Day boat first launched today will be to the temple on the second "space filling"
CNS, Beijing, April 20-19th from the China manned space engineering office, said that research by the General command of space lab mission decision, aiming at 19:41 April 20 at the Wenchang space launch day boat first cargo spacecraft.
Day boat first, is China's first independently developed cargo ships. This strong feature many "express little brother", with the temple on the second laboratory of space rendezvous and docking, by tall on "space filling" technology, brought from Earth for its "energy package".
"Arrow" on the strings
--Aim at 20th, launch days boat first at 19:41
China manned space engineering office, said day boat first cargo ship and the long seventh away two rocket flight products since mid-February after entering the site, according to flight test launch procedures, on April 17, completed Assembly testing and other technical aspects of the work.
18th first mission day boats for region-wide training for the last time. Results showed that the system command open, technology status, test equipment in good condition. The completion of training, marking the system-wide implementation launch conditions.
19th evening news: study on the space lab mission headquarters decision, aimed at 19:41 April 20 at the Wenchang space launch day boat first cargo spacecraft.
As China's first space cargo ship, boat, first flight of the day, marking the success of China's manned space engineering "three-step" strategy in the "second step" mandates, solid technology foundation for the space station construction mission.
7:30 April 17, carrying a long seventh away from the second launch vehicle and the boat first cargo spacecraft Assembly activities, the launch platform, vertical transport to the launch area, marking the "day boat first" officially entered the launching phase of the mission. Yanning photography
What China's first cargo ship look like?
--Strong features
As China's independently developed the first cargo ship, what days the boat is first look like, spurred concern.
Public reports, day boat, first with two-cabin configuration, made up of cargo and propulsion module, 10.6 m in length, cabin a maximum diameter of 3.35 meters, the maximum loaded weight of 13.5 tons, than larger Temple on the second, and the Shenzhou spacecraft, is China's largest, heaviest weight of the spacecraft.
"The can can is the hard truth"-day boat first uplink capacity of about 6 tons of materials, including propellant supplement of approximately 2 tons, up load higher than international cargo ships in active service.
IAF space transportation Secretary General, China Aerospace Science and industry Corporation II two Yang yuguang, a researcher at the Ministry said its independent flying boat first 3 months of the day, with the temple on the second space rendezvous and docking, implementation of the propellant in the Rails added, experiments on space science and technology and other functions.
Vertical transport of completed, marking the "day boat first" officially entered the launching phase of the mission. Wen Jun Zhang photography Extremely difficult!
First challenge--"zero-window" launch
Media quoted experts as saying the launch day boat a spacecraft is the "zero-window" launch, so the difficulty is very high, is facing great challenges.
So, what is a "zero-window" launch?
It is understood that the launch window is a rocket carrying the spacecraft blasted off a time more appropriate range, some take hours, some days, during which rocket can be launched. Due to the launch of day boats, ships and temple on the second laboratory space rendezvous and docking on firing accuracy is very high, therefore, launch Windows are not a time frame, but a determined point in time, one second is not bad, this is the space people had said "zero-window", which is very high reliability of the rocket and launch pad system requirements.
Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation a long seventh rocket commander Wang Xiaojun said, "because the zero-window launching, and rocket is a very complex system, composed by a large number of systems. In addition, in front of the fire operation, process is very complex. In this work during any part of the problem, we guarantee a zero window is difficult to launch. ”
Information: October 19, 2016, 11th spacecraft Shenzhou and temple on the second successful automatic rendezvous and docking. 11th pictured Shenzhou spacecraft fit flight simulation with the temple on the second group (taken at the big screen in the Beijing Aerospace command and control center). Juzhenhua Xinhua photo Xinhua
"Express little brother" to do something?
--To the temple on the second "space filling"
After launching into orbit, day boat first trip will do what has aroused global concern.
"For astronaut food, use, give spacecraft propellant-boat first, 3-day rendezvous and docking, 3 additional on-orbit in order to accomplish two things. "Chinese Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation in their public image in an article, wrote the letter.
