Soil found in the Ming dynasty in Nanjing, "Deputy provincial level officials" epitaph monument (pictured) epitaph | | | archaeology in Nanjing _ news
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> Epitaph text legible on a tablet.
Civic-minded Wang called Yangzi evening news on Saturday when he and his family went to Nanjing Jiangning General mountain picnic, found in the soil at the foot of a structured piece of slate, incised with numerous large pieces of text. After identification, the epitaph is a monument, Tomb of Ming dynasty Nanjing surnamed Jin series right Vice Minister, and gold was just making epitaphs are characters that are explicitly documented in the history books.
Excavators found the complete inscription Tablet
Yesterday morning, the Yangzi evening news reporter found epitaph place followed Mr King, this is a located in West Road, North of General mountain area in Shandong province, also has an excavator is lime. Entrance into dozens of meters, you will have a pile of Earth, Mr Wang's epitaph monuments still lie on the soil in their entirety.
This is a square stone, of a thickness exceeding 5 cm, 40 to 50 cm square, weighing more than 100 kilograms, two grown men can barely turn over. Reporters saw the monument clearly engraved on one side of the text, at least 70% legible handwriting, font is a neat script, each word size does not exceed 1 cm. First sentence indicates the identity of the stone-"General discussion on doctor Nanjing court right Vice Minister Kim public epitaph."
Wang showed reporters a photograph when he see one side cover, top incised seal, "Ming Tong on the doctor series right Vice Minister Kim in Nanjing cemetery". The so-called "cover", is used to cover the epitaphs on the tablet. But Tomb cover may be buried by Earth and not found again.
B tomb of official travel for more than 30 years, had experienced "the British restoration"
After Zu Zhudi capital of the Ming dynasty, as left, retained six set of central agencies such as the Department of Nanjing. Personnel throughout the Ming dynasty, Nanjing the second "central team", or as seems to pass the disgraced official or springboard for local officials to Beijing before serving, but generally most before. However, even the Nanjing Court Assistant Minister, in three of the Ming dynasty are also real, today, "Deputy provincial" cadre "General discussion on doctor" is generally granted honorary titles are three officials.
Epitaph is described in words and deeds, the life of the deceased subject matter, through preliminary interpretation can be seen: the Assistant Minister of families from the area, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, his ancestors have not official for several generations before. Gold ruler's career from Fujian Nanan began his tenure, his Chief for more than 30 years. Text of the epitaph, Golden ruler went through in the early Ming dynasty "Tumu Crisis", "the jingtai Emperor's brother King", "the English restoration" and other important events.
C making epitaph monument of three people, connections are not small
In ancient times, epitaph monument made in three aspects: to write the article first, and then to find a calligrapher out fair article, then carved out the word. Best of all, epitaphs remain on the monument in this three part names, has a high heritage value.
Epitaph is the author of the article when the Director left Assistant Minister Jing yan Xu Pu. Yixing, who is this person, jingtai County for five years. Golden ruler after the death of Xu Pu promotion, the official canopy of Temple University, Koji five to 11 ministers, either when the first post of the auxiliary. Xu Pu after four, there are four Prime Ministers said.
This epitaph is written to the Ministry of Justice in Nanjing Zhang 瑄. Stanley in jiangpu people in Nanjing in Nanjing Court served in the former, once in the Yellow River basin and Guangzhou, presided over disaster relief. The former "tangquan eight" in the "book of former residence" scene, Zhang 瑄 ancestral old House.
Please those responsible for engraving epitaph monument, it is the Department of supervision right of Nanjing, the then Deputy Yu shi Bai Ang. Changzhou wujin district people, during the reign of Hongzhi of the Ming dynasty the famous Yellow River flood control official. Historical records, Feng Yang du, he had Emperor ling, in coastal area of Jiangsu province to destroy the enemy. Because there is sufficient experience in mobilizing human, and finally was appointed task of water. In Henan, Yang Wu Bai Ang built in long beach, was named "white beach".
D tombs may have been damaged, immediately stop construction
At the scene, the Yangtze evening news reporter to contact the District Museum, the staff immediately arrived at the scene. After a preliminary investigation, this soil is used River soil. Monument in front of the burials in the tomb of the epitaph, now exposed, this means that the Tomb may have been destroyed.
In addition, older than the Ming dynasty were also found at the scene of the six dynasties Tomb bricks site. "In other words, there are at least two graves were damaged. "Staff at the scene immediately and contact law enforcement departments of cultural relics, Jiangning district, this area was suspended soil, waiting for the cultural relics Department for further investigation.
Staff, found this location of the inscription tablet in the Ming dynasty, is the focus of high level in Ming dynasty and the six dynasties tomb burial area, close to here is national treasure unearthed cultural relics "Xiao chasing Han under the Moon blue and white Meiping" Tomb of the Ming Muying family. This epitaph monument will also be transferred to the Jiangning District Museum Conservation and interpretation.
