A large number of coins "mine" Tibetan mountains in Sichuan Province: electricity cheap here-currency-IT information
In the mysterious world of coins, there is a special link--"dig". As its name suggests, is like mining to "dig up" coins, "mining machines" gathering place was known as "mine".
The daily economic news reporter noted that, because of cost savings and convenience of electricity and other considerations, bitcoin financial things in this world now and some remote mountainous intersection of the small town of China, and to some extent changed the lives of locals.
In mabian Yi Autonomous County, Sichuan province, tens of thousands of bitcoin mine machine "hidden" in several hydropower station in mountainous areas, the clock "dig" basis. Some local residents as "mine" and "proximity" to know nothing about digital currencies layman, became coins fans.
However, even if hidden deep in the mountains, where the changes in the market is very concerned about the outside world. After all, if you want to play with coins, is definitely not behind closed doors. Recently, due to China's Central Bank to tighten regulatory policies have a significant impact on the currency market, reporters identified during the visit, some in mabian Yi Autonomous County residents, supervision of the Chinese Central Bank's latest policy very well.
Site: room blew in "Storm"
Starting from Leshan city, drove 3.5 hours, all the way through the twisting mountain road, the reporter finally came to day network science and technology limited company (hereinafter Ka network) is located in mabian Yi Autonomous County of the bitcoin "mine". Along the line, many lots were full of mud and obstacles, only high chassis off road vehicles to get through.
Is located next to the tributary of the dadu River in the days of the original group of bajiao River hydropower station, was the network's biggest currency "field" is located. This reporter has learned, saving cost of laying cables and electric convenience considerations, bitcoin is "mine" are built directly inside the hydropower station.
Open the "mine" room, huge wave of rushing. Thousands of mines while running cooling fan noise feels like falling into an angry hive-volume up to 95 DB-equipment room, thousands of ASIC chips are working, operation crack "hash puzzle" and receive an award coins.
As a virtual numeric currency, coins produced through intensive computing for specific programs, this process is the "miners" are called "mining". "Dig" is actually using the computer to crack a billing-related math problems-"hash puzzle." Mining machines 24 hours a hash collision, compete for the right to block chain accounting. Who accounts, generate a bit of currency return who.
Next to the mine machine buzzing, dozens of fans-industrial night work – placement of thousands of mines are carefully designed and formed a large "outlets" so great wind blowing all mine, better heat dissipation.
"This room has nearly 1500 mine machines, is one of our biggest room, could dig nearly 10 coins each day. "In the engine room, Tian Jia network" mine "operational monitor El Chino shouting to reporters of the daily news. However, since noise is too loud, he said in many cases it is difficult to discern.
Outside the room, several "miners" being squatted on the ground with an electric hair dryer to the mine machine cleaning. According to the rules, "miners" every 1 hour a patrol the room, day and night constantly, so as to find out the ore line, overheating of machine and fix it. Conversation between several "miners" are communicating recent currency market as well as the new batch of mine machine performance.
From the "field" of less than 200 meters, the mabian he is quiet. Yi primary school in hillside, many will happily run on the road. The lush forest of the mountains, walking in, a sense of magical reality a lot--this remote area in southern Sichuan counties, has now given way to the forefront of virtual currency entity that provides a solid support.
Apart from the banana River "mine" the day network in mabian Yi Autonomous County also has three smaller "mine". Reporter for the daily news discovered during field visits, each "field" is located within the hydropower station, which is over 1.5 hours by car, during which many winding narrow mountain roads, some places could only hold a sport utility vehicle to pass. In many cases, El Chino is a few "mine" between visits.
"Where price cheap to go"
Network in mabian Yi Autonomous County, "mines", just the currency, "mine" crowd a microcosm of the Southwest mountains. Apart from the mabian Yi Autonomous County, more coins "mine" located in another town next to the river – Wassily Kandinsky.
"Good coins" COO Wu Guanggeng told the business daily reporters now in kangding, with coins "mine" more than 20, almost on the ground forming a chain. There, even the courier's brother, bitcoin development is also very understanding of the industry.
With French kangding, in mabian Yi Autonomous County of coins "mine" more and more, from 2015, Sichuan China currency sales have rushed to the mine machine first, nearly as much as 30% per cent of total Chinese. It is reported that the world's biggest seller of ore coins machine, only in two cities in the world, with service points, kangding is one of them.
"Mine" gathered, many coins of "offline communication Salon" "miners Exchange Conference" also came to the cities--Chengdu, capital of Sichuan. The participants, both from the Government sector, and also from small and medium sized hydropower station, industry circle in the process of forming.
