Visit the "virtual reality therapy" treatment: straw to pass to that moment of truth-drug, virtual reality-IT information

Neat classrooms and dormitories, various slogans and placards, a grassy playground and bright red plastic track-if not a thick iron gate at the entrance, here is an ordinary high school. However, entered in the registry, the surging News (www.thepaper.CN) journalist came across a pair of slightly sad, can't find meeting rooms old couple wakes up the site's true identity: Zhejiang Liangzhu compulsory isolation, addiction treatment centres.

Last December, it became a new detoxification method--VR (virtual reality) of drug therapies first pilot sites. In January 2017, the VR treatment system in Hangzhou was adopted from the Chinese Center for disease control and prevention National Center for mental health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City Health Commission, Anhui Medical University and many other institutions experts. Clinical trial data showed that after 15 days more than more than 60 drug addicts 6 virtual reality treatment, 75% per cent less craving for drugs.

So, experienced VR treatment and rehabilitation of drug users, wearing VR glasses, see what you think, but also how this system evaluation? With this problem, the surging News (www.thepaper.CN) went into the Liangzhu compulsory isolation, addiction treatment centres.

Chung referred to drug users, VR treatment films do very very true, especially in terms of detail foot work. Network information

"The moment pass through a straw, the special"

Through a green area decorated with stone chessboards around the playground and the runway, drug addiction treatment staff to lead the surging journalists came to a line of 4 teaching in front of the building, representing the drug treatment stage 4. Staff proudly says, "Zhejiang's first 445 drug treatment modalities (the first four represent the four stages of drug treatment), is famous in China. ”

In front of a classroom building, and journalists saw the surging 4 received VR treatment therapy for drug addicts. They were wearing a blue, male, both from Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ranging in age from youth to middle age, difference in time methamphetamine: into rehab for the first time, there are "four" recurrent drug addicts.

When asked to view VR drug film and when the difference between traditional drug film, 4 drug users have said, watch immersive, "especially true". They noted that in the first phase of the film Finally, curling white smoke lens features a bit as straw, at that moment, instantly aroused their addictions, and can't wait to get to him. But in this "head over heels" moments, the film entered its second phase, well-executed drugs will bring a variety of consequences, particularly in terms of health damage. In particular when there is a sense of montage, all staff are heavily involved a quiver.

Chung referred to drug users, VR treatment film was very true, especially in terms of detail foot work, "which depicts drug yellowing of the teeth, ulcers, you look at what we have, which teeth are good. "He said, though vaguely know before drug addiction will have negative consequences for health, but has not given much thought. Through VR movie "immersive" to restore, he truly experience the "disgusting" and fear.

On the effectiveness of this new type of therapy, 4 drug users were given. "The effect is a must-have. Really to meet a possible relapse in the future scenarios might think of films seen, hesitated. This hesitation is crucial. "Drug Song said.

VR treatment in the movie in the end what?

Sai Weng Si technology, Ltd in Hangzhou, the surging News (www.thepaper.CN) journalist also experienced VR treatment video. Wearing VR glasses, stickers on the wrist to connect data cable for measuring heart rate equipment, VR treatment system will play the movie at the same time, viewers by measuring the heart rate variability to assess the craving of addiction, and to assess drug effect.

Video is divided into three phases. In the first stage, film restore the real drug scene: drug sitting around on the sofa, lying in bed in disarray on drug abuse, drug use while playing computer games, these are actual interviews with drug addicts, tailor-made according to the feedback scene.

Saiwengsi Technology Director said He Dalun, not drug addicts in seeing these fragments, and feel special, only addicts can appreciate the details height restored. Ice burn on the flame color and being burned out white smoke effects, drug addicts, the "professional" and "professional" practice is the key to exciting to drug users. VR movie addicts will make many actions of unknown significance, no drug addicts may feel confused, it was authentically restored many drug addicts.

First stage of addiction trigger stage, surging to drug users to news references to "slowly closer to straws" close-up over. Subsequently, the film entered its second stage, VR movies showing drug addiction will have adverse consequences, clinically known as "aversion therapy", is designed to enable drug addicts to drug-related things have a sense of exclusion and achieve abstinence of drug addiction. "Nausea" and "aversion therapy" after the stage, VR treatment film to warm the "regression" stage end.

