Chinese enterprise the invisible giant trillion a year tax was designated by the United Nations World Health Organization tobacco | | | _ United Nations news and information
> Original title: the invisible giant tax trillions per year in China, was designated by the United Nations: you sell too cheap!
When it comes to giant enterprises in China, we first think of PetroChina, Sinopec, State grid and China Mobile, the four major banks, and so on.
However, there is such a large enterprise, people will see it's shadow every day, but few people realize that it exists, its revenue high, but did not set foot on the world's top 500 companies list.
Recently, the World Health Organization released a stunning report. Reports that this century will result in more than more than 200 million Chinese died of smoking-related diseases. In this report, also referred to as the world's largest tobacco company--China national tobacco.
Hidden giants, the world's largest tobacco company
In China, tobacco industry under unified leadership, vertical management, management system of monopoly. The State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, the China tobacco Corporation of China's tobacco industry "human, financial, material, production, supply, marketing, internal and external, trade" for centralized management.
Therefore, China national tobacco's financial statements is hongta tobacco, Hunan, Shanghai tobacco, tobacco, and China all tobacco tobacco combined enterprise's financial data and financial indicators representative of the Cntc is China's tobacco industry as a whole.
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2015 degrees, into Cntc annual accounting Accounts report range of enterprise households number total 1133 households, including Cntc this level and belongs business cigarette, and tobacco, and smoke machine, and tobacco complex roast processing, tobacco main of enterprise, and by tobacco industry investment and real control of, and business non-tobacco business of diversified enterprise, all enterprise of business range involved packaging, and printing, and transport, and warehouse, 17 a industry big class, 103 a small class.
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After each small series found in the State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau official website, by the end of 2015, China's tobacco industry revenues 1.2655 trillion yuan, an increase of 49.1 billion yuan, an increase of 4.16%.
1.2655 trillion yuan (about us $183.8 billion) what is the level? If comparing the Cntc in 2016, the Fortune Global 500 ranking, it is in 13th place, its revenues more than Samsung Electronics (177.4 billion dollars), known as the "universe of the first line" of ICBC's revenues to about $16 billion more.
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On April 14, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Development Programme jointly issued by China could not bear the cost--the tobacco epidemic poses to China's health, noted in the report of the economic and social losses, China tobacco Corporation (CNTC) is the world's largest tobacco company. China tobacco Corporation in the global tobacco market share than Phillip? Morris International, British American tobacco and Imperial tobacco, and many larger total amount of large multinational tobacco company in the world. In 2013, the Cntc has produced about 2.5 trillion cigarettes, followed by competitor Philip? Morris International company's output of 88 million. China's tobacco planting areas than several other large tobacco-producing countries (including Brazil, India, Indonesia, Malawi and the United Republic of Tanzania) had more total. China national tobacco control 98% domestic tobacco market.
Meanwhile, the tobacco industry is China's large taxpayers. According to the authorities wide nets, in 2016, the Chinese tobacco industry annual industrial and commercial taxes 1.0795 trillion yuan, total annual turn over financial 1.0006 trillion yuan. In 2015, the total paid financial 1.095 trillion yuan.
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Each small series is also found in eye in the sky check, Cntc is not only commanding the Chinese tobacco industry, also has investments in other industries, including the Huaxia securities company limited, guotai Junan Securities Co., Ltd.
Who: this century will have 200 million Chinese die of smoking
April 14, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Development Programme report noted that China was the tobacco capital of the world, the world's largest producer and consumer of tobacco.
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In 2014, China's consumption of cigarettes accounted for 44% of the world, than after its 29 countries of total consumption, and more. In 2015, about 315 million smokers in China, 28% of the adult population, more than half of all adult men smoke.
Tobacco use kills about 6 million deaths worldwide, of which more than 1 million Chinese die of tobacco-related diseases each year, the equivalent of 3000 people a day die from tobacco use.
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Report stresses that if measures are not taken to slow the trend of this century there will be more than 200 million Chinese die of smoking-related diseases, resulting in decreased economic productivity and tens of millions of people into poverty; also adds to China's social welfare and health systems, as well as the needs of the private sector, further exacerbating the growing inequalities. Chinese will be unable to bear the health caused by tobacco use, and other aspects (social, economic, environmental) damage.
Tobacco used to make China an annual loss of 350 billion yuan
Index of reports, not only has far-reaching health effects of tobacco use, it causes economic losses are enormous.
In 2014, the treatment of tobacco-related diseases in China caused a direct loss of about 53 billion yuan, or about $9 billion, China's health expenditures accounted for the same year of 3.5 trillion yuan (US $538 billion) is about 1.5%.
