Virtual reality may make the Museum of history-VR, virtual reality-IT information

Once, now, if we want to understand the world and wanted to touch it to the vicissitudes of the past, we only go to the Museum. However, the emergence of virtual reality, museums directly withdrawn from the stage of history. The writer is CEO of game development company Six to Start, on behalf of the game works is the Zombies,Run! 》。 He introduced to us in what way virtual reality will change our world, relationship with history.

On the "virtual reality will make the Museum from the stage of history", the first sign of Oculus Rift DK2 appeared last year, on that occasion, when I tried this product after they realised it can in the digital world, full replication will be the reality of image maps.

While the second sign is seen in the last month, when I went to visit the British Museum's exhibition of Sicily. This perfect, Silician it concerns Greece and Norman history fine show out. But the problem is, I don't see it.

It carried out of four days Hou, a Sunday of afternoon, I cheerfully to into Museum, but people is too more has, I must queued ticket, queued browse venues of distribution figure, queued to see a exhibits, but each exhibits I can see of time only several seconds, I slightly stop about, behind of people on Chung has up, I fear delay has others of time, so whole appreciate process just rush, or called scrawled of.

I was thinking maybe ... ... Is this a problem with the layout of the venue? Maybe ... ... They put too much in some corners of the exhibits, there are too many long glass cabinets against the wall? But that is not the crux of the problem, the designer has spent any of it, doing all they can do. Recall that this overcrowding, the rush of visitor experiences is not the first time.

Let us return to the true nature of the problem: when a show more successful, it attracted led higher popularity, popularity, the higher you carefully go wandering in the history of civilization in the river of time is shorter, you can fly.

So, naturally, we can't help but ask yourself this question:"Why can't we in virtual reality, the close, wide angle to enjoy antiques, just like you see in real life? Even in the best museums in the world, I do not have access to this kind of exhibition experience! 」

People are competing to enjoy the Rosetta Stone in the British Museum

Since 2010, I have access to the Museum more than 250 times, Museum of my first book and give me inspiration, I even had to develop games, to consult the British Museum, I even at the Design Museum, MOMA, V&A, and other places I exhibits. And I say: virtual reality will completely destroy the Museum.

Before I set out to prove this point, first of all, allow me to explain: the Museum's special place, what role it plays in society, play what role. Maybe it is those who believe that the Museum will not be replaced by virtual reality it is easy to think of Defense.

Each exhibition of the Museum to the article to give context

When you're in a Museum, they will tell you what that object was, where to find it, who created it, how to make, lots of content. And museums will pass "label", "timeline", "photos", "drawing", "model" and "some kind of interaction" to showcase on the connotation and significance of all of the works, sometimes also brought things to a group, you will see some sort of trend.

If you choose the right items in a room, then you can tell the story of a civilization, the above situation to take away, you are just living in a sprawling warehouse in; if you take these items away, you may be reading a book or watching TV. Exhibits is the link connecting our past, it allows us to imagine being able to open branches scattered leaves, let us touch the years.

However, many museums in providing "context" has done is not very good. Yes, limited budget, time constraints, various items of importance is too high, so when I was in the show often come across this picture:

The sword of the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge (but to be honest, anywhere in this museum you can see a variety of swords)

I can see there is no "context" weapons, they are not bad, they just don't belong to the Museum. This, of course, stocked with a variety of labels described above, but they appear to be so abrupt, messy, chaotic, can't keep article put some echo. If doing so is exhibition, museums can be directly fired commentator and visiting a shop of his own, on top shelf pick, pick some cool weapons, and all of their names, playing cards, just laid out would be nice.

There are many other exhibits in this Museum, the Museum is difficult to explain them very well, as musical instruments, there are times when the Museum had no choice but to let them become a quieter place, compared to others that are just shapes beautiful objects; there are also Museum can go a little bit, they will provide some sound clips. The Musical Instrument Museum in Brussels (Museum of musical instruments) are the best. Visitors with wireless headphones, just stand in front of a particular exhibit, headphones will play out the sounds of the instrument.

"Not to the article to give context" regrets at this is not optional, it is a museum exhibit is all about!

In fact, you could have a virtual reality technology can solve this problem. Arms exhibition, for example, if you provide some kind of interactive experience, explain, or animation, and comparing the different weapons together, their accuracy, range, load time, recoil, cost, at that time the popularity of a level I don't think no one would like this kind of exhibition. Of course, wear a virtual reality headset, took three minutes to experience shot is indeed interesting, but this is not the only solution.