Third stage based on many common scenes in life: Lake of flowers, fitness to play in the community of children and care of the elderly, in a side alley a couple are playing badminton couple, breakfast restaurants and even the street right out of the Pan pan fried, freshly prepared in a jiffy at home.

Meng said, many of the tests are "food" is impressed by the stimulus, "they said, you're such a bad, also feature after you opened the lid that comes out of the steam. ”

Addiction, the first trigger addiction

VR treatment system is based on how the science of logic design? Zhejiang Provincial Drug Administration scientific project leader, Dr Wang Yongguang, an expert to a surging News (www.thepaper.CN) road, VR treatment system the first breakthrough, is to be able to quantify the craving of drug addiction.

"If there is smoke, shake you a cigarette in front of him, his addiction didn't make. But Meth is different, first of all, you can't really get ice to stimulate him, followed by ice and salt on the vision ", said Wang Yongguang. And heroin which can trigger physical dependence on drugs are not the same, meth primarily trigger psychological dependence. Due to compulsory isolation in rehab, drug users access to mental stimulation or addiction, so it is difficult to assess the effectiveness of drug treatment.

In the process of viewing drug addiction trigger the movie's, drug users have varying degrees of changes in heart rate. VR treatment systems to record, assess the changes in heart rate, get an objective quantification of "drug-craving" index, before and after treatment, "drug-craving" changes, you can visually assess VR effects of drug therapy.

Another key factor is that VR drug films are "without details", seeks to restore addicts back to the temptations that may encounter in real life scenarios. "It can be said that drug users as long as they can resist temptation VR movie of our addiction, you can successfully resist the temptation living in the reality of addiction. "Wang Yongguang said.

VR treatment film another innovation was the use of VR technology in the traditional "aversion therapy" achieve better treatment effect, in which drug addicts drug and disgusting all the negative scenario, creating a new conditioned reflex. But this is a simple "Pavlovian" "aversion therapy" is not stable, "people and animals are different, people can think, logically, he may not think that it is the drug nuisance, but showed him film of hate", said Wang Yongguang.

VR drug development team note to has a Israel research team last year published in natural magazine child published Neuropsychopharmacology Shang of a "extraction Hou confrontational conditions restricted method", in memory again consolidation of time window within on not stable of memory for intervention, reached rewrite or clear original of memory of purpose, and further auxiliary to disgust treatment method of operation way, will previously of links replaced for new of memory. Craving for cocaine in rat's animal experiments showed the success of intervention to replace the old addictive behavior patterns and reduce the desire for drugs.

"One of the most beautiful memories, bad memories. "Wang Yongguang said. Memory is the most important for the drug. This "adversarial conditions method after extraction", in essence is extracted on drugs, "better" memories, and then immediately modified with a bad shock memory. VR film wake of the addiction through the first stage of the rehabilitation system, extract the memory, and the second phase of the "aversion therapy" memory alternatives, and finally in the third phase of the warm film encourages addicts to shake off drug addiction, family and normal life.

Apart from the Liangzhu compulsory isolation rehabilitation, in addition to the VR treatment system expanded to other drug in Zhejiang this year pilot, then Zhejiang province-wide promotion, and plans to introduce it to China. Hangzhou Sai Weng Si technology CEO he Chen said when the pilot cumulative sample size at the same time, based on the collected data is continuously optimized VR treatment system and its core algorithms for the drug addiction, craving, and this drug is released to the public on a regular basis the progress and results of the project.

He Chen said that VR technology also will be more psychological and brain sciences and related areas of difference. In addition to drug treatment in addition to Hangzhou Sai Weng Si technology limited in autism, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), stroke direction full range of layouts.

