Chinese trainees in Japan were oppressed: sexual harassment, unpaid overtime | trainees | _ sexual harassment | Japan News

> Trainees in Japan Fisheries, agriculture and construction work in lower-paid, dirty, tired. For trainees scarred hands (video)

> Chinese trainees in Japan is for low-end workers, engaged in salmon salt upon simple work/Xin Hua international

Legal evening news (reporters Li Shixiang) a disclosure of Japanese employers oppress Chinese trainees in Japan TV show much concern lately.

According to Xinhua, the controversial program, a Chinese woman who tells them the trainees are Japanese employers press, situation of sexual harassment.

Chinese in Japan of Chinese trainees said Lu Pengren, some trainees "like life in prison", forbidden compound alone, almost the same with previous labour, only five more days of rest and a small range of free activities. However, some Japanese Internet users think the content is false: "Japanese not exploitation, exploitation of China, Japan, Chinese trainees. ”

Japan Asia News Bureau Chief Xu Jingbo yesterday told the legal evening news (app ID:fzwb_52165216) said in an interview with reporters, trainees in Japan, the overall situation is not like a TV series seen as a white collar by Sotheby's in the Office.

He told reporters that the trainees system is a system of labor imports in Japan. These people in Japan's fisheries, agriculture and construction industries in the Japanese to do low paid "3K" work that is dangerous, dirty and tired.

　　Encounter press

　　Engaged in the dangerous, dirty hard low-end jobs are cameras to monitor

Japan's system of trainees, namely receiving system for foreign workers in Japan is, in fact, developed to address population ageing, labour shortages and a workaround. Japan in 1981 to confirm "foreign trainees" residence qualification, established in 1993, alien skill training system, that people in the developing world in Japan after the end of the Enterprise contract, learn technique while working, a maximum of 3 years. Chinese in Japan will generally be trainees and interns referred to as trainees.

Trainees in fact as a low-end workers, most of them learn what special skills. Xinhua reporters in Hokkaido seafood processing plants and dairy farms, Chinese trainees are engaged in salmon was salt, milking, cleaning the barn and other simple jobs.

Chinese in Japan, Lee said, the show is telling the truth. His friends in Kagawa Prefecture Takamatsu, a mobile phone factory to receive trainees as a translator, I have often heard similar situation. Trainees not only with official Japanese employees in pay gap is huge, there are also subjected to sexual harassment, often unpaid overtime. There was a female trainees to call Chinese in Japan, sobbed out her abuse.

She said, he secretly made a phone call, found by the Japanese boss. Trainees are often monitored by cameras. Some female trainees reflect their quarters also have a camera.

Japan's Health Ministry figures showed August 2016, 2015 5,173 surveyed Japanese employers employing foreign trainees, 70% violation of labor standards or the occupational safety and health law and other laws. Jiji said Japan, due to labor shortages in Japan, foreign trainees this "cheap labour" seems increasingly, foreigners are not familiar with Japan's malignant employ universal in the weakness of labor law.

　　Talk to

　　Contracts are unfair to domestic intermediate high deposit

According to the understanding of the Chinese trainees in Japan said Chinese Lu Pengren, trainees are "high income" fudge, contracts are very unfair. Many trainees are not clear about the specific provisions of the contract, some contracts were days away he don't even have a voucher. Chinese want to go to Japan as trainees, usually to domestic intermediaries make their fees and deposit, if you fail to fulfill the contract, to pay a significant premium for breach of contract. Even returning as scheduled, security deposit may also get back.

Another Chinese in Japan of Chinese trainees Mr Jiang said trainees had been fooled when it comes to Japan to earn a lot of money, but the reality is that both learn technology and saving money. Some Chinese trainees sick Japanese exploitation by employers, "the only way out is to escape". Trainees low salaries, many Japanese lived in remote and rarely, entertainment, and poor in spiritual life. It was under heavy pressure to their demise. A Chinese trainees in 2013 in Hiroshima an Oyster processing plant cutters and shovels killed after the Director and an employee, injuring 6 people, self-mutilation and oyster processing tools with a spade.