By 2014, tobacco use poses to China's direct and indirect losses total total economic losses of up to 350 billion yuan (US $57 billion). This 0.55% of the 2014 GDP of China; the average smoker 1107.15. Compared to 2008 caused by tobacco use in China's economic losses of 217 billion yuan, increased by almost 1 time, 2000 economic losses 10 times.
Growth for two reasons, first, in the past 15 years more people have been diagnosed with a tobacco-related disease, and second, due to increased spending on health. If you are not the current smoking rate down sharply, such huge losses that have occurred will quickly increase significantly.
In fact, China has long been to the adverse effects of smoking on people's health and the national economy, and measures have been taken to reduce the number of smokers, but it isn't small. According to the people's daily reported, early 2016 2015 China tobacco control watch-the perspective of civil States that by the end of 2015, the tobacco control programme (2012-2015) set goals is not completed. Male smoking rates are still high. The total number of smokers, tobacco consumption is on the rise.
In accordance with the objectives of the plan, to the planned date of completion, adult smoking rate fell from 28.1% in 2010 to 2015 is below 25%. Adult males have a more substantial decline; female adult smoking rates remain low and has declined. 2015 adult tobacco survey in China showed China's adult smoking rate over 15 years 27.7%. Male smoking rate of 52.1%, remained at a high level, is no lower, female-2.7%, also unchanged from 2010, did not meet the plan's goals. Due to population growth, number of smokers has increased by 15 million amounted to 316 million people.
From the survey data, 39.6% of smokers quit smoking will, but the number of people who successfully quit smoking, only 5 years increased by 13.3 million and 316 million smokers, and less than the number of new smokers.
In addition, after each small series of notes, after Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other cities have issued anti-smoking law. Among them, Beijing on June 1, 2015, tobacco control in the implementation of the Beijing city Ordinance on March 1 this year, Shanghai formally implemented the amendments to the Shanghai public places smoking control regulations. But the World Health Organization recommends the implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free legislation in China, which requires that all indoor public 100% comprehensive smoke-free.
> Source: World Health Organization
In addition, the World Health Organization also recommends that the retail price of cigarettes by 50% can increase government revenue by about $66 billion per year, it is important, such a price increase can be avoided in the next 50 years, 20 million premature deaths and avoid nearly 8 million people into poverty, and can avoid some 13 million people (mostly poor) plagued by catastrophic medical expenses.
> Source: World Health Organization
> Editor: Li Peng
Article keywords:Who the United Nations