探访“虚拟现实疗法”戒毒：吸管递来那一瞬特真实 - 戒毒,虚拟现实 - IT资讯

整整齐齐的教室和宿舍、各式各样的标语和宣传板、绿草如茵的操场和鲜红的塑胶跑道——如果没有门口那一道厚厚的铁门，这里就像是一所普通的高中。不过，在进门登记处，澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn)记者偶遇的一对略显忧愁、找不到接见室的老夫妇点醒了这个场所的真实身份：浙江良渚强制隔离戒毒所。

去年12月，这里成为了一种新型的戒毒方法——VR（虚拟现实）戒毒疗法的第一个试点场所。2017年1月，这套VR戒毒系统在杭州通过了来自中国疾病预防控制中心精神卫生中心、浙江大学、杭州市卫生计生委、安徽医科大学等多家机构的专家论证。临床实验数据显示，60余名吸毒人员在经过15天6次虚拟现实系统治疗之后，对毒品渴求度降低的比例达到75%。

那么，亲历VR戒毒治疗的戒毒人员，戴上VR眼镜后，究竟看到了什么、想到了什么、又对这套系统作何评价呢？带着这个问题，澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn）走进了良渚强制隔离戒毒所。

吸毒人员郑某提到，VR戒毒影片做的十分真实，尤其是在细节方面下足了功夫。网络资料

“吸管递过来的一瞬间，特别真实”

穿过一个装饰着石制象棋棋盘的绿化区域，绕过操场和塑胶跑道，戒毒所的工作人员带领澎湃新闻记者来到了一字排开的4幢教学楼前，分别代表戒毒的4个治疗阶段。工作人员略带自豪地介绍道，“我们浙江首创的四四五戒毒模式（第一个四就代表四阶段戒毒），是中国有名的。”

在其中一幢教学楼前，澎湃新闻记者见到了4名接受VR戒毒疗法的吸毒人员。他们穿着统一的蓝色服装，均为来自浙江杭州地区的男性，年龄从青年到中年不等，吸食冰毒的时间也有所差异：有第一次进戒毒所的，也有“四进宫”的反复吸毒人员。

当被问及观看VR戒毒影片与传统的戒毒影片的区别时，4名吸毒人员纷纷说道，观看时觉得身临其境，“特别真实”。他们特别提到，在影片第一阶段的最后，镜头特写一个正散发着袅袅白烟的吸管，那一刻，他们的毒瘾瞬间被激发起来，恨不得凑上前去。但也就在这“神魂颠倒”的时刻，影片进入第二阶段，淋漓尽致地展现了吸毒会带来的各种恶果，尤其是健康方面的损害。在某些特别有代入感的镜头出现时，所有参与人员的心里都重重地一颤。

吸毒人员郑某提到，VR戒毒影片做得十分真实，尤其是在细节方面下足了功夫，“里面描写了吸毒人员的牙齿发黄、溃烂，你看看我们所里的，哪个牙齿是好的。”他说道，以前虽然也模糊地知道吸毒会给健康带来各种负面后果，但并没有仔细深思过。通过VR影片“身临其境”地还原，他真正体验到“恶心”和恐惧。

对这种新型疗法的效果，4名吸毒人员均给予了肯定。“效果有是肯定有的。以后真的要遇到可能复吸的场景，可能会想到片子里看到的，犹豫一下。这犹豫的一下就很关键了。”吸毒人员宋某说道。

VR戒毒影片里到底放了啥？

在杭州赛翁思科技有限公司，澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn）记者也体验了一把VR戒毒影片。戴上VR眼镜，手腕上贴上连接测量心率设备的数据线，VR戒毒系统就会在播放影片的同时，通过测量观看者的心率变异性来评估毒瘾的渴求度，并依此来评估戒毒效果。

影片共分为三个阶段。在第一个阶段，影片还原了真实的吸毒场景：有围坐在沙发上吸毒的，有躺在床上衣衫不整吸毒的，有边玩着电脑游戏边吸毒的，这些都是经过实际访谈过吸毒人员，根据反馈而量身订做的场景。

赛翁思科技技术总监何大伦介绍说，不吸毒的人在看到这些片段时，并不会觉得特殊，只有吸毒人员才能体会到其中细节的高度还原。冰毒燃烧时的火焰颜色、燃烧出来的白烟效果、吸毒时的“专业”器材和“专业”手法都是令吸毒人员兴奋的关键因素。VR影片中的吸毒人员会做出许多意义不明的行动，没有吸毒的人看了可能会觉得一头雾水，却是在还原很多吸毒人员的真实表现。

第一阶段的毒瘾触发阶段，以吸毒人员向澎湃新闻提到的“缓缓靠近的吸管”特写结束。随后，影片进入第二阶段，VR影片展现吸毒会带来的恶果，在临床上被称为“厌恶治疗”，目的是使吸毒人员对毒品相关的事物产生排斥感而达到戒除吸食毒品。在“恶心”的“厌恶治疗”的阶段过后，VR戒毒影片以温馨的“回归”阶段结尾。

