依赖于经济发展，那么就无法真正消除不平等现象。”

　　此外，对于很多人来说，“收入不均在减少”的观点或许并非是显而易见的。财富不均（这里指人们所拥有的，相对于人们所赚取的）现象依旧严重。2015年的胡润富豪榜显示，中国（以美元计算）的亿万富翁（596人）要多过美国（537人）。今年初，北京大学所做的一项研究显示，金字塔尖1%的中国家庭控制着全国1/3的资产。

　　自2012年以来，中国的炫富现象就没那么多见了。不过跑车、豪华餐馆和奢华服饰店在大城市依然遍地都是。即便苹果手机进入农村显示出中国农村人口的收入正在增加，大城市里这些金钱堆砌起来的物质无时无刻都在提醒人们，一小撮城市精英是多么富有。（编译/文怡）

责任编辑：王浩成

文章关键词：
收入差距

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