Bitcoin "mine" why the Sichuan mountains "a soft spot in my heart"?
El Chino pointed out that significant because of lower electricity costs. Mine operation requires a lot of electricity, electricity became "mine" operations the most important expenses. Bitcoin is "mine" construction in big cities like Beijing, prices can be twice times in remote areas. In addition, in the city, and round-the-clock noise of the machine is difficult to deal with.
El Chino said, "is very famous in the industry ' baoerye ' original concept – is rich in hydropower resources in Sichuan, in abundant water power used up, glistening Silver into water. So, why don't we take advantage of that and go white ' silver ' coins? ”
The "baoerye" theory following the enthusiastic response of the industry, much of the "field" action to negotiate to the appropriate areas and small hydropower stations. Some medium and small hydropower stations one by one mark, painted into a map. In this context, the end of 2013, hydropower stations originally operating mainly tianjia network started bitcoin "mine". By the year 2014, Wassily Kandinsky with coins on all medium and small hydropower stations have been "mine" companies, large and small coins "mines" have sprung up there in the mountains of Sichuan.
When it comes to domestic "mines" the history of BTC123 Marketing Director Cui Demin told the business daily reporters, coins had just begun when the mass concentration of "mine", the earliest practitioners are used in computer graphics to dig. Because a single video card speed and power, "sometimes a year digging a bitcoin, less electricity, video was soon scrapped. ”
Now, with the industry, central operating mining costs lower is also higher, bitcoin "dig" link is toward the Center and scale development. It is reported that the bitcoin 70% of global work force is concentrated in China. Apart from the hydroelectric power station in Southwest China, and Xinjiang, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and thermal power stations, wind farms, have become the Chinese currency "field" owners to seek cooperation. In the Northwest Territories, one thermal power coins "mine" are made.
"Where price cheaper, we'll go where. Electricity prices low, noise and climate is more appropriate. So consider it, "mine" hydropower station construction in the form of General Contracting. "El Chino interpretation" mountain hidden mines "logic.
But: as a beekeeper-like movement
Due to the dry season, these dependent bitcoin hydropower station "mine", also experienced an important part--to move.
In the rainy summer, many coins of "mine" electricity lack of hydropower generating capacity of one-tenth. But after entering the dry season in winter, electricity became inadequate. "Mine" requires opportunity to mine in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other places, but like a beekeeper to move.
Danger often occurs on the way back. The dadu River in wet season is from May to October, summer is approaching, "mine" operators need to move ore from Inner Mongolia and other places back to Sichuan. Way tend to be hit by torrential rain, coupled with the steep, muddy pavement, responsible for the escort of the driver and the "miners" often encounters natural disasters such as landslides and debris flows.
One has coins in kangding "pilot" operators told the daily news reporter said the reason behind this movement, electricity is sometimes wet period 1 time during dry season.
This reporter has learned, larger in the industry "good coins" company employs nearly 50,000 mine in kangding, winter feeder a few years ago moved to Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. In contrast, mine machine equipment is decentralized networks, due to the hydroelectric power station's generating capacity to meet its needs, often does not need to be "the beekeeper."
In hydropower station for long time, El Chino "miners" eventually become one with the surrounding residents. Over time, some nearby residents have also paid close attention to the currency. In mabian Yi Autonomous County, the daily economic news reporter encountered a native said after contact with coins, he also set up a mine at home, "nearly 2 dollars a day income. ”
To play with coins, you need to keep them abreast of cutting-edge financial information, including the supervision of the Central Bank of China policy, block chain, computer knowledge, or even a programming technology ... ... During the visits, the reporter met several mabian Yi Autonomous County, the local population, the Chinese Central Bank's latest policy was very familiar with. As China's Central Bank regulatory attitudes have a direct impact on currency prices, which is the most every bitcoin practitioners are in the focus of attention.
At night, most people fall asleep. Night under the shadow of mabian he is still running, banana Creek "mine", different types of mining machine is still struggling to work in another virtual world keeps a "hash," calculations. Like El Chino, "miners" still want to show up on patrol, Yingying room green light, flashing in the dark to jump.