Virtual reality's real value lies; it makes "situation given objects" were this simple. It brings together audiovisual experience in every way imaginable, but it will also add some new "situation", such as simulation and animation. Of course, this experience only to move the Museum to VR can get, you can't be in the Museum, in a booth wearing VR 5 minutes before, then run to the next Gallery wearing VR 5 minutes ... ...

In the Museum you can gain experience, can be obtained in the virtual reality world more perfect copy, or even rich, in addition to "touch" and "sniff" out.

Traveling in northern Sudan

Virtual reality brought an unprecedented shock and Telepresence

On "how to reshape the Museum virtual reality", said most of the discussion at on how to "visitors" to teleport to another world. Not surprisingly, this is precisely the most special place in virtual reality, however, many opponents of VR will also find their objections: this thing looks more like a virtual reality games or movies, it seems to have nothing to do with education programs.

But who said games and movies can't affect the education people? And I would like to talk about "immersive sense of" how to browse the exhibits at the Museum have a completely different experience. Earlier this year, my first visit to Egypt, several Tomb in Luxor turned a week. This is my first time in the most authentic and original environment to enjoy them. So to speak, all I see in the Museum, completely unable to equate with the trip, when I was standing in the British Museum, I cannot figure out how the statues of Sekhmet is huge, and I don't know how much wall paintings in the Temple have a strong sense of epic. History of 4,000 years ago, a lot of that feeling, history museum can give.

Medinet Habu, Luxor

Museum is to restore something, such as tables, rooms, etc, but it cannot be restored to a town, a city, a piece of the sky. Which is why study ancient Egypt teacher students had to go to Egypt and see reason.

All of this, VR can do it, maybe just for a few minutes the feeling of total immersion, can make you feel like "you're there", it's enough to make you gain access to the history is completely different from other people's opinions and experiences.

But even if humans come up with the best technology, virtual reality is not a panacea, it has its own limitations ... ...

Once I met in Genoa, enter the S518 Nazario Sauro submarine Interior, I saw a super, Super Mini is the mini bathroom bedroom, I put my head into the torpedo tube, I had not read a book on submarines, or what a model, when I'm inside the submarine!

But for me to tell the truth, I really haven't learned anything from the tour. Except that "small submarine inside a variety of everything", and doesn't know what is. Why is this happening?

Oh, Yes! This is a submarine!

As it is in Italy, I don't have a Museum of the labels I can read to understand. Without them, I don't have a lot of very important information. Submarines became an exciting and strange, but very mysterious objects. To get rid of superficial level, you need someone to introduce next, tell you where to look, what things can be overlooked. Whether you're in the Museum or in the submarine, wherever you are in the real world or in the virtual world, you need a guide, a guide.

So I also have doubts about virtual reality, without explanation, except your eyes rises a magnificent Grand picture after another, what? But the Grand images at least acted as the lead role, at least with people getting started, once museums also play a role in this area, but virtual reality will be more perfect.

Another advantage of virtual reality: on the Internet at marginal cost is 0 for large-scale dissemination

Public financial support, or let a billionaire money day attracts a lot of visitors come to the Museum, halls can receive thousands of people every day, the problem is that the reception capacity of the Museum is a quantitative. British Museum reception is 7 million people a year, how its reception capacity by 10 times? It is almost inconceivable thing, what is needed is rather a lot of money.

But on the other hand, the Internet itself has "infinite growth in scale" properties, Youtube visitors browsing costs, as well as the marginal cost of App downloads is roughly equal to 0. A telling Japan history videos, free of charge, free to watch, enjoy its people a month, is much more than a year to Japan's people. If combined with the virtual reality on the Web, this ability to receive unlimited, marginal cost is close to 0 technology, will no doubt give the Museum was sentenced to a suspended death sentence.

You can be collected from everywhere around the world in the eyes of your best, most important exhibits, if visitors do not like on the line, it's not a big deal, because they see no see no change in cost. More importantly, we can use Internet technology to track visitor behavior, and more precisely to discover the preferences of visitors, and threw away the questionnaire now! You can swim in them in the virtual reality world of anytime, anywhere to watch their every move, these will evolve into a data show. You can like Facebook and Google to do some AB testing, use to continuously enhance the visitors ' experience.

In such situations, it is hard to imagine the reality of the Museum also has the ability to Parry hit back.

On the commercialization of virtual reality Museum

Remember that I mentioned before that weapon tried in virtual reality experience? May have to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars to get this thing up, the Museum, completely beyond their budget, they are also "interactive experience", such as touch screens, but also tens of thousands of dollars. For a well capitalized businesses, however, gave the world such an experience, rather than a city, which hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of money is well spent.