Jiang also mentioned the trainees the pension problem. He said that if trainees in Japan not to join the pension system or joined but not linking up with domestic, it will affect their lives. From the national point of view, when one young used by foreign Governments, getting back to social welfare, how this account is at a loss.

　　Behind the secret

　　Agriculture and fishery labour shortage to employ trainees supported

Japan's Asia News Bureau Chief Xu Jingbo said, in fisheries, agriculture and construction industries, due to labor shortages in Japan, coupled with small population, the village of rural labor force in Japan, so in need of cheap labor. On behalf of these trainees had come to Japan to learn Japanese technology, but in fact they are Japan's most original and most strenuous labor, such as growing vegetables in the fields, kill fish in the aquaculture company, or on construction sites engaged in manual work.

Xu Jingbo said cheap labor does have a lot of problems. For example, trainees cannot enjoy the benefits of employees, often only half of the employees, or be two-thirds. Even got the official payroll two-thirds, dispatch agents to charge management fees in the country, while Japan dispatched and managed industry association to charge a handling fee. So, in fact, the money in the hands of the trainees, under the current situation only 80,000-100,000 yen, or up to 6000 Yuan.

Moreover, these trainees are not employees and therefore could not enjoy the most basic treatment of alien employees, including health care and social security. Chinese concept of five insurance payments are not entitled to. In addition, the original trainees can work in Japan for one year, due to labour shortages in Japan can now work in Japan for three years. But even years, after the expiry of these employees cannot stay in Japan.

The legal daily (app ID:fzwb_52165216) reporter learned that, according to Japan's Health Ministry data showed January 27, at the end of October 2016, trainees in Japan more than 210,000 people, an increase of 25.4%, and they support Japan's agriculture and fisheries. Japan's House of representatives on October 25 last year by the Aliens Bill of skill internship system standardization and the refugee determination and immigration management Amendment Act. Aimed at improving trainees pay, which adds a new status-"care". Japanese media that this will significantly expand the foreign nurses, ease the Super aging society present situation of serious shortage of nursing staff.

However, Sapporo law society's lawyer, yeheng pig pointed out that the Japanese Government will care, construction, the first Japanese kept a job, such as getting foreigners to do, it should at least let foreign trainees and employees at the same wage and prohibiting intermediaries to extract.

　　Protection of rights and interests

　　See the agreements avoid overbearing clause was unfair treatment complaint rights

Xu Jingbo recommends that trainees before coming to Japan, crucially with China sending Agency signed an agreement, there is also need to see their rights. After coming to Japan, while employers will no longer sign a specific agreement, but Japan industry regulators and associations signed agreements with the trainees. Therefore, in the case of Japanese not versed in, need to find people who understand Japanese to help explain some detrimental to their own terms of the King, including calculation of overtime, work accidents, must be clear, to create as much as possible in accordance with Japanese law and labour law conditions to communicate with them.
Xu Jingbo said that in case of unfair treatment in Japan, such as accidents, for example, employers and business organizations take an evasive attitude, trainees can contribute to the local labour authority (Government body specifically management of labor and personnel) to appeal. Even if you don't understand Japanese, provide relevant written material, by the labour inspection also asked people to deal with. Labor supervision supervision employer or industry associations to take the complaints seriously.
Meanwhile, trainees can also provide specialized assistance to foreigners in Japan trade union organizations and lawyers ' groups complain. In addition, the encountered events should be promptly communicated to the Embassy or Consulate to seek government protection. In General, no matter what the situation, unable to swallow, especially when it comes to sexual harassment and occupational accidents, must go through the normal legal procedures, find local groups of police or lawyers to help. Even if employers ignore Japanese law would punish such behavior.
After the trainees have had greater influence upon the case. A Japanese employer harassment of Chinese trainees. After exposure to things, farmers will be expelled from trainees. And the trainees to seek help from local labour inspection and law, both sides fought a lawsuit. His trainees eventually won and received some compensation. The case is worth considering.