Day boat first "only cargo, without giving people" by some media, an effect called "express little brother." The trip, day boat, first with China's first space laboratory completed Temple on the second rendezvous and docking, implementation of propellants in orbit additive, breakthroughs and mastered adding key technologies such as the propellants in orbit.
Among them, adding, commonly known as the propellants in orbit "space filling" is the boat first, one of the core objectives and tasks, is standard with the construction of the space station. According to Director of the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation v hospital GNC systems designers, day-boat first GNC system designers introduce Liu Zongyu, Director, which will assemble construction and long-term operation of the space station for China to solve energy supply problems.
It should be noted that is, cargo ships, not only shipping so simple. Day boats first carried non-Newtonian gravitational experiments over more than 10 applications such as load, in-orbit test of space science and technology (real) inspection.
Pictured carrying a long seventh away from the second launch day activities boat combination first cargo spacecraft launch platform. Chen Tao photography
Why would China developed cargo ships?
--Dawn of the open era of space station
Why would China developed cargo ships? Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation five days the boat is first cargo spacecraft designer Bai m sh explained that China's future space station orbiting in space, will suffer the effects of residual atmospheric drag and gradually lower the altitude, in order to keep the original height, they must consume fuel pushing up the space station, which requires fuel supplement cargo ships for the space station.
Yang yuguang further stated that the next Chinese manned space station, several astronauts in orbit will reside for a long time, even during a crew rotation will have two Shenzhou spacecraft and short-term more astronauts while in orbit. Obviously, without the support of cargo spacecraft, is unable to complete the task of long-term presence in the rail. This is the root cause of China's space research and development day boat cargo ship.
Therefore, China, day boat, first open the dawn of the space age.
In addition, space experts will also look into the more distant future, such as building bases on the Moon or Mars base inevitably needs to reduce the cost of transport of goods.