Netflix now continues to increase investment in original content development, and their influence to cover the world. This year, they were ready to spend $ 150 million to do ten seasons made the play of the Crown. No TV in the world to have such a hand to bash so big a budget. If the museum world now "Netflix" ready to spend 50 million dollars to create a single virtual reality Exhibition Hall, everyone around the world can enter the watch, it will have the ability to make the world's best instructors, experts and scholars, artists and designers. Both The Met and the Louvre or the British Museum is no match!

We also have reason to look forward to Facebook, Google, Amazon, these three companies to invest in developing virtual reality Museum project is similar, they crave attention and clout, and a museum-style teaching experience is the perfect way.

Now talk about "Netflix for the virtual reality" is a bit too early, after all the consumers with high-end virtual reality headset for less than 1 million people. But we imagine that in a short span of 20 years, we've seen the Internet completely destroyed the news industry, we also have reason to believe that virtual reality will in a short period of time to the Museum's huge impact on the industry.

I don't know how most of the Museum will survive, world's most famous Museum of those still alive, of course, but even they are also moving away from talk of the Center. Era of virtual reality is going to come, our eyes, ears, body, heart, and mind ready!

To be honest, my expectations of this infinite ... ...

虚拟现实技术可能让博物馆成为历史 - VR,虚拟现实 - IT资讯

曾经，包括现在，如果我们想要了解这个世界，想要触摸它那沧桑的过去，我们只有去博物馆。然而，虚拟现实的出现，直接让博物馆退出了历史舞台。本文作者是游戏开发公司Six to Start的CEO，其代表游戏作品是《Zombies，Run！》。他给我们介绍了虚拟现实将以怎样的方式改变我们跟世界、跟历史的关系。

关于「虚拟现实将让博物馆退出历史舞台」，第一个迹象就是去年Oculus Rift DK2出现，那一次，当我试戴了这款产品之后终于意识到：它能够在数字世界中将现实中的影像完全复制映射过来。

而第二个迹象是出现在上个月，当我去访问大英博物馆的Sicily展览的时候。这次展览堪称完美，它把Silician有关希腊和诺曼历史的内容精美展现了出来。但是问题是，我看不到它。

它开展的四天后，一个星期日的下午，我兴致勃勃地进入博物馆，但人实在太多了，我必须排队检票，排队浏览场馆的分布图，排队去看一个个展品，但是每个展品我能看的时间只有几秒钟，我稍微驻足一下，后面的人就涌了上来，我生怕耽误了别人的时间，所以整个欣赏过程只是匆忙，或者称之为潦草的。

我当时想，也许……是这个场馆的布局有问题呢？也许……他们在某些角落里放了太多的展品，有太多长长的玻璃柜子靠着墙摆放？但这其实并不是问题的核心，设计师已经花费了所有的心思，做了所有他们能做的。回想一下，其实这样拥挤、匆忙的观展体验已经不是第一次了。

让我们回归问题的本来面目：当一个展览越是成功，它所吸引拉动的人气也就越高，人气越高，那么你能够精心去徜徉在历史文明长河中的时间也就越短，你就只能走马观花。

所以，自然而然的，我们不禁会问自己这样一个问题：「为什么我们不能在虚拟现实中，近距离的，全角度的去欣赏古玩，正如你在现实生活中看到的一样？即使在世界上最棒的博物馆中，我都无法获得这样的观展体验啊！」

大英博物馆人们竞相欣赏罗塞塔石的情景

自从2010年，我已经访问博物馆不下250次，我的第一本书也是博物馆给我的灵感，我甚至还为了开发游戏，向大英博物馆咨询，我甚至还在Design Museum、MOMA、V&A等地方有我的展品。而我此时要说：虚拟现实将彻底摧毁博物馆。

在我开始证明这个观点之前，首先允许我解释一下博物馆的特殊之处，它究竟在社会中扮演着怎样的角色，发挥着怎样的作用。也许这是那些认为博物馆不会被虚拟现实所取代的人很容易想到的辩词。

博物馆的各个展馆给物品赋予情境

当你在博物馆，他们会告诉你这个物品是干什么的，在哪里找到它的，谁制造的它，怎么制造的，等等很多内容。而且博物馆还会通过「标签」、「时间线」、「照片」、「绘画」、「模型」以及「某种互动方式」来展现有关这个作品的全部内涵和意义，有些时候还会特意把一些东西归为一组，这样你会看到某种演变趋势。