Text/reporter Li Shixiang

>: Tang Liu Guangbo

Article keywords:
Trainees of sexual harassment in Japan

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Legal evening news

中国研修生在日本遭欺压：受性骚扰，无偿加班|研修生|性骚扰|日本_新闻资讯
>研修生在日本渔业、农业和建筑行业从事低薪、脏、累工作。图为研修生伤痕累累的手（视频截图）
>中国研修生在日本实为低端劳动者，从事往鲑鱼身上抹盐等简单工作 图/新华国际

　　法制晚报讯（记者 黎史翔） 日本一档披露日本雇主欺压中国研修生的电视节目近来颇受关注。

　　据新华社报道，在这档引起争议的节目中，一名中国女子诉说她们这些研修生被日本雇主压榨、性骚扰的境遇。

　　了解中国研修生情况的在日华人鲁蓬人说，有的研修生“就像生活在监狱中”，被禁止独自出大院，与过去的劳工相差无几，只是多了个休息日和小范围的自由活动区。不过，一些日本网民认为节目内容是假的：“日本人不可能剥削，应该是中国人在日本剥削中国研修生。”

　　日本亚洲通讯社社长徐静波昨日接受《法制晚报》（微信ID：fzwb_52165216）记者采访时称，研修生在日本总体状况并不是像电视剧里面看到的作为一个白领风风光光坐在办公室。

　　他告诉记者，研修生制度其实是日本的劳务进口的制度。这些人在日本的渔业、农业和建筑行业从事日本人不愿干的低薪“3K”工作，即危险、脏、累。

　　遭遇压榨

　　从事危险、脏累低端工作 往往被摄像头监控

　　日本研修生制度，即日本接收外国劳动者的制度，实质是国外发达国家政府为解决人口老龄化、劳动力不足而采取的一种变通方法。日本1981年确认“外国人研修生”在留资格，1993年设立外国人技能实习制度，即发展中国家的人在日本研修结束后，可与企业签合同，边劳动边学习技术，最长3年。在日华人一般将研修生和技能实习生统称为研修生。

　　研修生实际上作为低端劳动者，大多学不到什么特殊技能。新华社记者在北海道水产品加工厂和养牛场看到，中国研修生从事的是往鲑鱼身上抹盐、挤牛奶、清扫牛棚等简单工作。

　　在日华人李先生说，这个节目说的是事实。他的朋友在香川县高松市一家接收研修生的手机厂当翻译，经常听到类似情况。研修生不仅在薪酬方面与正式的日本员工差距巨大，有的还遭受性骚扰、经常无偿加班。曾有一名女研修生给在日华人打电话，哭诉自己遭受虐待。

　　她说，自己偷偷打来电话，怕被日本老板发现。研修生往往被摄像头监控。有些女研修生反映，她们的宿舍也有摄像头。

　　日本厚生劳动省2016年8月公布的数据显示，在2015年被调查的5173家雇用外国研修生的日本雇主中，七成违反劳动基准法或劳动安全卫生法等法律。日本时事社评论称，由于日本劳动力短缺，对外国研修生这种“廉价劳动力”的需求量越来越大，利用外国人不熟悉日本劳动法的弱点恶性雇用成为普遍状态。

　　忽悠而来

　　所签合同大多不公平 国内中介收高额押金

　　据了解中国研修生情况的在日华人鲁蓬人说，研修生都是被“高收入”忽悠而来，所签合同大多非常不公平。而不少研修生并不清楚合同的具体规定，有人的合同都被日方收走了，自己连凭证都没有。中国人要想去日本当研修生，通常要向国内中介交高额手续费和押金，如果未能履行合同，要支付高额违约金。即使如期回国，押金也可能要不回来。

　　另外一位了解中国研修生情况的在日华人姜先生说，研修生当初被忽悠说到日本能挣大钱，但现实是既学不到技术也攒不下钱。有些中国研修生实在受不了日本雇主的压榨，感觉“唯一的出路就是逃离”。而研修生工资低，很多住的偏僻且基本不会日语，娱乐等精神生活贫乏。有人在重压下走上绝路。一名中国研修生2013年在广岛县一家牡蛎加工厂用刀具和铁锹打死社长和一名员工、打伤6人后，用铁锹和牡蛎加工工具自残。