大批比特币“矿场”藏四川深山：这里电费便宜 - 比特币 - IT资讯
在神秘的比特币世界，存在着一个特殊的环节——“挖矿”。顾名思义，就是像挖矿一样去“挖”比特币，“矿机”聚集地也因此被称为“矿场”。
《每日经济新闻》记者注意到，出于节省成本以及用电便利性等方面的考虑，比特币这种世界前沿金融事物，目前已经和一些中国偏远山区的小县城产生了交集，并在某种程度上改变了当地人的生活。
在四川省马边彝族自治县，上万台比特币矿机“深藏”在山区里的数家水电站中，昼夜不停地进行着“挖矿”计算。一些当地居民，因为“矿场”的到来，“近水楼台先得月”地从对数字货币一无所知的门外汉，变成了比特币的粉丝。
不过，纵然藏身大山深处，这里的人们对外界的市场变化仍然十分关注。毕竟，要想玩转比特币，一味闭门造车肯定是不行的。近期，由于中国中央银行收紧监管政策对比特币行情产生显著影响，记者在走访过程中发现，一些马边彝族自治县的当地居民，对中国中央银行最新的监管政策竟然也十分熟悉。
现场：机房中刮起“暴风”
从乐山市出发，驱车三个半小时，一路经过曲折蜿蜒的盘山公路，记者终于来到了天嘉网络科技有限公司（以下简称天嘉网络）位于马边彝族自治县的比特币“矿场”。一路行来，不少地段满是泥泞险阻，只有高底盘的越野车才能顺利通过。
坐落在大渡河支流旁的天原集团芭蕉溪水电站，是天嘉网络最大比特币“矿场”的所在地。记者了解到，出于节省铺设线路成本以及用电便利性方面的考虑，比特币“矿场”大多直接建在水电站内部。
打开“矿场”机房的一刻，巨大的声浪扑面而来。上千台矿机同时运转，散热扇的噪音让人感觉如同掉入了愤怒的蜂群——机房中音量达到了95分贝，数千个ASIC芯片正在拼命工作，运算破解“哈希谜题”并获得比特币奖励。
作为一种虚拟数字货币，比特币通过特定程序的大量运算产生，这一过程被“矿工”们称为“挖矿”。“挖矿”，实际上是利用计算机破解一道与记账相关的数学题——“哈希谜题”。矿机24小时不停地进行哈希碰撞，争夺区块链的记账权。谁记账，生成的比特币就归谁。
嗡嗡作响的矿机旁边，数十台工业风扇昼夜运转——上千台矿机的摆放位置经过精心设计，形成了一个大型“风道”，以便让巨大风力拂过所有矿机，更好散热。
“这个机房有将近1500台矿机，是目前我们这里最大的一个机房，每天能挖出将近10个比特币。”在机房中，天嘉网络的“矿场”运营班长雷科扯着嗓子向《每日经济新闻》记者说道。不过，由于噪音太大，他所说的话很多时候难以辨清。
机房外，几位“矿工”正蹲在地上，用电动吹风机给矿机清灰。按照规定，“矿工”们每隔1个小时就要对机房进行一次巡逻，昼夜不断，以便及时发现掉线、过热的矿机并进行修复。言谈间，几位“矿工”正在交流最近的比特币行情以及新进一批矿机的性能。
距离该“矿场”不到200米，就是静静流淌的马边河。半山腰上的彝族小学，不少学生欢快地跑在路上。大山深处的森林郁郁葱葱，行走其间，一股魔幻现实的感觉扑面而来——这四川南部偏远地区的贫困县，如今却为最前沿的虚拟货币提供了坚固的实体支撑。
除芭蕉溪“矿场”，天嘉网络在马边彝族自治县还拥有三个规模稍小的“矿场”。《每日经济新闻》记者在实地走访时发现，每个“矿场”都坐落在水电站内，相距车程在一个半小时以上，其间不少是崎岖狭窄的山路，有些地方仅能容纳一辆越野车通行。很多时候，雷科就是在几个“矿场”之间不断巡视。
心声“哪里电价便宜就去哪里”
天嘉网络在马边彝族自治县的“矿场”，只是众多比特币“矿场”扎堆西南深山的一个缩影。除马边彝族自治县外，更多的比特币“矿场”设在大渡河旁的另一座小城——康定。
“好比特币”COO吴广庚对《每日经济新闻》记者表示，目前在康定，拥有比特币“矿场”的公司超过20家，几乎在当地形成了一个产业链。在那里，即使是送快递的小哥，对比特币行业的发展也十分了解。
随着落地康定、马边彝族自治县的比特币“矿场”日渐增多，自2015年起，四川比特币矿机销量便冲到了中国第一，占中国总量的近三成之多。据悉，全球最大的比特币矿机销售商，只在全球两个城市设有维修点，康定就是其中之一。