如果你选取了正确的物品，那么你就可以在一个房间中讲述一个文明的故事，将上述的情境给拿开，你只不过是身处一间杂乱的仓库中；如果把这些物品拿走，也许你只是在读一本书或者看电视。展品是连接我们过去的纽带，它让我们的想象能够开枝散叶，让我们能够触摸到岁月。

但是，很多博物馆在提供「情境」上面做的并不是很好。是啊，预算有限、时间紧迫、各种物品的重要程度难分高下，所以，我在观展的时候往往会遇到这样的画面：

剑桥的Fitzwilliam博物馆的剑（但说实话，在这个馆内任何地方你都能看到各种的剑）

我所看到的是没有「情境」的武器，它们并不是不好的，它们只是不属于这个博物馆。当然，这上面摆放着各种标签介绍，但是它们的出现是如此的突兀，凌乱，无序，也无法跟物品的摆放产生某种呼应。要是这么做就是展览的话，博物馆完全可以把讲解员给直接开除掉，然后自己前往某个商店，在货架上面挑挑拣拣，就选一些看上去比较酷炫的武器，然后把它们的名字、日期全部打成卡片，就这样摆出来就好了嘛。

在这个博物馆里还有很多其他的展品，馆方很难很好地解释它们，正如乐器，有些时候博物馆只好让它们成为一个安静的摆件儿，让别人看来只不过是形状比较好看的物体而已；还有一些博物馆稍微能走心一点的，他们会提供某些声音片段。而布鲁塞尔的Musical Instrument Museum（乐器博物馆）做的是最棒的了。访客带着无线耳机，只要站在某个特定的展品跟前，耳机里面就会播放出这个乐器所发出的声音。

「无法给物品赋予情境」，这可不是可有可无的缺憾，它简直就是博物馆展览的全部意义所在！

其实，你完全可以不用虚拟现实技术就能解决这个问题。就比如说武器展览吧，如果提供某种互动式的体验，一段讲解，又或者是动画演示，将不同的武器放在一起进行对比，让它们在准确度、射程、上膛时间、后座力、造价、当时社会的流行度等方面分个高低，我想没有人会不喜欢这样的展览的。当然，戴上虚拟现实的头戴设备，花上三分钟时间体验一下开枪也的确有趣，可是这并不是唯一的解决方案。

虚拟现实的真正价值就在于；它让「把情境赋予物体」这件工作变得简单了。它集合了所有能够想象得到的视听体验方式，而且还会在上面添加一些全新的「情境」，比如模拟和动画。当然，这样的体验只有将整个博物馆都搬到VR里才能获得，你不可能在博物馆里，在一个展台前戴上VR 5分钟，然后跑到下一个展区再戴上VR 5分钟……

所有你在博物馆中能够获得的体验，都能在虚拟现实世界中获得更加完美的复制，甚至是丰富，除了「触摸」和「嗅闻」之外。

在苏丹北部穿行

虚拟现实给人们带来了前所未有的震撼和临场感

有关「虚拟现实该如何重塑博物馆」，大部分的讨论内容都是在说如何将「访客」瞬移到另外的一个世界里。这不奇怪，这恰恰是虚拟现实最特别的地方，但是，很多反对VR的人也会从此找到他们的反对理由：虚拟现实这种东西看上去更像是游戏或者电影，它好像跟教育项目没有什么关系。

但是，谁说游戏和电影就不能感化人教育人？而我更想谈谈「身临其境之感」跟在博物馆浏览展品有着怎样完全不同的体验。今年年初，我第一次访问埃及，在Luxor的好几个墓转了一个星期。这是我第一次在最为真实、原始的环境中去欣赏它们。这么说吧，在博物馆里曾经我所看到的一切，完全不能跟这次旅行相提并论，当我站在大英博物馆中，我完全无法搞清楚Sekhmet的雕像是怎样的巨大，我也不知道寺庙中的墙绘画具有多么强烈的史诗感。那种4000年前的历史扑面而来的感觉，历史博物馆给不了。

Medinet Habu, Luxor

博物馆是可以还原一些东西，比如桌子、房间等等，但是它无法还原一个城镇，一座城市，一片天空。这也是为什么研究古埃及的老师学生必须前往埃及亲眼看一看的原因。

这一切，VR都能办到，也许只是几分钟的完全沉浸之感，都能让你觉得「你就在那儿」，这已经足够让你获得对历史完全不同于其他人的见解和体验了。

但就算人类拿出最棒的科技出来，虚拟现实也不是灵丹妙药，它也有它自身的局限性……

曾经我在Genoa开会，有幸进入了S518 Nazario Sauro潜艇的内部，我见识到了超迷你的厕所、超迷你的卧室、我把自己的头伸进了鱼雷管道里，我当时可不是在读一本关于潜艇的书，或者看什么模型，当时我可是就在潜艇内部！