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中国企业隐形巨头每年利税上万亿 却被联合国点名|世界卫生组织|烟草|联合国_新闻资讯
> 原标题：中国这家隐形巨头每年利税上万亿，却被联合国点名：你卖的东西太便宜了！
说到中国的巨无霸企业，大家第一时间会想到中石油、中石化、国家电网、四大银行、中国移动等。
但是，还有这么一家大型企业，人们每天都会看到它的身影，但很少有人会意识到它的存在，它营收额超高，但没有登上过世界500强企业的榜单。
最近，世界卫生组织发布了一份惊人报告。报告称，本世纪吸烟相关疾病将导致2亿多中国人死亡。而在这份报告中，还提到了全球最大烟草公司——中国烟草总公司。
隐藏的巨头，全球最大烟草公司
在中国，烟草行业实行统一领导、垂直管理、专卖专营的管理体制。国家烟草专卖局、中国烟草总公司对中国烟草行业“人、财、物、产、供、销、内、外、贸”进行集中统一管理。
因此，中国烟草总公司的财务报表是上海烟草、红塔烟草、湖南中烟、浙江中烟等中国各个烟草企业财务数据的总和，而中国烟草总公司的财务指标代表的就是整个中国烟草行业。
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2015年度，纳入中国烟草总公司年度会计决算报表范围的企业户数合计1133户，包括中国烟草总公司本级和所属经营卷烟、烟叶、烟机、烟叶复烤加工等烟草主业的企业，以及由烟草行业投资并实质控制的、经营非烟草业务的多元化企业，全部企业的业务范围涉及包装、印刷、运输、仓储等17个行业大类，103个小类。
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每经小编在国家烟草专卖局官网上发现，截止2015年底，中国烟草行业实现营业收入12655亿元，同比增加491亿元，增长4.16%。
12655亿元人民币（约合1838亿美元）是什么水平呢？如果将中国烟草总公司于2016年财富世界500强排行榜进行对比，它则可以排在第13位，其营收超过三星电子（1774亿美元），比号称“宇宙第一大行”的中国工商银行的营收还要多160亿美元左右。
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4月14日，世界卫生组织和联合国开发计划署联合发布的《中国无法承受的代价——烟草流行给中国造成的健康、经济和社会损失》报告中指出，中国烟草总公司（CNTC）是世界上最大的烟草公司。中国烟草总公司在全球烟草市场所占份额比菲利普？莫里斯国际公司、英美烟草公司和帝国烟草公司等多个世界大型跨国烟草公司的总量还要大。2013年，中国烟草总公司生产了约25000亿支卷烟，而紧随其后的竞争者菲利普？莫里斯国际公司的产量为8800万支。中国的烟草种植面积比其他几个较大烟草生产国（包括巴西、印度、印度尼西亚、马拉维和坦桑尼亚联合共和国）的总数还要多。中国烟草总公司控制着98%的中国国内烟草市场。
同时，烟草行业也是中国的纳税大户。据央广网报道，2016年，中国烟草行业全年实现工商税利10795亿元，全年上缴财政总额10006亿元。2015年，上缴财政总额10950亿元。
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每经小编还在天眼查中发现，中国烟草总公司不仅总揽中国烟草行业，还对其他行业进行了投资，其中包括华夏证券股份有限公司、国泰君安证券股份有限公司。
世卫组织：本世纪将有2亿中国人死于吸烟
世界卫生组织和联合国开发计划署4月14日的报告指出，中国是世界烟草之都，世界上最大的烟草生产国和消费国。
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2014年，中国消费的卷烟量占世界的44%，比位其之后的29个国家的消费总量还要多。2015年，中国约有3.15亿吸烟者，成年人口的28%，所有成年男性的半数以上均吸烟。
烟草使用每年造成全球约600万人死亡，其中每年有100多万中国人因烟草相关疾病而死亡，相当于每天3000人死于烟草使用。
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报告强调，如不采取措施减缓这一发展趋势，本世纪将有超过2亿中国人死于吸烟相关疾病，导致经济生产力下降和数千万人沦于贫困；同时还会增加对中国社会福利和卫生系统、以及私营部门的需求，进一步加剧不断扩大的不平等。中国将无力承担烟草使用导致的健康及其他方面（社会、经济、环境）的损失。
烟草使用让中国一年损失3500亿元
报告指数，烟草使用不仅对健康有着深远的影响，它所造成的经济损失也是巨大的。
2014年，治疗烟草相关疾病给中国造成的直接损失约为人民币530亿元，约合90亿美元，占同年中国卫生支出3.5万亿元（5380亿美元）的1.5%左右。
2014年，烟草使用给中国造成的直接和间接损失合计的总经济损失高达3500亿元（570亿美元）。这相当于中国2014年GDP的0.55%；平均每个吸烟者1107.15元。相比2008年烟草使用给中国经济造成的损失2170亿元，增加了近一倍，是2000年经济损失的10倍。
增长的原因有两方面，一是过去15年中有更多的人被诊断出烟草相关疾病，二是由于卫生支出的增加。如果不能将当前的吸烟率迅速大幅降下来，则上述已经发生的巨大损失还将快速显著增加。
其实，中国早已意识到吸烟对国民健康和国民经济带来的不利影响，并一直在采取措施减少吸烟人数，但事实看来，难道不小。据人民日报报道，2016年初发布的《2015中国控烟观察——民间视角》指出，截止2015年底，《烟草控制规划（2012—2015）》制定的目标并未完成。男性吸烟率仍居高位。吸烟总人数、烟草消费量还在增加。
按照《规划》目标，到规划完成之日，成年人吸烟率要从2010年的28.1%下降到2015年的25%以下。其中成年男性要有较大幅度下降；成年女性吸烟率要保持较低水平并有所下降。而《2015年中国成人烟草调查报告》显示：中国15岁以上成人吸烟率为27.7%。其中男性吸烟率为52.1%，仍然维持在高水平，未见降低，女性为2.7%，也与2010年持平，没有达到《规划》提出的目标。由于人口总数增长，吸烟者总数增加了1500万，已高达3.16亿人。
从调查数据看，吸烟者中有39.6%的戒烟意愿，但成功戒烟的人数，5年中也只增加了1330万，在3.16亿吸烟者中，还不及新增烟民的数量。
此外，每经小编注意到，此前，北京、上海、深圳等多个城市已经发布禁烟条例。其中，北京于2015年6月1日正式实施《北京市控制吸烟条例》，上海于今年3月1日起正式实施《上海市公共场所控制吸烟条例》修正案。但世界卫生组织的报告建议中国实施一部全面的中国无烟立法，即要求所有室内公共场100%全面无烟。
>图片来源：世界卫生组织报告
此外，世界卫生组织还建议，将卷烟零售价提高50%，每年可使政府收入增加约660亿美元，重要的是，这种幅度的提价，可在未来50年中避免2000万人过早死亡，避免近800万人沦于贫困，同时可避免约1300万人（大多是贫困人群）被灾难性医疗支出所困扰。
>图片来源：世界卫生组织报告
>责任编辑：李鹏
文章关键词： 世界卫生组织 烟草 联合国
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