Ma Huateng donated 6 17.235 billion into China's capital, MA 17.193 billion then-pony Ma, charity-IT information
Rich people in fast-growing China, focusing on wealth preservation, value added at the same time, increasing attention to philanthropy.
Beijing Normal University, China Welfare Institute and wealthy Shenzhen College of international public goods analysis make a big donation motives and areas of concern, since 2011 annual China donated Kit list. On April 18, after combing the list data for 6 years, billion, China released the report on donations and charitable development strategy (hereinafter the report).
6 years, 444-philanthropist (601) on the list. The report shows that philanthropist donated more than 100 million yuan during 2011-2016, 123, total donations (including commitments) amounted to 113.143 billion yuan.
China's record on the number of high net worth total, large donation has been refreshed, it will bring a strong positive role in promoting social development. But on the other hand, large donations have no clear mission and system planning, lack of professionalism, and may lead to a waste of resources and donations is not sustainable. Why not?
Ma Huateng donated 17.2 billion into capital
It's $17.235 billion!
This is the highest total in nearly 6 years of donation records, from Tencent Board Chairman Ma Huateng, CEO . In 2016, pledging 100 million shares of company stock held by individuals (16.969 billion yuan) into the charity fund is preparing, ranked last year donated Kit list first, plus its 2014 to the Tencent Public Charity Foundation donated 250 million Yuan, the total topped the list.
Jack Ma, Alibaba Group Chairman of the Board of Directors with 17.193 billion yuan donations followed . However, MA's record donation of "benefiting" means. 2013-2015 period there were 9 large donation records, including the nature conservancy China Global Fund donated 5 million dollars, commitments to report annually to the life science breakthroughs donated 3 million dollars, 35 million donated to the charitable trust unit stake. February 2017 through Ma Ma Foundation donated $20 million to the University of Newcastle in Australia, however, the donation has not been included in the above list and statistics.
Yili resource group Chairman Wang Wenbiao third place with 10.02 billion yuan donations. 2011 Lee Foundation donated 20 million to set up billion (company), and promised to establish a community care Fund 2012 personal commitments future to yili 10 Foundation donated 10 billion yuan.
The three are currently donated billions of entrepreneurs. Also, HNA group Chairman Chen Feng, people, and Alibaba Group Director Council Deputy President Tsai, and Grand Group founder Chen Tianqiao and Luo qianqian couples, and Tencent main founded people one of Chen Yidan, and Fu Yao Group Chairman Cao dewang, and East Garden group He Qiaonv, and pan sea holding group Lo Chi-keung, and million up group Wang, and Ningxia baofeng energy group Dang Yanbao, and constant big group Xu jiayin, and bi GUI Park holding keung family, and Bohn group Xiong Xinxiang, and also can holding Li Hejun, donation amount are over 1 billion yuan.
The report generally classify the 123 the motivation of the donor found, these billion donation on its business strategy (improving political relations, crisis public relations, brand image), personal experience (back to society, such as hometown and Alma Mater, personal experiences or interests, religion, etc). Among them, the commercial strategy of 60 people, nearly half a per cent; 44 were related to personal experiences, share 35.77% and wealth planning 19 people, accounted for more than 15.45%. Comprehensive industry characteristics of the donor, the property donated by the Government in the energy sector has a greater impact.
In the donation area, higher education, poverty alleviation and basic education are the most popular billion donors ' areas of concern. Had 76 donors have given within 6 years higher education; 28 donors in the area of poverty alleviation has been donated; 15 donors focus on cutting-edge scientific research.
123 objective interpretation of donors
Revamped the Ford Foundation, the words "to strengthen democratic values, reduce poverty and injustice, promote international cooperation and advance human achievement" as Tenet, three core business has been extended to 2010.
The report points out that, although He Qiaonv, MA, Chen Yidan conscious charity focused on its commercial or personal interest-related areas, but comprehensive information about large donations, have a clear mission, focus on root causes of social problems, combined with donor resources proposed a systematic solution of donations is still relatively low.
The world's 100 largest charitable family studies show that family foundations or similar bodies set up one or more levels above 90%.
In these 123weiyi donors, companies, individual fund or special fund of the Foundation a total of 49. Is still low. This indicates that large donors in China still relatively low level of professionalization and specialization.
In order to make their donations more effective and sustainable operation, Bill Gates and his wife Melinda Gates Foundation is created through the "charity fund + investment trusts" way to keep operating, and filter on the charity project. Foundation related to 21st century business Herald reporters also noted that project selection and evaluation mechanisms is necessary, and investment trusts can realize the value and value-added, continues to provide support for charitable projects.