但是如果让我说实话的话，我真的从这次参观中没有学到什么东西。除了知道「潜水艇里面各种东西都很小之外」，还是什么都不知道。为什么会这样？

是啊！这就是一艘潜艇！

因为这是在意大利，我没有博物馆的那些标签可以供我阅读，了解。没有了它们，我就没有了很多非常重要的信息。潜水艇成为了一种令人兴奋，奇怪，却又十分神秘的物体。为了摆脱肤浅的认知水平，你需要一个人在旁边做介绍，告诉你现在该看哪儿，你什么东西是可以忽略掉的。不管你是在博物馆还是在潜水艇中，不管你是在现实世界还是在虚拟世界中，你都需要一名向导，一名讲解员。

所以我本人也是对虚拟现实有所疑虑的，如果没有讲解，你的眼前除了升起一个又一个壮丽宏伟的景象之外，还有什么呢？但这种宏伟的图像最起码充当了领路人的作用，起码能带人们入门，曾经博物馆也起到这方面作用，但是虚拟现实将它更完美化了。

虚拟现实的另外一个优势：在互联网上以边际成本为0进行规模化传播

有公共财政作支持，又或者是让亿万富翁掏腰包，博物馆每天都吸引大量的访客前来，大厅每天都能接待数以千计的人，问题在于，博物馆的接待能力是一个定量。每年大英博物馆的接待人数是700万人，怎样让它的接待能力提升十倍？这简直是无法想象的事，所需要的资金是一个天文数字。

而另一方面，互联网本身就有着「无限规模化增长」的属性，Youtube的访客浏览成本，以及App下载的边际成本约等于0。一款讲述日本历史的视频，免费派发，免费观看，一个月能欣赏到它的人，要远远多于一年内前往日本的人。如果将互联网跟虚拟现实结合上，这种接待能力无上限，边际成本接近于0的技术，毫无疑问会给博物馆判了死缓。

你可以从世界各地到处去搜集在你眼中最棒的，最重要的展品，如果线上的访客不喜欢，这没什么大不了的，因为它们看不看并不带来成本上的变化。更重要的是，我们可以利用互联网科技来跟踪这些访客的行为，从而更加精准地去发现访客的喜好，扔掉调查问卷吧！你可以在他们畅游虚拟现实世界的过程中，随时随地地去观察他们的一举一动，这些都会化为数据显现出来。你可以像Facebook和Google一样去做一些AB测试，借此来不断地提升访客们的观赏体验。

在这样的情景下，你很难想象现实中的博物馆还有什么招架还手的能力。

关于虚拟现实博物馆的商业化进程

还记得我之前所提到的虚拟现实中武器的尝试体验吗？也许得花上几十万美金才能把这个东西搞起来，这对于博物馆来说，完全超出了它们的预算，它们也是有“互动体验项目”的，比如触摸屏，但是也不过几万美金而已。但是对于一家资本充裕的商业公司来说，把这样的体验带给全世界，而不是一座城市，这几十万美金的小钱还是花得起的。

Netflix现在不断地加大对原创内容的投入开发力度，并将自己的影响力覆盖到全世界。在今年，他们准备花1亿5千万美金做十季的自制剧《王冠》。这个世界上没有哪一个电视台能有这样的手笔来砸这么大的一笔预算出来。如果现在博物馆界的「Netflix」能够花上5000万美金打造一个单独的虚拟现实展厅，全世界每一个人都能进入观赏，那么它将有能力请到全世界最优秀的讲解员、专家学者、艺术家、设计师。不管是The Met、Louvre、还是大英博物馆都无法与之匹敌！

我们同样有理由期待Facebook、Google、Amazon这三家公司能够投资开发与之类似的虚拟现实博物馆项目，它们渴求的是注意力和影响力，而一个博物馆式的教学体验就是非常完美的途径。

现在谈起「虚拟现实界的Netflix」实在有点儿言之尚早，毕竟现在拥有高端虚拟现实头戴设备的消费者还不到100万人。但是我们这样试想一下，在短短的二十年时间里，我们已经看到互联网彻底摧毁了新闻业，那么我们也有理由相信虚拟现实会在很短时间内给博物馆行业带来巨大的冲击。

我不知道绝大多数的博物馆将如何存活下去，当然世界最著名的那些博物馆还会健在，但是就算是它们也会逐渐远离人们谈论的话题中心。虚拟现实的时代马上就要来临，我们的眼、耳、身、心、意已经做好了准备！

说实话，我对此无限期待……