第三阶段取材于生活中很多普通的场景：西湖边的鸟语花香、在小区健身场所玩耍的孩童和在一旁看护的老年人、小巷子一对正在打羽毛球的夫妻、甚至是街边早餐店刚出锅的一锅生煎、家里刚做好的一桌饭菜。

孟某说道，很多测试者都对“食物”这一刺激印象很深，“他们说，你们太坏了，还特写揭开锅盖后那个冒出来的热气。”

欲戒除毒瘾，必先触发毒瘾

VR戒毒系统是基于怎样的科学逻辑进行设计的？项目负责人、浙江省戒毒管理局科学专家汪永光博士向澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn）介绍道，VR戒毒系统的第一个突破点，就是在于能够量化对毒瘾的渴求程度。

“如果说是烟瘾的话，你拿根香烟在他面前晃一晃，他的烟瘾没准就犯了。可是冰毒不一样，首先你也不能真拿冰毒去刺激他，其次冰毒在视觉上也就和盐差不多”，汪永光说道。和海洛因这种能触发生理依赖的毒品不一样，冰毒主要是触发心理上的依赖。由于在强制隔离戒毒所中，吸毒人员根本接触不到心理刺激，也不会产生毒瘾，所以也很难评估戒毒的效果。

而在观看毒瘾触发影片的过程中，吸毒人员的心率会产生不同程度的变化。VR戒毒系统能够记录、评估这些心率变化，得到一个客观量化的“毒品渴求度”指标，通过观察治疗前后“毒品渴求度”的改变，就能直观地评估VR戒毒疗法的治疗效果。

其中另一个关键因素就在于VR戒毒影片非常的“抠细节”，力求还原吸毒人员回到现实生活中可能遭遇的受诱惑场景。“可以说，吸毒人员只要能抵御住我们VR影片的毒瘾诱惑，就能成功抵御住在现实中的毒瘾诱惑。”汪永光说道。

VR戒毒影片的另一项创新在于运用VR技术辅助传统的“厌恶治疗”达到更好的戒毒效果，即让吸毒人员在毒品与令人恶心的各种负面场景间建立新的条件反射。不过这种单纯的“巴普洛夫式”的“厌恶治疗”效果不稳定，“人和动物不一样，人是能思考、有逻辑的，他可能不觉得是毒品讨厌，而是给他看片子的人讨厌”，汪永光说。

VR戒毒研发团队注意到了一个以色列研究团队去年发表在《自然》杂志子刊Neuropsychopharmacology上的一种“提取后对抗性条件制约法”，在记忆再巩固的时间窗内对不稳定的记忆进行干预，达到改写或是清除原有的记忆的目的，并进一步辅以厌恶治疗法的操作方式，将先前的连结取代为新的记忆。在大鼠上对可卡因渴求的动物实验上，结果显示该干预方式能够成功的取代旧有成瘾行为模式并降低对毒品的渴求度。

“人最美好的是记忆，最糟糕也是记忆。”汪永光说道。记忆对于戒毒来说也是最重要的。这种“提取后对抗性条件制约法”，本质上是先提取出关于毒品的“美好”记忆，再立刻用糟糕的电击记忆进行修改。VR戒毒系统通过第一阶段的影片唤醒毒瘾，提取记忆，再用第二阶段的“厌恶治疗”进行记忆替代，最后用第三阶段的温馨影片鼓励吸毒人员早日摆脱毒瘾，回归家庭和正常生活。

除了省良渚强制隔离戒毒所之外，这套VR戒毒系统今年还要在浙江的其他戒毒所扩大试点，随后会向浙江全省范围内推广，并计划推行至中国。杭州赛翁思科技有限公司CEO何晨表示，当试点样本量持续累积的同时，会根据收集到的数据不断的优化VR戒毒系统以及其毒瘾渴求度评估核心算法，并且定期向社会大众公布此戒毒项目的进展与成果。

何晨表示，VR技术还会在更多与心理和脑科学相关的领域有所作为。除了戒毒治疗之外，杭州赛翁思科技有限公司还在自闭症、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、脑卒中等研究方向进行全方位的布局。