By contrast, there were many charitable foundations because of the lack of professional management and project selection and assessment mechanism, project extravagance, even corrupt, or because of the lack of long-term, stable source of funding and died. Especially in the field of large donations, did not play a leading role and of its corresponding value. "Big donors are still in transition, their donation is professional, emotional, and non-sustainable in the short term, its Endowment, and charitable strategy also needs to improve. ”
马化腾6年捐172.35亿成中国首善，
马云171.93亿随后 - 马化腾,
马云,慈善 - IT资讯
快速崛起的中国富裕人群，在关注财富保值、增值的同时，对慈善领域的关注度与日俱增。
北京师范大学中国公益研究院和深圳国际公益学院分析富裕阶层进行大额捐赠的动机和关注领域，自2011年起每年发布中国捐赠百杰榜。4月18日，在对6年来的榜单资料进行梳理后，发布《中国亿元捐赠与战略慈善发展报告》（下称《报告》）。
6年间，444位慈善家（601人次）登上榜单。《报告》显示，2011-2016年期间累计捐赠额超过1亿元的慈善家有123位，捐赠总额（含承诺）达1131.43亿元。
中国高净值人士捐赠总额、大额捐赠人数纪录不断被刷新，这将为社会发展带来很强的正面促进作用。但另一方面，大额捐赠缺乏清晰的使命和系统规划，专业性欠缺等，又可能造成资源的浪费和捐赠的不可持续。何解？
马化腾捐赠172亿成首善
172.35亿元！
这是近6年来合计最高的捐赠记录，来自腾讯董事会主席兼CEO马化腾。2016年，承诺捐赠个人持有的一亿股腾讯股票（价值169.69亿元）注入正在筹建中的公益慈善基金，位居去年捐赠百杰榜第一，加上其2014年向腾讯公益慈善基金会捐赠2.5亿元，总额位居榜首。
阿里巴巴集团董事局主席马云以171.93亿元捐赠紧随其后。不过，马云的捐赠记录颇有“雨露均沾”的意味。2013年-2015年间共有9笔大额捐赠记录，包括捐赠大自然保护协会中国全球保护基金500万美金、承诺每年向生命科学突破奖捐赠300万美元、向慈善信托捐赠3500万股阿里巴巴股份等。2017年2月，马云通过马云公益基金会向澳大利亚纽斯卡尔大学捐赠2000万美元，不过，该笔捐赠尚未纳入上述榜单统计。
亿利资源集团董事长王文彪以100.20亿元捐赠位居第三。2011年捐款2000万成立亿利公益基金会（公司捐赠），并承诺建立老年人关爱基金；2012年个人承诺未来10年向亿利公益基金会捐赠100亿元。
上述三位也是目前国内捐赠过百亿的企业家。此外，海航集团董事长陈锋等人、阿里巴巴集团董事局副主席蔡崇信、盛大集团创始人陈天桥和雒芊芊夫妻、腾讯主要创办人之一陈一丹、福耀集团董事长曹德旺、东方园林集团何巧女、泛海控股集团卢志强、万达集团王健林、宁夏宝丰能源集团党彦宝、恒大集团许家印、碧桂园控股杨国强家族、博恩集团熊新翔、还能控股李河君等捐赠金额均超过10亿元。
《报告》对123位捐赠者的动机大致归类发现，这些亿元捐赠主要与其商业战略（改善政商关系、危机公关、提升品牌形象）、个人经历（回报社会、家乡、母校等，个人经历或兴趣、宗教信仰等）有关。其中，商业战略考虑的有60人，占比近半；个人经历相关的有44人，占比35.77%；而财富规划的有19人，占比15.45%。综合捐赠人的行业特征，地产能源行业捐赠的受政府影响更大。
在捐赠领域上，高等教育、扶贫和基础教育是最受亿元捐赠者关注的领域。有76位捐赠人6年内向高等教育领域捐过款；28位捐赠人在扶贫领域进行过捐赠；15位捐赠人关注前沿科学研究。
123名捐赠者的目的解读
改组后的福特基金会，将“加强民主价值观，减轻贫困和不公正，促进国际合作，推动人类成就”作为发展宗旨，三大核心业务一直延续到2010年代。
《报告》指出，尽管何巧女、马云、陈一丹等都有意识将慈善聚焦于其商业或个人兴趣相关领域，但综合大额捐赠的相关信息来看，有明确清晰使命、聚焦于根源性社会问题、结合捐赠人优势资源提出系统化解决方案的捐赠比例仍然偏低。
对全球100个最大慈善家族的研究显示，成立了一个或多个家族基金会或类似机构的比例超过90%。
而在上述123位亿元捐赠者中，相关企业基金会、个人基金会或专项基金的共有49位。比例仍然显低。这表明中国大额捐赠者的职业化、专业化程度还比较低。
为了使自己的捐赠更有效、可持续地运转，比尔·盖茨及妻子梅琳达·盖茨就创建基金会，通过“慈善基金+投资信托”的方式维持运转，并对慈善项目进行筛选。基金会相关负责人也对21世纪经济报道记者指出，建立项目挑选和评估机制十分必要，而投资信托可以实现资产保值、增值，为慈善项目持续运行提供支持。
相比之下，曾有许多慈善基金会因为缺乏专业管理人和项目挑选评估机制，导致项目存在铺张浪费甚至被贪腐，或由于缺少长期、稳定的资金来源最后无疾而终。尤其在大额捐赠领域，没有发挥其相应的引领作用和价值。“大额捐赠者尚处于转型中，其捐赠行为是非专业、感性、短期和非可持续的，其捐赠策略和慈善战略还需要提升。”