>: Tang Liu Guangbo
Article keywords:Epitaph of Nanjing archaeology
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南京土场中发现明代“副省级官员”墓志碑(图)|墓志|南京|考古_新闻资讯
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>墓志碑上的文字清晰可辨。
热心市民王先生致电扬子晚报，上周六他和家人去南京江宁将军山郊游时，在山脚下一处土场内发现一块规整的方石板，阴刻着密密麻麻的大段文字。经过辨认，这是一块墓志碑，墓主为明代一位姓金的南京刑部右侍郎，而为金侍郎制作墓志的更是史书中有明确记载的人物。
A 挖掘机旁发现完整墓志碑
昨天上午，扬子晚报记者跟随王先生来到发现墓志的地点，这是一片位于佛城西路以北、将军山东南麓的土场，现场还有一辆挖掘机正在搅拌石灰。入口进去几十米就有一堆土方，王先生发现的墓志碑仍完整地躺在土中。
这是一块正方形的石碑，厚度超过5厘米，40到50厘米见方，重量在100公斤以上，两名成年男性仅能勉强翻动。记者看到，石碑的一面清晰地刻着文字，至少70%的字迹清晰可辨，字体为工整的楷书，每个字大小不超过1厘米。第一句话就表明了这块石碑的身份——“通议大夫南京刑部右侍郎金公墓志铭”。
王先生向记者展示了一张照片：当时他还看到一方墓盖，上面阴刻着篆体的“明故通议大夫南京刑部右侍郎金公墓”。所谓“墓盖”，是用来盖在墓志碑上的。但现场墓盖可能被土方掩埋，并没有再次发现。
B 墓主宦游30余年，曾经历“英宗复辟”
明代自成祖朱棣迁都后，作为留都，南京保留了六部等一整套的中央机构。纵观明代的人事任用，南京这第二套“中央班子”，要么是作为打发失势官员的闲职，要么是地方大员进京任职前的跳板，但一般以前者居多。不过，即使是南京的刑部侍郎，在明代也是实打实的正三品，相当于现在的“副省级”干部，而“通议大夫”则是当时普遍授予正三品官员的名誉头衔。
墓志铭是叙述逝者言行、生平的题材，通过初步解读可以看出：金侍郎的家族来自浙江杭州一带，在他之前祖上已经有好几代没有做官了。而金侍郎的仕途从主政福建南安开始，宦海浮沉30多年。墓志铭的文字显示，金侍郎还经历了明代中早期“土木之变”、“景泰帝代兄继位”、“英宗复辟”等一系列重大事件。
C 制作墓志碑的三人，来头可都不小
在古代，墓志碑制作分三个环节：先要写文章，然后要找个书法家把文章誊写出来，最后再把字刻出来。可贵的是，墓志碑上保留了参与这三个环节的人名，具有很高的文物价值。
墓志铭文章的作者是当时礼部左侍郎经筵官徐溥。此人是今宜兴人，景泰五年进士。金侍郎去世后，徐溥继续晋升，官至华盖殿大学士，弘治五年至十一年位极人臣，任当朝首辅一职。徐溥历经四朝，有四朝宰相之称。
书写这篇墓志的是当时的南京刑部尚书张瑄。此人是南京江浦人，在南京刑部任职前，曾在黄河流域以及广州多地，主持救灾。昔日“汤泉八景”中“尚书故宅”一景，即张瑄祖居旧宅。
而负责请人雕刻墓志碑的，则是当时南京都察院右副都御史白昂。此人是常州武进人，明代弘治年间著名的黄河治水名臣。史书记载，他曾在凤阳督造皇陵、在江苏沿海剿灭倭寇。由于在调动人力上有充分经验，最后被委任治水的重任。白昂在河南阳武修筑的长堤，被命名为“白堤”。
D 墓葬可能已被毁坏，立即叫停施工
在现场，扬子晚报记者与江宁区博物馆取得联系，工作人员随即抵达现场。经过初步调查，这片土场是河道整治取土所用。墓志碑在墓葬中处于墓门的前面，现在暴露在外，这就意味着墓葬可能已经被毁了。
此外，工作人员在现场还发现了比明代更久远的六朝时代墓砖遗迹。“也就是说，这里至少有两座墓遭到破坏。”工作人员现场立即与江宁区文物执法部门联系，这片土场被暂停取土，等待文物部门进一步勘察。
工作人员介绍，发现这方明代墓志碑的位置，是明代及六朝较高等级墓葬的重点埋藏区，紧挨这里的就是曾出土国宝级文物“萧何月下追韩信青花梅瓶”的明沐英家族墓。而这方墓志碑也将转运到江宁区博物馆保护与解读。
>责任编辑：刘光博
文章关键词： 墓志 南京 考古
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