“矿场”聚集，不少比特币行业的“线下交流沙龙”“矿工交流大会”也来到了四川省会城市——成都。与会人士，既有来自政府招商部门的，也有来自一些中小水电站的，业内圈子在这个过程中慢慢形成。
那么，比特币“矿场”为何会对四川山区“情有独钟”？
雷科指出，显著的原因是用电成本低。矿机运转需要大量耗电，电费成为“矿场”运营的最重要开支。若将比特币“矿场”建在北京等大城市，电价可能是偏远山区的两倍。此外，在城市中，机器昼夜不停运转产生的巨大噪音也难以处理。
雷科说，“行业里很有名的‘宝二爷’最早提出概念——四川等地的水电资源非常丰富，在丰水期时电力用不完，白花花的银子变成水流走。那么，为什么我们不利用这一点，把白白流走的‘银子’变成比特币？”
“宝二爷”理论提出后，业内反响热烈，许多“矿场”主当即行动，去到相应地区和中小水电站谈判。还有人将中国中小水电站一一标出，绘成地图。在此背景下，2013年底，原以水电站经营为主的天嘉网络开始经营比特币“矿场”。到了2014年，康定的各个中小水电站也陆续与比特币“矿场”公司合作，大大小小的比特币“矿场”雨后春笋般出现在四川山区之中。
谈到国内“矿场”的发展史，BTC123市场总监崔德民向《每日经济新闻》记者表示，比特币刚兴起的时候，还没有大规模集中的“矿场”，最早从业者用的都是计算机显卡挖矿。由于单个显卡运算速度慢，又是居民用电，“有时一年挖不到一个比特币，还抵不上电费，显卡也很快就报废了。”
如今，随着行业发展，集中运营矿机成本更低，算力也更高，比特币的“挖矿”环节也逐渐往中心化、规模化发展。据悉，目前比特币全球算力的70%都集中在中国。除西南地区的水电站外，新疆、宁夏和内蒙的火电站、甚至风电场，都成为了中国比特币“矿场”主们寻求合作的对象。在西北地区，一座座火电比特币“矿场”也悄然而生。
“哪里电价便宜，我们就去哪里。山里面电价低，噪音好处理，同时气候也比较适宜。所以综合考虑下来，“矿场”一般以承包水电站的形式来建设。”雷科这样阐释“深山藏矿场”的逻辑。
无奈：如养蜂人般迁徙
由于枯水期的存在，经营这些依附水电站的比特币“矿场”，还要经历一个重要环节——迁徙。
在多雨夏季时，许多比特币“矿场”的用电量尚不足水电站发电量的十分之一。但冬季进入枯水期后，电力又变得不够用了。一些“矿场”主便需要把矿机运到新疆、内蒙等地，像养蜂人般无奈地迁徙。
危险往往发生在返程途中。大渡河的丰水期是5月到10月，夏季将至，“矿场”经营者们需要将矿机从内蒙古等地迁回四川。路途中往往会遭遇暴雨，再加上山势陡峭、路面泥泞，负责押送的司机和“矿工”时常会遇到滑坡、泥石流等自然灾害。
一位在康定拥有比特币“矿场”的经营者向《每日经济新闻》记者道出了这种迁徙背后的缘由，枯水期电费有时候是丰水期的一倍。
记者了解到，业内规模较大的“好比特币”公司在康定拥有近5万台矿机，前几年冬天都会将矿机搬到内蒙古、新疆。与之相比，矿机摆设相对分散的天嘉网络，由于水电站的发电量可以满足其需求，常常不需要当“养蜂人”。
在水电站呆久了，雷科这样的“矿工”渐渐也和周边居民打成一片。久而久之，一些附近居民也开始关注起比特币来。在马边彝族自治县，《每日经济新闻》记者碰到的一位当地人就表示，接触到比特币后，他自己也在家里设置了一个矿机，“每天能有将近2块钱的收益。”
要玩转比特币，需要随时了解最前沿的金融资讯，包括中国中央银行监管政策、区块链技术、计算机知识、甚至编程技术……在探访过程中，记者碰到的几位马边彝族自治县当地居民，对中国中央银行最新的监管政策竟然十分熟悉。由于中国中央银行的监管态度对币价有直接影响，这也是最近每一个比特币从业者都在关注的热点。
到了夜间，大部分人沉沉睡去。夜幕笼罩下的马边河依旧奔腾，芭蕉溪“矿场”里，不同型号的矿机仍在奋力运转，在另一个虚拟的世界里不停地进行“哈希”计算。像雷科一样的“矿工”仍要定时起床巡逻，机房里绿莹莹的光，在黑暗中闪烁跳跃。