　　姜先生还提到研修生的养老问题。他说，如果研修生在日本期间没加入年金体系，或加入了但不能与国内的衔接，就会影响其老年生活。从国家角度来看，一个人年轻力壮时为外国政府所用，上年纪后回国享受社会福利，这个账怎么算都亏本。

　　揭秘背后

　　农业及渔业劳动力短缺 日雇用研修生支撑

　　日本亚洲通讯社社长徐静波称，在渔业、农业和建筑这些行业，由于日本劳动力比较短缺，加上日本农村、渔村的劳动力人口不多，所以急需廉价劳动力。这些研修生名义上是到日本来学习日本的技术，但是实际上他们所从事的是日本最原始、也是最艰苦的劳动，例如在农田里种菜，在水产公司里杀鱼，或是在建筑工地从事体力劳动。

　　徐静波称，这些廉价劳动力确实存在很多问题。例如研修生不能享受正式员工的待遇，收入往往只有正式员工的一半，或者是三分之二。即便是拿到了正式员工工资的三分之二，国内的派遣机构要收取管理费用，而日本派遣和管理的行业协会也要收取手续费。因此，实际上到研修生手里的钱，按照目前行情只有8万-10万日元，也就是最多只有6000块人民币。

　　此外，由于这些研修生并不是正式员工，因此不能享受外国人正式员工的最基本待遇，包括医疗和社会保障。也就是中国概念的五险一金都不享受。此外，原来规定研修生只能在日本工作一年，现在日本由于劳动力短缺可以在日本工作三年。但是即便工作年限延长了，这些员工在期满后还是不能留在日本。

　　《法制晚报》（微信ID：fzwb_52165216）记者了解到，根据日本厚生劳动省1月27日公布的数据显示，截至2016年10月底，在日研修生超过21万人，同比增长25.4%，他们支撑着日本的农业及渔业。日本众议院去年10月25日通过《外国人技能实习制度规范化法案》和《出入国管理及难民认定法修正案》。前者旨在改善研修生工资待遇，后者增添了一项新的在留资格——“护理”。日本媒体认为，这将推动外国护理人员大幅增加，缓解超老龄化日本社会护理人员严重不足的现状。

　　不过，札幌律师会的律师猪野亨指出，日本政府将护理、建筑、第一产业等日本人敬而远之的工作都让外国人来干，至少应该让外国研修生与日本员工处于同一工资水平并禁止中介榨取。

　　权益保障

　　看清协议避免霸王条款 遭不公正待遇申诉维权

　　徐静波建议，研修生在来日本之前，最关键的是与国内派遣机构签署协议，此外还需要把自己的权益看清楚。来到日本之后，虽然日本雇主不会再签署具体协议，但是日本行业管理机构和相关协会会与研修生签署相关协议。因此，在日语不精通的情况下，需要找懂日语的人帮忙解释清楚，有些不利于自己的霸王条款，包括加班费的计算、工伤事故的处理等都必须明确，尽量要创造符合日本法律和相关劳动法的条件来跟他们进行沟通。
徐静波表示，万一在日本受到了不公正待遇，例如出现工伤事故等，雇主和工商管理机构如果采取逃避的态度，研修生可以向日本当地的劳动监督所（专门管理劳动人事的政府机构）进行申诉。即便自己不懂日语，提供相关的书面材料后，劳动监督所也会请相关人士出面处理。劳动监督所会监督雇主或是行业协会来认真对待申诉。
同时，研修生还可以向日本专门援助外国人的工会组织和律师团体提出申诉。此外，遇到大事要及时向大使馆或是领事馆通报，寻求政府的保护。总体来讲，不管遇到什么情况，都不能忍气吞声，尤其是遇到性骚扰和工伤事故，一定要通过正常的法律程序办理，寻找当地的警察或是律师团体帮助。即便雇主置之不理，日本的法律也会惩治这些行为。
此前中国研修生有过影响比较大的案例。一名日本雇主性骚扰中国研修生。事情暴露后，农场主将研修生开除。而这名研修生向当地劳动监督所和律师寻求帮助，双方打了一场官司。这名研修生最终胜诉并获得了一定的赔偿。这一案例很值得参考。

　　文/记者 黎史翔

>责任编辑：刘光博

文章关键词：
研修生 性骚扰 日本

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