Environmental Protection Department published an article: when will the clean air to breathe-the Ministry of environmental protection, air pollution, China's air quality-IT information

At present, the masses attention China's air quality improvement process, is very concerned about when to breathe clean air issues. To achieve the level of the ambient air quality standard in China (a) and secondary (good) to define "clean air", the following basic knowledge of this problem:

1, "ten of the atmosphere" since the implementation of most Chinese cities each year be able to "clean the air" continues to increase the number of days.

In 2013, the first to implement the new ambient air quality standards in 74 cities in percentage of good air quality days distributed between 10.4% to 96.1%, is 60.5% by 2016, 74 cities in boosting the good days to between 35.8% and 98.9%, is 74.2%, up nearly 14%.

In 2015, 338 and above 76.7% of good air quality days of the city, there are 73 cities meet air quality standards. By 2016, the air quality days increased to 78.8%, one of the 8 cities of good air quality days to reach 100%; number of urban air quality standards has increased to 93.

China plans in the "Thirteen-Five" period, the air quality days rose to 80% and to promote air quality not up to city standards as soon as possible. This means that by 2020 China's air quality standards number of cities is expected to be more than "Thirteen-Five" initially increased by more than 50. But even so, there are more than 60% of urban air quality in China cannot reach the average annual value, the governance task is still a long way to go.

2, the existing scientific and technical methods can clearly define a region as a whole to achieve level II (good) quality standards required of the main air pollutants and above cuts.

With the task to improve the quality of the air in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as an example. Monitoring data show that in 2015, 13 cities of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei's annual average PM2.5 concentrations are values and annual average PM10 concentrations are respectively the standards for ambient air quality limit values in China 2.2 times times and 1.9 times, Baoding City annual average PM2.5 concentrations reached more than 3 times the standard limits. Gaseous pollutants situation slightly good, 2015, all 13 a city of SO2 concentration are below environment air quality standard limited value; CO concentration only has Shijiazhuang, and Tangshan, and xingtai, and Baoding, 4 a city exceeded, and exceeded range are in 50% within; Beijing Jin JI city General exists NOx concentration exceeded problem, except North of Zhangjiakou and Chengde two a city outside, other 11 a city are different degree to exceeded. O3 pollution is gradually emerging, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban O3 concentration levels in recent years continue to show an upward trend, which Beijing 2015 O3 daily maximum 8-hour average concentration of 9,000 points level has more than 200 micrograms per cubic meter, is the O3 concentration in China's most expensive city.

Therefore, in order to achieve air quality standards in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, you need to make regional SO2 levels remained stable, NO2 levels falling at about 20%, 10% per cent decline in the O3 concentration level, concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 levels fell by around 60% and 50% respectively.

Based on the development of air quality numerical simulation model analysis indicates that, for the decline in concentrations of these pollutants, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region major air pollutants SO2, NOX, PM2.5, VOCs and NH3 are required emission reduction, 75%, 67%, 46% and 19%.

3, although different research institutions are more set in 2030 as expected periods of China's air quality standards, but the actual time will depend on China's socio-economic development and scientific and technological progress, impact of the process.

Several studies have shown that China: to achieve basic standards of China's urban air quality, air pollutant emissions overall should cut about half of poor air quality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, cut even more than 70%. When will China be able to achieve air quality standards, depend on when the above emission reduction targets can be achieved. Energy revolution promoting production and pollution control, economic restructuring, technological advances, and changing lifestyles, such as the process may promote these goals earlier or postpone. As long as we understand and practice green development concept, build all social forces, continued to promote pollution prevention and control, will be able to accelerate the air quality continues to improve, so that breathing "clean air" continued rapid increase in the number of days, and the early realization of the annual basic breathing "clean air" goal.

环保部刊文：什么时候才能呼吸到洁净的空气 - 环保部,空气污染,中国空气质量 - IT资讯

当前，广大人民群众高度关注中国空气质量改善进程，非常关心什么时候能呼吸上清洁空气这样的问题。如果以达到中国《环境空气质量标准》一级（优）和二级（良）来定义“清洁空气”的话，对这个问题有以下几个基本认识：

1、“大气十条”实施以来，中国绝大多数城市每年可以呼吸到“清洁空气”的天数在持续增加。

2013年，第一批实施新环境空气质量标准的74个城市的空气质量优良天数比例分布在10.4%到96.1%之间，平均值为60.5%；到2016年，74个城市的优良天数比例提高到了35.8%至98.9%之间，平均值为74.2%，升高了近14个百分点。

2015年，中国338个地级及以上城市的空气质量优良天数比例为76.7%，有73个城市达到了空气质量标准。到2016年，空气质量优良天数比例升高到了78.8%，其中8个城市的空气质量优良天数比例达到了100%；空气质量达标的城市数量增加到了93个。

中国计划在“十三五”期间，使空气质量优良天数比例上升到80%，并推动空气质量不达标的城市尽快达标。这意味着到2020年中国空气质量达标的城市数量有望比“十三五”初期增加50个以上。但即便如此，中国还有超过60%的城市空气质量年均值不能达标，治理任务仍然任重道远。

2、现有科学技术方法可以较清晰地确定一个地区整体达到二级（良）及以上空气质量标准所需的主要污染物减排幅度。

以空气质量改善任务较重的京津冀地区为例。监测数据显示，2015年京津冀13个城市的PM2.5年均浓度均值和PM10年均浓度均值分别为中国《环境空气质量标准》限值的2.2倍和1.9倍，其中保定市PM2.5年均浓度达到了标准限值的3倍以上。气态污染物情况稍好，2015年，全部13个城市的SO2浓度均低于《环境空气质量标准》限值；CO浓度仅有石家庄、唐山、邢台、保定等4个城市超标，且超标幅度都在50%以内；京津冀城市普遍存在NOx浓度超标问题，除北部的张家口和承德两个城市外，其他11个城市均不同程度地超标。O3污染逐步显现，近年来京津冀城市的O3浓度水平呈持续上升的趋势，其中北京市2015年O3日最大8小时平均浓度的90百分位数已超过200微克/立方米，是中国O3浓度最高的城市。

因此，为了实现京津冀区域空气质量稳定达标，需要使区域的SO2浓度水平保持稳定，NO2浓度水平下降20%左右，O3浓度水平下降10%左右，PM2.5和PM10的浓度水平分别下降60%和50%左右。

基于国内外开发的空气质量数值模拟模型分析表明，为实现上述污染物浓度下降幅度，京津冀地区主要大气污染物SO2、NOX、PM2.5、VOCs和NH3分别需要减排67%、75%、70%、46%和19%。

3、尽管不同研究机构目前较多地将2030年设定为中国空气质量达标的预期时段，但实际实现的时间将取决于中国社会经济发展和科学技术进步等进程的影响。

中国多项研究结果表明：要实现中国城市空气质量基本达标，大气污染物的排放量总体上要削减一半左右，其中空气质量较差的京津冀地区，削减比例甚至要超过70%。中国何时能够实现空气质量基本达标，取决于上述减排目标何时能够实现。能源革命推进、经济结构转型、生产和污染治理技术进步、以及生活方式转变等的进程快慢都可以推动上述目标提早或推迟实现。只要我们深刻理解并践行绿色发展理念，进一步凝聚全社会的力量，持续推进大气污染防治工作，就能加快推动空气质量持续改善，使大家呼吸“清洁空气”的天数持续快速增加，并早日实现全年基本呼吸“清洁空气”的目标。