"Moon base will reduce the transportation costs of the goods to low-Earth orbit transportation level," said Yang yuguang, that will bring the human into the "development of the solar system a new era". (End)
(Editors: Liu Cheng UN649)
2017-04-20 00:27:48
China News Network
天舟一号今日发射 将给
天宫二号“太空加油”
中新网北京4月20日电19日来自中国载人航天工程办公室的消息称，经空间实验室飞行任务总指挥部研究决定，瞄准4月20日19时41分在文昌航天发射场发射天舟一号货运飞船。
天舟一号是中国自主研制的首艘货运飞船。这个身强力壮功能多的“快递小哥”，将与天宫二号空间实验室交会对接，通过高大上的“太空加油”技术，为其带去来自地球的“能量包裹”。
“箭”在弦上
——瞄准20日19时41分发射天舟一号
中国载人航天工程办公室消息称，天舟一号货运飞船与长征七号遥二运载火箭等飞行产品自2月中旬陆续进入发射场后，按照飞行任务测试发射流程，于4月17日完成了总装测试等技术区各项工作。
18日，天舟一号飞行任务进行最后一次全区合练。结果表明，各系统组织指挥畅通，技术状态正确，参试设备状态良好。合练的完成，标志着全区各系统具备执行发射任务条件。
19日晚间的消息称：经空间实验室飞行任务总指挥部研究决定，瞄准4月20日19时41分在文昌航天发射场发射天舟一号货运飞船。
作为中国首艘太空货运飞船，天舟一号的首飞，将标志着中国载人航天工程胜利完成“三步走”战略中的“第二步”任务，为空间站建设任务奠定坚实技术基础。
4月17日7时30分，承载着长征七号遥二运载火箭与天舟一号货运飞船组合体的活动发射平台，垂直转运至发射区，标志着“天舟一号”飞行任务正式进入发射阶段。闫宁 摄
中国首艘货运飞船长啥样？
——身强力壮功能多
作为中国自主研制的首艘货运飞船，天舟一号到底长啥样，引发外界关注。
公开报道显示，天舟一号采用两舱构型，由货物舱和推进舱组成，全长10.6米，舱体最大直径3.35米，整船最大装载状态下重量达13.5吨，个头比天宫二号和神舟飞船都要大，是目前中国体积最大、重量最重的航天器。
“能装才是硬道理”——天舟一号物资上行能力约6吨，其中，推进剂补加能力约为2吨，上行载货比优于国际现役货运飞船。
国际宇航联空间运输委员会秘书长、中国航天科工集团公司二院二部研究员杨宇光日前透露，天舟一号具备独立飞行3个月的能力，具有与天宫二号空间实验室交会对接、实施推进剂在轨补加、开展空间科学实验和技术试验等功能。
垂直转运的顺利完成，标志着“天舟一号”飞行任务正式进入发射阶段。张文军 摄 难度极高！
——首次挑战“零窗口”发射
有媒体援引专家的话表示，此次发射天舟一号飞船，是“零窗口”发射，所以难度非常高，面临着极大挑战。
那么，什么是“零窗口”发射？
据了解，发射窗口是指运载火箭携带着航天器发射升空比较合适的一个时间范围，有的以小时计算，有的以天计算，在此期间火箭都可以发射。由于此次发射天舟一号飞船要和天宫二号空间实验室实现交会对接，对发射精度要求很高，因此，发射窗口不是一个时间范围，而是一个确定的时间点，一秒都不能差，这就是航天人所说的“零窗口”，这对于火箭和发射场系统的可靠性提出了很高的要求。
航天科技集团一院长征七号运载火箭总指挥王小军指出，“因为零窗口发射，加之火箭组成是一个很复杂的系统，由大量的系统组成。另外，在射前的操作、流程也是非常复杂。在这个工作过程中间任何一个环节出了问题，我们就在保证零窗口发射中都会存在一定的困难。”
资料图：2016年10月19日凌晨，神舟十一号飞船与天宫二号自动交会对接成功。图为神舟十一号飞船与天宫二号组合体飞行模拟画面(摄于北京航天飞行控制中心大屏幕)。新华社记者 琚振华 摄 新华网
“快递小哥”要干点啥？
——给天宫二号“太空加油”
发射入轨后，天舟一号此行将干点啥，备受全球关注。
“给航天员送吃的、用的，给航天器送推进剂——天舟一号3次交会对接，3次在轨补加就是为了完成这两件事。”中国航天科技集团在其微信公众号一篇文章中形象写道。
天舟一号“只运货、不送人”，因此被一些媒体形象地称为“快递小哥”。此行，天舟一号将与中国首个空间实验室天宫二号完成交会对接，实施推进剂在轨补加，突破和掌握推进剂在轨补加等关键技术。
其中，推进剂在轨补加俗称“太空加油”，是天舟一号核心目标任务之一，是空间站建设的标配。据中国航天科技集团公司五院GNC分系统主任设计师、天舟一号GNC分系统主任设计师刘宗玉介绍，这将为中国空间站组装建造和长期运营解决能源供给问题。
需要指出的是，货运飞船，不仅是送货那么简单。天舟一号还搭载了非牛顿引力实验等10余项应用载荷，将在轨开展空间科学及技术试(实)验。
图为承载着长征七号遥二运载火箭与天舟一号货运飞船组合体的活动发射平台。陈涛 摄
中国为何要研发货运飞船？
——将开启空间站时代的黎明
中国为何要研发货运飞船？航天科技集团五院天舟一号货运飞船总设计师白明生解释称，未来中国的空间站在太空轨道运行，会受到残存大气阻力的影响而逐渐降低轨道高度，为了要保持原有的高度，就必须消耗燃料推动空间站上升，这就需要货运飞船为空间站进行燃料补充。
杨宇光进一步表示，未来中国的载人空间站，将有几名航天员在轨长期驻留，在乘组轮换期间甚至将有两艘神舟飞船和更多的航天员短期同时在轨。显然，没有货运飞船的支持，是无法完成长期在轨驻留任务的。这也是中国航天研发天舟货运飞船的根本原因。
因此，对于中国来说，天舟一号将开启空间站时代的黎明。
此外，航天专家还将视线投向更远的未来，例如建设月球基地或火星基地，必然需要降低货物运输的成本。
“将月球基地的货物运输成本降低到近地轨道货运的水平”，杨宇光说，那将使人类进入“开发太阳系的新纪元”。(完)
(责任编辑：刘盛钱 UN649)
2017-04-20 00:27:48
中国新闻网